AIM: To compare the clinical efficacy of goniosynechialysis versus trabeculectomy combined with cataract phacoemulsification in treating glaucoma complicated with cataract.METHODS:From January 2019 to January 2024, patients with glaucoma complicated with cataract diagnosed in our hospital were included as the study subjects. They were assigned into trabeculectomy group and goniosynechialysis group based on different surgical methods. The trabeculectomy group was treated with cataract phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy, while the goniosynechialysis group was treated with cataract phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis. The improvement of visual acuity, anterior chamber depth, chamber angle width, intraocular pressure, whole en face vessel density within the optic disc head and in the peripapillary region, and complications were compared between two groups.RESULTS: A total of 120 patients(120 eyes)with glaucoma combined with cataract were included in this study, among which 60 eyes were in the trabeculectomy group and 60 eyes in the goniosynechialysis group. The age of the trabeculectomy group was 60.72±6.16 years, including 28 males and 32 females. The age of the goniosynechialysis group was 61.04±6.24 years, including 31 males and 29 females. At 3 mo after surgery, the visual acuity of patients in both groups improved significantly, and the improvement of visual acuity in the goniosynechialysis group was significantly better than that in the trabeculectomy group(all P<0.01). At 3 mo after surgery, the anterior chamber depth and chamber angle width of patients in both groups were higher than those before surgery, and with the goniosynechialysis group being higher than the trabeculectomy group(all P<0.01), while the intraocular pressure was lower than that before surgery, and with the goniosynechialysis group being lower than the trabeculectomy group(all P<0.01). Before surgery, there was no significant difference in the whole en face vessel density within the optic disc head between the two groups(P>0.05), however, the whole en face vessel density within the optic disc head in both groups on 1 d after surgery were significantly lower than before surgery(all P<0.05); and compared with 1 d after surgery, there was a significant increase at 1 wk, 1, and 3 mo after surgery(all P<0.05); the whole en face vessel density within the optic disc head in the goniosynechialysis group was significantly higher than that in the trabeculectomy group at various time points after surgery(all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the whole en face vessel density in the peripapillary region between the two groups before surgery and various time points after surgery(all P>0.05). Within 3 mo after surgery, the incidence of complications in the goniosynechialysis group(8.3%)was significantly lower than that in the trabeculectomy group(21.7%; P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Goniosynechialysis combined with phacoemulsification is more effective than trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification in the treatment of patients with glaucoma complicated with cataract in improving the visual acuity and whole en face vessel density within the optic disc head of patients, increasing the anterior chamber depth and chamber angle width, reducing intraocular pressure and the risk of complications. It has high safety and ideal short-term efficacy.

Objective: To explore the early effects of birth weight at different gestational ages on blood pressure trajectory among primary school students, so as to provide evidence for incorporating gestational age birth weight into individualized early warning and intervention strategies for childhood hypertension. Methods: From May to November 2023, a purposeful sampling method was used to recruit 1 676 students in grade 1-3 from three primary schools in a certain urban district of Chongqing. Follow up assessments were conducted in May 2024(T1), November 2024(T2), and May 2025(T3). General demographic and birth related information were collected via self administered questionnaires, while height, weight and blood pressure were obtained through physical examinations. Linear mixed effects model was used to analyze the associations between birth weight at different gestational ages and blood pressure trajectories. Results: During the T1-T3 period, the systolic blood pressure of boys were 98.5 (93.0, 104.5 ),98.5 (93.5, 105.0), and 97.5 (92.5, 103.5)mmHg, respectively, while the diastolic blood pressure were 60.5 (56.5, 65.0), 61.5 ( 57.0 , 65.5), and 60.0 (56.0, 64.0)mmHg, respectively. For girls, the systolic blood pressure were 95.5 (90.0, 102.0),95.5 (90.5, 101.5), and 96.0 (90.5, 101.5)mmHg, respectively, and the diastolic blood pressure were 60.5 (56.0, 64.5 ),61.5 (57.5, 65.5), and 59.5 (56.0, 63.0)mmHg, respectively. Through Friedman test within both boys and girls, diostolic blood pressure were statistically significant across three measurements( χ 2=48.85，81.54，both P <0.01). The proportion of normal blood pressure increased , and the proportion of prehypertension and hypertension decreased with time( χ 2=39.72，25.62，both P < 0.01 ). Linear mixed effects model analysis revealed that after adjusting for age, sex, household income monthly, parental education, family history of hypertension and maternal pregnancy complications, large for gestational age had significantly higher trajectories of systolic ( β = 1.50) and diastolic( β =0.94) blood pressure compared to appropriate for gestational age(both P <0.01). Conclusion Large for gestational age is associated with elevated blood pressure trajectories during school age, and it may be considered as an early indicator for individualized screening and intervention for childhood hypertension.

ObjectiveTo explore the complex network relationships among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to analyze the moderating effects of different socio-structural factors on the rehabilitation network from an ethical equity perspective. MethodsA convenience sampling method was used to select 291 patients who underwent TKA in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from May to July, 2023. Pain was assessed using Numerical Rating Scale, kinesiophobia with Chinese short version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, social participation with Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire, and knee function with Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score. A partial correlation network among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function was constructed using Graphical Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator. Key variables were identified through node centrality and bridge centrality analysis. Network Comparison Tests (NCT) were used to analyze network differences among subgroups based on different socio-structural characteristics. ResultsIn the network model, the nodes with the highest strength centrality were indoor participation, activity behavior and activity pain. Bridge centrality analysis indicated that activity pain, knee function, indoor participation and activity cognition were key bridge nodes. NCT revealed no significant differences in overall network structure or global strength among subgroups based on residence, education level or payment method (P > 0.05). However, significant differences in edge weights were found for specific edges such as activity cognition-activity behavior and knee function-indoor participation (P < 0.05). ConclusionThere is a network of interactions among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function in patients after TKA, with nodes such as indoor participation and activity pain playing key roles in the rehabilitation process. Although the overall rehabilitation network is similar across different socio-structural groups, variations exist in specific relational pathways among patients from rural areas, those with lower education levels, and those with out-of-pocket payment. This suggests that clinical rehabilitation interventions should focus on these core nodes and implement targeted support strategies for socio-structurally disadvantaged groups to promote rehabilitation equity.

ObjectiveTo explore the complex network relationships among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to analyze the moderating effects of different socio-structural factors on the rehabilitation network from an ethical equity perspective. MethodsA convenience sampling method was used to select 291 patients who underwent TKA in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from May to July, 2023. Pain was assessed using Numerical Rating Scale, kinesiophobia with Chinese short version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, social participation with Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire, and knee function with Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score. A partial correlation network among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function was constructed using Graphical Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator. Key variables were identified through node centrality and bridge centrality analysis. Network Comparison Tests (NCT) were used to analyze network differences among subgroups based on different socio-structural characteristics. ResultsIn the network model, the nodes with the highest strength centrality were indoor participation, activity behavior and activity pain. Bridge centrality analysis indicated that activity pain, knee function, indoor participation and activity cognition were key bridge nodes. NCT revealed no significant differences in overall network structure or global strength among subgroups based on residence, education level or payment method (P > 0.05). However, significant differences in edge weights were found for specific edges such as activity cognition-activity behavior and knee function-indoor participation (P < 0.05). ConclusionThere is a network of interactions among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function in patients after TKA, with nodes such as indoor participation and activity pain playing key roles in the rehabilitation process. Although the overall rehabilitation network is similar across different socio-structural groups, variations exist in specific relational pathways among patients from rural areas, those with lower education levels, and those with out-of-pocket payment. This suggests that clinical rehabilitation interventions should focus on these core nodes and implement targeted support strategies for socio-structurally disadvantaged groups to promote rehabilitation equity.

ObjectiveTo explore the complex network relationships among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to analyze the moderating effects of different socio-structural factors on the rehabilitation network from an ethical equity perspective. MethodsA convenience sampling method was used to select 291 patients who underwent TKA in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from May to July, 2023. Pain was assessed using Numerical Rating Scale, kinesiophobia with Chinese short version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, social participation with Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire, and knee function with Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score. A partial correlation network among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function was constructed using Graphical Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator. Key variables were identified through node centrality and bridge centrality analysis. Network Comparison Tests (NCT) were used to analyze network differences among subgroups based on different socio-structural characteristics. ResultsIn the network model, the nodes with the highest strength centrality were indoor participation, activity behavior and activity pain. Bridge centrality analysis indicated that activity pain, knee function, indoor participation and activity cognition were key bridge nodes. NCT revealed no significant differences in overall network structure or global strength among subgroups based on residence, education level or payment method (P > 0.05). However, significant differences in edge weights were found for specific edges such as activity cognition-activity behavior and knee function-indoor participation (P < 0.05). ConclusionThere is a network of interactions among pain, kinesiophobia, social participation and knee function in patients after TKA, with nodes such as indoor participation and activity pain playing key roles in the rehabilitation process. Although the overall rehabilitation network is similar across different socio-structural groups, variations exist in specific relational pathways among patients from rural areas, those with lower education levels, and those with out-of-pocket payment. This suggests that clinical rehabilitation interventions should focus on these core nodes and implement targeted support strategies for socio-structurally disadvantaged groups to promote rehabilitation equity.

ObjectiveProtein-protein interactions (PPIs) are fundamental to the execution of biological functions within living cells. However, traditional biochemical methods, such as co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), often fail to capture transient, weak, or membrane-associated interactions due to the stringent detergent requirements for cell lysis. Proximity labeling (PL) has emerged in recent years as a transformative technology for mapping the proteomes of specific subcellular compartments and identifying dynamic interactomes in situ. Golgi protein 73 (GP73, also known as GOLPH2), a resident type II Golgi transmembrane protein, is a well-recognized clinical biomarker for liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite its clinical significance, the comprehensive physiological and pathological functions of GP73 remain partially understood. This study aims to establish an APEX2-mediated proximity labeling system specifically targeting GP73 to map its interactome in a living cellular environment, thereby providing new insights into its molecular roles and regulatory mechanisms. MethodsTo achieve spatial specificity, we first constructed a stable cell line expressing a fusion protein consisting of GP73 and the engineered soybean peroxidase APEX2. The localization of the GP73-APEX2 fusion protein was validated to ensure it correctly targeted the Golgi apparatus. The proximity labeling reaction was initiated by incubating the cells with biotin-phenol (BP) for 30 min, followed by a brief (1 min) treatment with1 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). This catalytic reaction converts BP into highly reactive, short-lived biotin-phenoxyl radicals that covalently attach to endogenous proteins within a small labeling radius of the GP73-APEX2 enzyme. Subsequently, the cells were quenched, and biotinylated proteins were enriched using high-affinity streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. The captured “neighbor” proteins were subjected to on-bead digestion and analyzed via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for high-throughput identification. Rigorous bioinformatics analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and protein-protein interaction network mapping, was performed to interpret the biological significance of the identified candidates. ResultsOur results demonstrate the successful establishment of a robust and sensitive APEX2-based proximity labeling system for GP73. We identified a total of 95 high-confidence interacting proteins that were significantly enriched in the GP73 proximity proteome compared to control groups. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these interactors were predominantly associated with biological processes such as vesicular transport, protein localization, and, most notably, molecular functions related to “ribosome binding” and “translation regulation”. This suggested an unexpected role for the Golgi-resident GP73 in the cellular translation machinery. To validate these findings, we performed targeted biochemical assays which confirmed a direct interaction between GP73 and the subunits of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) complex, specifically EIF3G and EIF3I. Furthermore, functional validation using the surface sensing of translation (SUnSET) assay—a non-radioactive method to monitor protein synthesis—revealed that the overexpression of GP73 significantly promoted global protein translation levels in the cell, whereas its depletion or inhibition resulted in reduced translation efficiency. ConclusionThis study successfully utilized APEX2-mediated proximity labeling to provide the first systematic map of GP73 interactome in living cells. Our findings uncover a novel, unconventional function of GP73 as a regulator of cellular protein translation, likely mediated through its interaction with the eIF3 complex. This discovery significantly broadens our understanding of the biological roles of GP73 beyond its traditional function in the Golgi apparatus and suggests that it may act as a bridge between Golgi-related trafficking and the protein synthesis machinery. Furthermore, the technical framework established in this study provides a valuable template for investigating other complex organelle-associated protein networks and resolving transient macromolecular interactions in various physiological and pathological contexts.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genotype-phenotype correlation in a Chinese family with structural brain abnormalities due to variant of the TUBB gene. METHODS: A family undergoing prenatal diagnosis at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in October 2024 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data were collected. Amniotic fluid sample was subjected to chromosomal copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq). Trio whole-exome sequencing (Trio-WES) was carried out on the amniotic fluid and parental blood samples, and candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital (Ethics No.: 2023-KY-076-01). RESULTS: Both prenatal ultrasound and fetal MRI showed deviation of brain midline, unilateral lateral ventriculomegaly, and bilateral gyral asymmetry. Trio-WES revealed that the fetus has harbored a maternally derived heterozygous missense variant of the TUBB gene [NM_178014.4: c.155A>G (p.N52S)]. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the woman and a previously terminated fetus both harbored the same variant. Both the proband and two fetuses exhibited similar neuroimaging abnormalities including midline deviation and asymmetrical gyri. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as likely pathogenic (PM2_Supporting+PS2_Moderate+PS3). CONCLUSION The heterozygous c.155A>G (p.N52S) variant was the TUBB gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of the structural brain abnormalities in this family. Above findings have expanded the phenotypic spectrum associated with the variant and facilitated the prenatal diagnosis for this family.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Tubulin/genetics* ; Adult ; Brain/diagnostic imaging* ; Male ; Pedigree ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics* ; Exome Sequencing ; Genetic Association Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA） rs2010963 and rs3025039 polymorphisms on chemotherapy toxicities and clinical prognosis in children with brain tumors. MethodsA total of 104 pediatric patients with brain tumors receiving standardized chemotherapy were enrolled. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used for VEGFA rs2010963 and rs3025039 genotyping. The χ² test was applied to analyze the association between genotypes and chemotherapy‑related toxicities. Cox regression was used to evaluate the correlations of clinicopathological characteristics and genotypes with the progression‑free survival （PFS）. In addition， bioinformatic analyses were conducted to investigate the regulatory factors potentially affected by the two SNP loci. ResultsThe VEGFA expression in brain tumors （5.17±1.81） was significantly higher than that in normal tissues （4.33±1.56， P<0.001）. Patients with high VEGFA expression had significantly worse overall survival than patients with low VEGFA expression （P<0.001）. Among the 104 children with brain tumors included， the rs2010963 CC， CG， and GG genotypes accounted for 14.42%， 55.77%， and 29.81%， respectively. The frequencies of C and G alleles were 42.31% and 57.69%， respectively. The rs3025039 CC， CT， and TT genotypes accounted for 70.19%， 25.96%， and 3.85%， respectively. The frequencies of C and T alleles were 83.17% and 16.83%， respectively. The children with the rs3025039 CC genotype had significantly higher incidences of thrombocytopenia （46.58%） and gastrointestinal toxicity （56.16%） than CT genotype carriers （22.22% and 33.33%， respectively， P<0.05）， and significantly lower incidences of coagulation disorders （4.11%） than TT genotype carriers （50.00%， P<0.05）.The incidence of hyperlipidemia （2.74%） was significantly lower than that in the CT genotype carriers （14.82%， P<0.05）. The tumor type and the rs2010963 genotype were significantly associated with PFS （P<0.05） in univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the rs2010963 and rs3025039 polymorphisms regulated VEGFA expression by affecting the binding of transcription factors and miRNAs to their target gene sequences， respectively. ConclusionThe VEGFA rs3025039 CC genotype is a risk factor for thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal toxicity， and a protective factor for coagulation disorders and hyperlipidemia. The rs2010963 CG genotype is a protective factor for brain tumor progression.

Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.