Medical ultrasound technology is widely used for diagnosis and therapy in clinical practice.Ultrasound probes,which are directly contact with patients,pose a potential risk of pathogen transmission.This expert consen-sus was developed by a multidisciplinary team based on international guidelines,standards in China,and the results of a national survey,aiming to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infection through standardizing reprocessing of medical ultrasound probes,and formulating consensus recommendations with the Delphi method.The consensus clarifies the reprocessing principles for three types of ultrasound probes of different infection risks:external-use ul-trasound probes,interventional percutaneous ultrasound probes,and internal-use ultrasound probes,puts forward systematic suggestions on the reprocessing standards and disinfection levels of ultrasound probe isolation covers and coupling agents,the reprocessing procedures and methods of ultrasound probes,as well as architectural layout and management of reprocessing,so as to provide a scientific prevention and control framework for ensuring ultrasound diagnosis and therapy safety.

Medical ultrasound technology is widely used for diagnosis and therapy in clinical practice.Ultrasound probes,which are directly contact with patients,pose a potential risk of pathogen transmission.This expert consen-sus was developed by a multidisciplinary team based on international guidelines,standards in China,and the results of a national survey,aiming to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infection through standardizing reprocessing of medical ultrasound probes,and formulating consensus recommendations with the Delphi method.The consensus clarifies the reprocessing principles for three types of ultrasound probes of different infection risks:external-use ul-trasound probes,interventional percutaneous ultrasound probes,and internal-use ultrasound probes,puts forward systematic suggestions on the reprocessing standards and disinfection levels of ultrasound probe isolation covers and coupling agents,the reprocessing procedures and methods of ultrasound probes,as well as architectural layout and management of reprocessing,so as to provide a scientific prevention and control framework for ensuring ultrasound diagnosis and therapy safety.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of catheter-related thrombosis（CRT）in femoral vein indwelling catheter for patients undergoing artificial liver therapy.Methods:The clinical data 1 060 patients who received non biological artificial liver therapy with femoral vein catheterization at the Artificial Liver Center of the First Affiliated Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine from February 26，2019 to March 30，2022 were retrospectively analyzed. During the treatment，CRT occurred in femoral vein indwelling catheter in 574 cases（54.2%，CRT group）and did not occurred in remaining 486 cases（non-CRT group）. The influencing factors of CRT were analyzed with multiple Logistic regression.Results:Univariate analysis showed that gender，D-dimer before and after catheterization，international normalized ratio（INR），total bilirubin，catheterization location，and catheter retention time were significantly associated with the occurrence of CRT（all P<0.05）. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that male gender（ OR=1.627，95% CI 1.233-2.148， P<0.001），right femoral vein catheterization（ OR=2.101，95% CI 1.130-3.908， P=0.019），catheter retention time（ OR=1.039，95% CI 1.003-1.077， P=0.035），D-dimer >500 μg/L FEU after catheterization（ OR=1.697，95% CI 1.191-2.416， P=0.003）and INR≥1.5（ OR=1.343，95% CI 1.001-1.801， P=0.049）were independent risk factors for CRT in femoral vein indwelling catheter for artificial liver therapy. Conclusion:The incidence of CRT is high in patients undergoing artificial liver therapy with femoral vein catheterization. In clinical practice，medical staff should early identify high-risk populations for CRT and take timely preventive measures.

Objective To investigate the effect of semaglutide on the prognosis in patients with unstable angina complicated with diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods A total of 178 patients with unstable angina complicated with diabetes diagnosed in Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital from September 1,2022 to March 31,2023 were included.The patients were divided into a study group(43 patients)and a control group(135 patients)according to whether they received semiglutide or not.Changes in HbA1c,fasting blood glucose,body weight,blood pressure and blood lipid were observed before and after treatment.Baseline data and differences in postoperative adverse cardiovascular events including cardiovascular death,all-cause death,acute myocardial infarction,acute ischemic stroke,re-hospitalization due to unstable angina,and coronary revasculariza-tion were compared between the two groups.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,fasting blood-glucose levels in the study group and the control group were(6.0±0.9),(8.5±1.3)mmol/L,HbA1c levels were(6.5±0.7)%,(7.9±0.5)%,BMI was(22.8±3.0),(25.0±2.4)kg/m2,systolic blood pressure was(135.3±9.7),(141.5±8.3)mmHg,respectively,with significant differences(P＜0.05 for all comparisons).Diastolic blood pressure showed a trend of improvement(84.7±7.7),(86.6±7.7)mmHg,but there was no statistical difference.Conclu-sions For patients with unstable angina complicated with diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention,the application of semaglutide can effectively control blood glucose,body weight,systolic blood pressure,and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Objective To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between coping styles and care burden among primary caregivers of elderly patients after hip replacement surgery.Methods A convenient sampling method was employed to enrol the primary caregivers of patients who received hip replacement surgery in a Grade ⅢA hospital between October 2022 and July 2023.A total of 260 caregivers were surveyed using the general self-efficacy scale,simple coping style questionnaire and Zarit care burden scale.A structural equation model was used to analyse the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between coping style and care burden.Results Toally 253 caregivers completed the study.The study had found that the mean self-efficacy among the primary caregivers scored(27.7±5.6),the positive coping score was(33.7±7.7),and the total care burden score was(34.4±10.2).Self-efficacy exhibited a positive correlation with the positive coping styles(r=0.550,P<0.05)and a negative correlation with the care burden(r=-0.427,P<0.05).The Bootstrap test revealed that self-efficacy mediated the relationship between coping styles and care burden,with a mediating effect of-0.232(95％CI:-0.359,-0.121),accounting for 47.02％of the total effect.Conclusion The self-efficacy of primary caregivers is moderate.It predominantly characterised by positive coping strategies.The coping strategies of primary caregivers work through their self-efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effect of semaglutide on the prognosis in patients with unstable angina complicated with diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods A total of 178 patients with unstable angina complicated with diabetes diagnosed in Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital from September 1,2022 to March 31,2023 were included.The patients were divided into a study group(43 patients)and a control group(135 patients)according to whether they received semiglutide or not.Changes in HbA1c,fasting blood glucose,body weight,blood pressure and blood lipid were observed before and after treatment.Baseline data and differences in postoperative adverse cardiovascular events including cardiovascular death,all-cause death,acute myocardial infarction,acute ischemic stroke,re-hospitalization due to unstable angina,and coronary revasculariza-tion were compared between the two groups.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,fasting blood-glucose levels in the study group and the control group were(6.0±0.9),(8.5±1.3)mmol/L,HbA1c levels were(6.5±0.7)%,(7.9±0.5)%,BMI was(22.8±3.0),(25.0±2.4)kg/m2,systolic blood pressure was(135.3±9.7),(141.5±8.3)mmHg,respectively,with significant differences(P＜0.05 for all comparisons).Diastolic blood pressure showed a trend of improvement(84.7±7.7),(86.6±7.7)mmHg,but there was no statistical difference.Conclu-sions For patients with unstable angina complicated with diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention,the application of semaglutide can effectively control blood glucose,body weight,systolic blood pressure,and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Objective To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between coping styles and care burden among primary caregivers of elderly patients after hip replacement surgery.Methods A convenient sampling method was employed to enrol the primary caregivers of patients who received hip replacement surgery in a Grade ⅢA hospital between October 2022 and July 2023.A total of 260 caregivers were surveyed using the general self-efficacy scale,simple coping style questionnaire and Zarit care burden scale.A structural equation model was used to analyse the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between coping style and care burden.Results Toally 253 caregivers completed the study.The study had found that the mean self-efficacy among the primary caregivers scored(27.7±5.6),the positive coping score was(33.7±7.7),and the total care burden score was(34.4±10.2).Self-efficacy exhibited a positive correlation with the positive coping styles(r=0.550,P<0.05)and a negative correlation with the care burden(r=-0.427,P<0.05).The Bootstrap test revealed that self-efficacy mediated the relationship between coping styles and care burden,with a mediating effect of-0.232(95％CI:-0.359,-0.121),accounting for 47.02％of the total effect.Conclusion The self-efficacy of primary caregivers is moderate.It predominantly characterised by positive coping strategies.The coping strategies of primary caregivers work through their self-efficacy.

Objective:To observe any therapeutic effect of combining botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) with rehabilitation training in treating Parkinson′s disease (PD) patients with striatal foot deformity (SFD).Methods:A total of 68 PD patients with SFD were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group. Both groups were given routine medication with pramipexole and dopamine receptor agonists and received lower limb rehabilitation training, including passive activity training, strength training and walking training. The treatment group was additionally injected with BTX-A. Sciatic pain was quantified using a visual analogue scale. The Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale-lower limb motor lower limb motor function (UPDRS-LLM) scale, the Berg balance scale and the modified Barthel index were applied to test all of the participants before the experiment and on the 7th, 14th and 30th day of the treatment.Results:The average scores of the control group on all of measures at were significantly better than those of the control group at the same time points, and by the 14th and 30th day had improved significantly compared with those before treatment.Conclusion:Supplementing rehabilitation training with BTX-A can significantly improve foot deformity and relieve the muscle tension and spastic pain of PD patients with SFD, promoting the motor functioning of their lower limbs, their balance and their performance in the activities of daily living.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and complementary tests of a Chinese patient with central mixed phenotype acute leukemia and improve the awareness and diagnosis of MPAL among clinicians.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed a patient's clinical feature, laboratory examination, diagnosis and literature review who had headache as the first symptom and finally diagnosed with MPAL.Results:A 59-year-old female presented with recurrent headaches and can not relieved, at last , was confirmed as mixed phenotype acute leukemia by flow cytometry of cerebrospinal fluid、immunophenotyping and molecular biology of bone marrow. Remission was achieved after chemotherapy for lymphoid and myeloid leukemia.Conclusion:Patients with an unclear diagnosis of central nervous system disease, leukemia should be considered, and cerebrospinal fluid flow cytology and bone marrow biopsy should be refined.

Macrophages are widely distributed immune cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis. Human THP-1 cells have been widely used in various macrophage-associated studies, especially those involving pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. However, the molecular characterization of four M2 subtypes (M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d) derived from THP-1 has not been fully investigated. In this study, we systematically analyzed the protein expression profiles of human THP-1-derived macrophages (M0, M1, M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d) using quantitative proteomics approaches. The commonly and specially regulated proteins of the four M2 subtypes and their potential biological functions were further investigated. The results showed that M2a and M2b, and M2c and M2d have very similar protein expression profiles. These data could serve as an important resource for studies of macrophages using THP-1 cells, and provide a reference to distinguish different M2 subtypes in macrophage-associated diseases for subsequent clinical research.
Humans ; Macrophages/metabolism* ; Phenotype ; Proteomics ; THP-1 Cells