OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of immune-related adverse events （irAEs） induced by tislelizumab in patients with liver cancer. METHODS A retrospective cohort of 203 liver cancer patients treated with tislelizumab in Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from May 2022 to March 2024 was included. These patients were divided into an irAEs group （58 cases） and a non-irAEs group （145 cases）. Clinical data were collected and compared between the two groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze factors influencing the occurrence of irAEs and establish a predictive model. The receiver operator characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of the model for the occurrence of irAEs. The correlation between irAEs and overall survival （OS） as well as progression free survival （PFS） in patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The irAEs induced by tislelizumab in liver cancer patients were predominantly grade 1-2 （89.71%）， mainly manifesting as hematological toxicity （42.65%） and hepatotoxicity （20.59%）， and mostly occurred within 1-12 cycles after tislelizumab treatment. Compared with liver cancer patients without underlying liver diseases， those with chronic hepatitis B had a higher incidence of irAEs. Statistically significant differences were observed between the irAEs and non-irAEs groups in terms of the number of patients with a China Liver Cancer Staging （CNLC） stage ≥Ⅱ， white blood cell count， neutrophil count， systemic immune-inflammation index （SII）， and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio （NLR） （P＜0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that CNLC stage ≥Ⅱ was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of irAEs （P＝0.027）. The ROC curve indicated that neutrophil count， white blood cell count， NLR， and SII all demonstrated certain predictive potential for the occurrence of irAEs （with area under the curve values of 0.614， 0.592，0.591， and 0.589， respectively）. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed no statistically significant differences in PFS and OS between the irAEs and non-irAEs groups， among patients with different grades of irAEs， and among irAEs patients with different CNLC stages （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSION The irAEs induced by tislelizumab in liver cancer patients are relatively mild （grade 1-2），mainly manifesting as hematological toxicity and hepatotoxicity. Liver cancer patients with concurrent chronic hepatitis B are at a higher risk of developing irAEs. CNLC stage ≥Ⅱ is an independent risk factor for irAEs induced by tislelizumab. Neutrophil count， white blood cell count， NLR， and SII have certain predictive value for the occurrence of irAEs.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of immune-related adverse events （irAEs） in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer （SCLC） treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICIs）. METHODS The data from 130 patients with extensive-stage SCLC treated with ICIs at our hospital from January 1， 2023， to May 31， 2023 was collected retrospectively using the Chinese Hospital Pharmacovigilance System. The occurrence of irAEs and the use of corticosteroids during treatment for all patients were recorded. A multifactorial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the occurrence of irAEs. RESULTS Among the 130 patients included， 32 patients experienced 38 episodes of irAEs， with an incidence rate of 24.6% and severity of degree 1-3. Skin symptoms were the most common （8.4%） and predominantly occurred in the first cycle of treatment. Five patients developed irAEs involving multiple organ systems. The irrational use rate of corticosteroids in patients with irAEs was 23.1% （excluding patients with thyroid dysfunction）. Neuron specific enolase （NSE） was a independent factor influencing the occurrence of irAEs （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of irAEs caused by ICIs remains relatively high and can involve various organ systems throughout the body， with skin symptoms occurring earliest. NSE is an independent influencing factor for the occurrence of irAEs， and could predict the risk of irAEs to a certain extent.