Objective:To observe the effect of different degrees of decentration and tilt on the optical quality of the intraocular lenses (IOLs) with different focus designs.Methods:The UV 3300 PC UV-visible spectrophotometer was employed to measure the spectral transmittance of the monofocal IOL CT ASPHINA 509M (509M), bifocal IOL AT LISA 809M (809M), and trifocal IOL AT LISA Tri 839MP (839MP) within Zeiss MICS platform with a refractive power of + 20 D. The modulation transfer function (MTF) values at a spatial frequency of 50 lp/mm along with MTF curves and United States Air Force (USAF) resolution test charts for each IOL at the focal point were measured at apertures of 3.0 mm and 4.5 mm using the in vitro optical quality testing system OptiSpheric IOL R&D under centered, decentered (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 mm) and tilted (3°, 5°, 7°, 9° and 11°) conditions. Results:All three IOLs filtrated the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum below 400 nm.When each IOL was in the centered position, at the 3.0 mm aperture, the MTF values were 0.772 at the far focus of the monofocal IOL 509M, 0.467 and 0.282 at the far and near focus of the bifocal IOL 809M, and 0.416, 0.147, and 0.229 at the far, intermediate, and near focus of the trifocal IOL 839MP, respectively.Whereas at the 4.5 mm aperture, the monofocal IOL 509M MTF value at the far focus was 0.664, the bifocal IOL 809M MTF values at the far and near focus were 0.506 and 0.264, and the trifocal IOL 839MP MTF values at the far, intermediate, and near focus were 0.392, 0.107, and 0.210, respectively.Among the three centered IOLs, the 509M demonstrated the highest MTF value at the far focus, followed by the 809M and then the 839MP; at the near focus, the MTF value of the 809M surpassed that of the 839MP.For decentration and tilt, the difference in MTF values of the three IOLs at the far and near focus was consistent with the differences observed when they were centered.At the same degree of decentration and tilt, all three IOLs exhibited superior optical quality at the 3.0 mm aperture compared to the 4.5 mm aperture.The optical quality of all three IOLs exhibited an overall decline as decentration and tilt increased.All three IOLs demonstrated a decrease in optical quality at the decentration of 0.3 mm or the tilt of 5°.Conclusions:The IOLs within the Zeiss MICS platform design exhibits identical spectral transmittance and UV filtering properties.Among the three IOLs, when centered, the 509M, the 839MP, and the 809M exhibit superior optical quality at the far, intermediate, and near focal points, respectively.Under decentered and tilted conditions, the 509M and the 809M demonstrate better resistance against decentration and tilt, respectively, at both far and near focuses.Additionally, all three IOLs demonstrate better optical quality at smaller apertures, given equivalent degrees of decentration or tilt.However, the optical quality at each focal point of the three IOLs decreases compared to the centered position when subjected to a decentration of 0.3 mm or a tilt of 5°.

Objective To investigate the effect of rosa roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides(RRTP)on insulin resistance(IR)in rats with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)by regulating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/peroxlsome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactlvator-1α(PGC-1α)signaling pathway.Methods Ten pregnant rats served as normal control(NC)group,and 50 GDM rats were randomly divided into GDM group,RRTP 100 mg/kg(RRTP 100)group,RRTP 200 mg/kg(RRTP 200)group,positive drug(PD)group,RRTP 200 mg/kg+Dorsomorphin(RRTP 200+Dorsomorphin)group.The indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism,superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and pathological changes were evaluated in each group,and Schmidt scoring shall be performed.Additionally,apoptosis and the expression of proteins related to the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in tissues shall be detected.Results Fasting plasma glucose,fasting insulin,homeostatic model assessment-IR,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,MDA,IL-6,TNF-α,Schmidt score and apoptosis index were higher in GDM group than in NC group(P<0.05),while the expressions of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,SOD,p-AMPK/AMPK,p-AMPK and PGC-1α protein were lower in GDM group than in NC group(P<0.05).The above indexes improved in RRTP 100,RRTP 200 and PD groups.In the RRTP 200+Dorsomorphin group,the ameliorative effect of RRTP on IR was reversed.Conclusions RRTP improve IR in GDM rats by activating the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Objective:To observe the effect of different degrees of decentration and tilt on the optical quality of the intraocular lenses (IOLs) with different focus designs.Methods:The UV 3300 PC UV-visible spectrophotometer was employed to measure the spectral transmittance of the monofocal IOL CT ASPHINA 509M (509M), bifocal IOL AT LISA 809M (809M), and trifocal IOL AT LISA Tri 839MP (839MP) within Zeiss MICS platform with a refractive power of + 20 D. The modulation transfer function (MTF) values at a spatial frequency of 50 lp/mm along with MTF curves and United States Air Force (USAF) resolution test charts for each IOL at the focal point were measured at apertures of 3.0 mm and 4.5 mm using the in vitro optical quality testing system OptiSpheric IOL R&D under centered, decentered (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 mm) and tilted (3°, 5°, 7°, 9° and 11°) conditions. Results:All three IOLs filtrated the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum below 400 nm.When each IOL was in the centered position, at the 3.0 mm aperture, the MTF values were 0.772 at the far focus of the monofocal IOL 509M, 0.467 and 0.282 at the far and near focus of the bifocal IOL 809M, and 0.416, 0.147, and 0.229 at the far, intermediate, and near focus of the trifocal IOL 839MP, respectively.Whereas at the 4.5 mm aperture, the monofocal IOL 509M MTF value at the far focus was 0.664, the bifocal IOL 809M MTF values at the far and near focus were 0.506 and 0.264, and the trifocal IOL 839MP MTF values at the far, intermediate, and near focus were 0.392, 0.107, and 0.210, respectively.Among the three centered IOLs, the 509M demonstrated the highest MTF value at the far focus, followed by the 809M and then the 839MP; at the near focus, the MTF value of the 809M surpassed that of the 839MP.For decentration and tilt, the difference in MTF values of the three IOLs at the far and near focus was consistent with the differences observed when they were centered.At the same degree of decentration and tilt, all three IOLs exhibited superior optical quality at the 3.0 mm aperture compared to the 4.5 mm aperture.The optical quality of all three IOLs exhibited an overall decline as decentration and tilt increased.All three IOLs demonstrated a decrease in optical quality at the decentration of 0.3 mm or the tilt of 5°.Conclusions:The IOLs within the Zeiss MICS platform design exhibits identical spectral transmittance and UV filtering properties.Among the three IOLs, when centered, the 509M, the 839MP, and the 809M exhibit superior optical quality at the far, intermediate, and near focal points, respectively.Under decentered and tilted conditions, the 509M and the 809M demonstrate better resistance against decentration and tilt, respectively, at both far and near focuses.Additionally, all three IOLs demonstrate better optical quality at smaller apertures, given equivalent degrees of decentration or tilt.However, the optical quality at each focal point of the three IOLs decreases compared to the centered position when subjected to a decentration of 0.3 mm or a tilt of 5°.

Heart failure (HF) is the end-stage of all cardiac diseases, characterized by high prevalence, high mortality, and heavy social and economic burden. Early warning of HF exacerbation is of great value for outpatient management and reducing readmission rates. Currently, remote dynamic monitoring technology, which captures changes in hemodynamic and physiological parameters of HF patients, has become the primary method for early warning and is a hot research topic in clinical studies. This paper systematically reviews the progress in this field, which was categorized into invasive monitoring based on implanted devices, non-invasive monitoring based on wearable devices, and other monitoring technologies based on audio and video. Invasive monitoring primarily involves direct hemodynamic parameters such as left atrial pressure and pulmonary artery pressure, while non-invasive monitoring covers parameters such as thoracic impedance, electrocardiogram, respiration, and activity levels. These parameters exhibit characteristic changes in the early stages of HF exacerbation. Given the clinical heterogeneity of HF patients, multi-source information fusion analysis can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of early warning models. The results of this study suggest that, compared with invasive monitoring, non-invasive monitoring technology, with its advantages of good patient compliance, ease of operation, and cost-effectiveness, combined with AI-driven multimodal data analysis methods, shows significant clinical application potential in establishing an outpatient management system for HF.
Humans ; Heart Failure/physiopathology* ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods* ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Remote Sensing Technology ; Early Diagnosis ; Electrocardiography ; Hemodynamics

Objective To investigate the effect of rosa roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides(RRTP)on insulin resistance(IR)in rats with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)by regulating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/peroxlsome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactlvator-1α(PGC-1α)signaling pathway.Methods Ten pregnant rats served as normal control(NC)group,and 50 GDM rats were randomly divided into GDM group,RRTP 100 mg/kg(RRTP 100)group,RRTP 200 mg/kg(RRTP 200)group,positive drug(PD)group,RRTP 200 mg/kg+Dorsomorphin(RRTP 200+Dorsomorphin)group.The indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism,superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and pathological changes were evaluated in each group,and Schmidt scoring shall be performed.Additionally,apoptosis and the expression of proteins related to the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in tissues shall be detected.Results Fasting plasma glucose,fasting insulin,homeostatic model assessment-IR,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,MDA,IL-6,TNF-α,Schmidt score and apoptosis index were higher in GDM group than in NC group(P<0.05),while the expressions of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,SOD,p-AMPK/AMPK,p-AMPK and PGC-1α protein were lower in GDM group than in NC group(P<0.05).The above indexes improved in RRTP 100,RRTP 200 and PD groups.In the RRTP 200+Dorsomorphin group,the ameliorative effect of RRTP on IR was reversed.Conclusions RRTP improve IR in GDM rats by activating the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the optical performance of two aspheric intraocular lenses (IOL) AcrySof IQ SN60WF and Proming A1-UV with identical negative spherical aberration values, using the optical bench OptiSpheric IOL R&D through an in vitro study. Methods:The optical performance of + 20.0 D blue-light filtering SN60WF and monofocal high-order aspheric non blue-light filtering A1-UV IOL was evaluated through cornea models with the spherical aberration of 0 μm (ISO-1) and + 0.28 μm (ISO-2) under apertures of 3.0 mm and 4.5 mm via the optical bench OptiSpheric IOL R&D.The modulation transfer function (MTF) and USAF 1951 resolution test chart were employed to measure the IOL with centering, decentration of 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 mm, as well as tilt of 3°, 5°, 7°, 9° and 11°.The spectral transmittance of IOL was measured with the UV-3300 UV-VIS spectrophotometer.Results:Compared with the A1-UV IOL, the spectral transmittance of SN60WF for blue light with wavelengths of 400-500 nm was significantly reduced, which effectively reduced the passage of blue light.At an aperture of 3.0 mm, the MTF values at 100 lp/mm spatial frequency for the centered SN60WF and A1-UV were 0.576 and 0.598 under ISO-1 corneal measurement conditions, 0.564 and 0.563 under ISO-2 conditions.At an aperture of 4.5 mm, the MTF values were 0.238 and 0.404 under ISO-1 corneal measurement conditions, and 0.438 and 0.339 under ISO-2 conditions.The MTF values of A1-UV and SN60WF at 3.0 mm aperture and 100 lp/mm spatial frequency under ISO-1 corneal measurement conditions were larger than those under ISO-2 corneal measurement conditions.Under ISO-1 corneal measurement conditions with a 3.0 mm aperture, A1-UV had a better optical quality compared to SN60WF, whereas under ISO-2 corneal measurement conditions, the optical quality of both IOLs was similar.Under the 3.0 mm aperture, the MTF values of SN60WF and A1-UV at a decentration of 0.3 mm and 100 lp/mm spatial frequency were 0.414 and 0.571 under ISO-1 corneal measurement conditions, 0.438 and 0.512 under ISO-2 corneal measurement conditions, respectively.The MTF values of SN60WF and A1-UV at a tilt of 3° were 0.522 and 0.597 under ISO-1 corneal measurement conditions, and 0.532 and 0.531 under ISO-2 corneal measurement conditions.The MTF values and USAF resolution test chart of A1-UV had no significant change between the two corneal measurement conditions.When subjected to equal degrees of decentration or tilting, except for the ISO-1 corneal measurement conditions at a 4.5 mm aperture, the MTF values of A1-UV showed a gradual decline across various spatial frequencies compared to SN60WF.With the increase in aperture size, the impact of IOL decentration or tilting on MTF values and USAF 1951 resolution test chart became more notable for A1-UV relative to SN60WF.Conclusions:The SN60WF IOL effectively filters blue light within the wavelength range of 400-500 nm.However, when both IOL experience decentration greater than 0.3 mm or tilting beyond 3°, the optical quality of the IOL will decline.A1-UV has a distinct advantage over SN60WF in terms of resistance to both decentration and tilting-induced optical performance degradation in vitro.

Background:The diversity and function of gut microbiota have been regarded as crucial factors affecting human health.With the advances in genetics and epidemiology,especially the application of Mendelian randomization analysis,a novel perspective has been provided for profoundly uncovering the causal relationship between gut microbiota and duodenal ulcer.Aims:To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and duodenal ulcer through two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Methods:Genetic variation samples of the gut microbiota were screened from the MiBioGen database.Genetic loci related to duodenal ulcer were selected as instrumental variables from genome-wide association study.The inverse-variance weighted method,weighted median method,and MR-Egger regression analysis were used to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and duodenal ulcer.Tests for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were conducted to ensure the stability of the results.Results:Bacteroides(OR=0.998,95%CI:0.996-1.000,P=0.014),Prevotella_7(OR=0.999,95%CI:0.998-1.000,P=0.043)and Terrisporobacter(OR=0.998,95%CI:0.997-1.000,P=0.029)exhibited negative causal relationship with duodenal ulcer,while Bifidobacterium(OR=1.001,95%CI:1.000-1.003,P=0.046),Lachnoclostridium(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.004,P=0.007)and Olsenella(OR=1.001,95%CI:1.000-1.002,P=0.018)presented positive causal relationship with duodenal ulcer.The sensitivity analysis indicated that the influences of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy on the causal relationship could be excluded.Conclusions:The two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that Bacteroides,Prevotella_7 and Terrisporobacter were protective factors for duodenal ulcer,while Bifidobacterium,Lachnoclostridium and Olsenella were risk factors.

Background:The diversity and function of gut microbiota have been regarded as crucial factors affecting human health.With the advances in genetics and epidemiology,especially the application of Mendelian randomization analysis,a novel perspective has been provided for profoundly uncovering the causal relationship between gut microbiota and duodenal ulcer.Aims:To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and duodenal ulcer through two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Methods:Genetic variation samples of the gut microbiota were screened from the MiBioGen database.Genetic loci related to duodenal ulcer were selected as instrumental variables from genome-wide association study.The inverse-variance weighted method,weighted median method,and MR-Egger regression analysis were used to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and duodenal ulcer.Tests for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were conducted to ensure the stability of the results.Results:Bacteroides(OR=0.998,95%CI:0.996-1.000,P=0.014),Prevotella_7(OR=0.999,95%CI:0.998-1.000,P=0.043)and Terrisporobacter(OR=0.998,95%CI:0.997-1.000,P=0.029)exhibited negative causal relationship with duodenal ulcer,while Bifidobacterium(OR=1.001,95%CI:1.000-1.003,P=0.046),Lachnoclostridium(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.004,P=0.007)and Olsenella(OR=1.001,95%CI:1.000-1.002,P=0.018)presented positive causal relationship with duodenal ulcer.The sensitivity analysis indicated that the influences of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy on the causal relationship could be excluded.Conclusions:The two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that Bacteroides,Prevotella_7 and Terrisporobacter were protective factors for duodenal ulcer,while Bifidobacterium,Lachnoclostridium and Olsenella were risk factors.

Wearable monitoring, which has the advantages of continuous monitoring for a long time with low physiological and psychological load, represents a future development direction of monitoring technology. Based on wearable physiological monitoring technology, combined with Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence technology, this paper has developed an intelligent monitoring system, including wearable hardware, ward Internet of Things platform, continuous physiological data analysis algorithm and software. We explored the clinical value of continuous physiological data using this system through a lot of clinical practices. And four value points were given, namely, real-time monitoring, disease assessment, prediction and early warning, and rehabilitation training. Depending on the real clinical environment, we explored the mode of applying wearable technology in general ward monitoring, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and integrated monitoring inside and outside the hospital. The research results show that this monitoring system can be effectively used for monitoring of patients in hospital, evaluation and training of patients' cardiopulmonary function, and management of patients outside hospital.
Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Internet of Things ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods* ; Electrocardiography ; Internet

To evaluate the value of prenatal ultrasound in the diagnosis of single umbilical artery( SUA ) and fetal malformation . Methods T he characteristics of the prenatal ultrasound findings of 143 fetuses with SU A in different gestational weeks were retrospectively analyzed ,and the missing side of SU A were checked . Different types of SUA combined with fetal malformation were analyzed as well as chromosomal abnormalities and so on . Results For 143 fetuses with SU A ,there were 83 cases ( 58 .0% ) with absent left umbilical artery and 60 cases ( 42 .0% ) with absent right umbilical artery ,there was no statistical difference between the two groups ( P ＞0 .05 ) . Six cases ( 4 .2% ,6/143 ) were detected at and before 20 weeks of gestation ,and the rest 137 cases were detected after 20 weeks( 95 .8% ,137/143) . T here were 121 cases ( 84 .6% ) of isolated SUA ,22 cases ( 15 .4% ) were complicated with other malformations , including 10 cases ( 45 .5% ) with absent left umbilical artery and 12 cases ( 54 .5% ) with absent right umbilical artery . T here was no statistical difference between left and right umbilical artery deletion combined with fetal malformation( χ2 ＝1 .692 ,ν＝1 , P ＞0 .05) . T here were 11 cases( 7 .7% ,11/143) with cardiovascular malformation and nine cases ( 6 .3% , 9/143 ) with digestive system malformation . Chromosome examination was performed in 23 cases . One case of trisomy 18‐trisomy and 1 case of trisomy 13‐trisomy were found to be with missing right umbilical artery and all of them were complicated with multiple deformities . Conclusions The absence of left and right umbilical artery can be combined with abnormal fetal malformation . Prenatal ultrasonography can accurately diagnose SU A and fetal malformation .