Objective Analysing the risk factors for the occurrence of pre-frailty or frailty of the community elderly in Chengdu and constructing a risk prediction model.Methods The general information questionnaire,MNA-SF scale,Changsha version of the MoCA scale,PSQI scale,FRAIL scale,and Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Scale for the elderly were used in the cross-sectional survey.A total of 400 elderly people who completed community physical examinations in Chengdu from April 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects.Based on multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the independent influencing factors were determined,and RStudio software was used to construct a risk prediction model nomogram.The physical examination data of 200 elderly people collected in Deyang City from June 2023 to October 2023 were used for external verification.The area under the ROC curve,Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration curve,and decision curve were used to evaluate the discrimination,calibration,and clinical practicability of the model.Results Age,abdominal circumference,number of chronic diseases,PSQI score,allergy history,and balanced constitution were independent influencing factors for pre-frailty/frailty in the elderly in the community(P<0.05),and the regression equation was as follows:Logit(P)=0.063×age+0.025×abdominal circumference-1.006×allergy history+0.300×number of chronic diseases+0.082×PSQI-1.013×balanced constitution-8.269.The area under the ROC curve of the modeling group was 0.779(95%CI:0.733-0.825),the sensitivity was 67.1%,the specificity was 76.3%,and the maximum Youden index was 0.434.The area under the ROC curve of the external validation group was 0.783(95%CI:0.709-0.856),the sensitivity was 62.0%,the specificity was 95.0%,and the maximum Youden index was 0.570.The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test results of the two groups were χ2=3.285,P=0.915 and χ2=8.376,P=0.398,and the calibration curve fit was good.DCA showed that the threshold probability of clinical benefit was 5%-99%and 21%-98%.Conclusions The pre-frailty/frailty risk prediction model established in this study has good predictive efficacy for the elderly in the community,and the use of this model for screening and early intervention of high-risk populations can be clinically beneficial.

Iron overload refers to the pathological state in which the iron content in the body exceeds physiological requirements,Resultsing in the deposition of iron in the organs.Iron overload mouse models are an important tool for the study of iron metabolism disorders and related diseases.This paper summarizes the commonly used modeling method used in the construction of iron overload mouse models,which mainly comprise two categories.(1)exogenous iron overload mouse models,constructed through supplementation with extraenteral iron(injected iron)or intraintestinal iron(oral iron);(2)spontaneous iron overload models,constructed by screening for specific mouse lines or modifying iron metabolism-related genes.The method involving extraenteral iron supplementation has a short modeling duration and a high success rate,making it suitable for single and composite iron overload models.However,the high iron absorption rate may cause toxic reactions;thus,the optimal dose needs to be determined in advance.By contrast,intraintestinal iron supplementation is simple and safe,but has a low iron absorption rate and a long modeling duration.The spontaneous iron overload model is mainly used for specific genetic research studies,which are complex and involve high costs.The various modeling method offer diverse research pathways,spanning from molecular to systemic levels.This diversity is conducive to gaining an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying iron overload and provides an experimental basis for the development of new treatments.

Background:Obesity has been confirmed as one of the risk factors for gastric cancer.Obesity can affect hormone levels,but studies on the impact of obesity-related hormones on gastric cancer are limited in China.Aims:To investigate the effects of obesity-related hormones on cardia gastric cancer(CGC)and non-cardia gastric cancer(NCGC).Methods:This case-control study included 316 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer at the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from July 2021 to June 2024,while 632 individuals who underwent physical examination during the same period were enrolled as the control group.According to the location of cancer,gastric cancer patients were divided into CGC and NCGC groups.General data and obesity-related hormone levels were compared among the three groups.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for CGC and NCGC stratified by gender.Results:Compared with the control group,the levels of C-peptide and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)in both CGC and NCGC groups were significantly increased(all P<0.05),while the dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA)level was significantly decreased(all P<0.05).The levels of leptin and sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG)in CGC group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Compared with NCGC group,CGC group showed significantly higher levels of C-peptide,IGF-1,leptin and SHBG(all P<0.05),and significantly lower level of DHEA(P<0.05).Risk factors for male CGC included obesity,history of digestive system diseases,family history of gastric cancer,irregular meals,consumption of pickled food≥3 times/week,consumption of hot food≥3 times/week,smoking,Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection,IGF-1≥250 ng/mL,leptin≥7 μg/L,DHEA<15 nmol/L,and SHBG≥80 mmol/L(all P<0.05),while education duration≥9 years was a protective factor(P<0.05).For female CGC,risk factors were history of digestive system diseases,family history of gastric cancer,irregular meals,consumption of pickled food≥3 times/week,smoking,Hp infection,C-peptide≥400 pmol/L,and IGF-1≥250 ng/mL(all P<0.05),while consumption of vegetables≥1 time/day and fruits≥3 times/week were protective factors(all P<0.05).For male NCGC,risk factors included history of mental illness,family history of gastric cancer,meat consumption≥3 times/week,smoking,alcohol drinking,Hp infection,and IGF-1≥250 ng/mL(all P<0.05),while education duration≥9 years and preference for light taste were protective factors(all P<0.05).For female NCGC,risk factors included family history of gastric cancer,irregular meals,consumption of fried food≥3 times/week,Hp infection,and C-peptide≥400 pmol/L(all P<0.05),while vegetables consumption≥1 time/day,fruits consumption≥3 times/week,and tea drinking were protective factors(all P<0.05).Conclusions:Some obesity-related hormones might have significant effects on the development of gastric cancer.

Background:Obesity has been confirmed as one of the risk factors for gastric cancer.Obesity can affect hormone levels,but studies on the impact of obesity-related hormones on gastric cancer are limited in China.Aims:To investigate the effects of obesity-related hormones on cardia gastric cancer(CGC)and non-cardia gastric cancer(NCGC).Methods:This case-control study included 316 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer at the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from July 2021 to June 2024,while 632 individuals who underwent physical examination during the same period were enrolled as the control group.According to the location of cancer,gastric cancer patients were divided into CGC and NCGC groups.General data and obesity-related hormone levels were compared among the three groups.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for CGC and NCGC stratified by gender.Results:Compared with the control group,the levels of C-peptide and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)in both CGC and NCGC groups were significantly increased(all P<0.05),while the dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA)level was significantly decreased(all P<0.05).The levels of leptin and sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG)in CGC group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Compared with NCGC group,CGC group showed significantly higher levels of C-peptide,IGF-1,leptin and SHBG(all P<0.05),and significantly lower level of DHEA(P<0.05).Risk factors for male CGC included obesity,history of digestive system diseases,family history of gastric cancer,irregular meals,consumption of pickled food≥3 times/week,consumption of hot food≥3 times/week,smoking,Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection,IGF-1≥250 ng/mL,leptin≥7 μg/L,DHEA<15 nmol/L,and SHBG≥80 mmol/L(all P<0.05),while education duration≥9 years was a protective factor(P<0.05).For female CGC,risk factors were history of digestive system diseases,family history of gastric cancer,irregular meals,consumption of pickled food≥3 times/week,smoking,Hp infection,C-peptide≥400 pmol/L,and IGF-1≥250 ng/mL(all P<0.05),while consumption of vegetables≥1 time/day and fruits≥3 times/week were protective factors(all P<0.05).For male NCGC,risk factors included history of mental illness,family history of gastric cancer,meat consumption≥3 times/week,smoking,alcohol drinking,Hp infection,and IGF-1≥250 ng/mL(all P<0.05),while education duration≥9 years and preference for light taste were protective factors(all P<0.05).For female NCGC,risk factors included family history of gastric cancer,irregular meals,consumption of fried food≥3 times/week,Hp infection,and C-peptide≥400 pmol/L(all P<0.05),while vegetables consumption≥1 time/day,fruits consumption≥3 times/week,and tea drinking were protective factors(all P<0.05).Conclusions:Some obesity-related hormones might have significant effects on the development of gastric cancer.

Iron overload refers to the pathological state in which the iron content in the body exceeds physiological requirements,Resultsing in the deposition of iron in the organs.Iron overload mouse models are an important tool for the study of iron metabolism disorders and related diseases.This paper summarizes the commonly used modeling method used in the construction of iron overload mouse models,which mainly comprise two categories.(1)exogenous iron overload mouse models,constructed through supplementation with extraenteral iron(injected iron)or intraintestinal iron(oral iron);(2)spontaneous iron overload models,constructed by screening for specific mouse lines or modifying iron metabolism-related genes.The method involving extraenteral iron supplementation has a short modeling duration and a high success rate,making it suitable for single and composite iron overload models.However,the high iron absorption rate may cause toxic reactions;thus,the optimal dose needs to be determined in advance.By contrast,intraintestinal iron supplementation is simple and safe,but has a low iron absorption rate and a long modeling duration.The spontaneous iron overload model is mainly used for specific genetic research studies,which are complex and involve high costs.The various modeling method offer diverse research pathways,spanning from molecular to systemic levels.This diversity is conducive to gaining an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying iron overload and provides an experimental basis for the development of new treatments.

Objective Analysing the risk factors for the occurrence of pre-frailty or frailty of the community elderly in Chengdu and constructing a risk prediction model.Methods The general information questionnaire,MNA-SF scale,Changsha version of the MoCA scale,PSQI scale,FRAIL scale,and Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Scale for the elderly were used in the cross-sectional survey.A total of 400 elderly people who completed community physical examinations in Chengdu from April 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects.Based on multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the independent influencing factors were determined,and RStudio software was used to construct a risk prediction model nomogram.The physical examination data of 200 elderly people collected in Deyang City from June 2023 to October 2023 were used for external verification.The area under the ROC curve,Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration curve,and decision curve were used to evaluate the discrimination,calibration,and clinical practicability of the model.Results Age,abdominal circumference,number of chronic diseases,PSQI score,allergy history,and balanced constitution were independent influencing factors for pre-frailty/frailty in the elderly in the community(P<0.05),and the regression equation was as follows:Logit(P)=0.063×age+0.025×abdominal circumference-1.006×allergy history+0.300×number of chronic diseases+0.082×PSQI-1.013×balanced constitution-8.269.The area under the ROC curve of the modeling group was 0.779(95%CI:0.733-0.825),the sensitivity was 67.1%,the specificity was 76.3%,and the maximum Youden index was 0.434.The area under the ROC curve of the external validation group was 0.783(95%CI:0.709-0.856),the sensitivity was 62.0%,the specificity was 95.0%,and the maximum Youden index was 0.570.The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test results of the two groups were χ2=3.285,P=0.915 and χ2=8.376,P=0.398,and the calibration curve fit was good.DCA showed that the threshold probability of clinical benefit was 5%-99%and 21%-98%.Conclusions The pre-frailty/frailty risk prediction model established in this study has good predictive efficacy for the elderly in the community,and the use of this model for screening and early intervention of high-risk populations can be clinically beneficial.

Objective:To assess the efficiency of modified enrichment method for cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) through purified superparamagnetic beads during non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).Methods:A total of 26 252 pregnant women undergoing NIPT at the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Haidian District from December 2017 to September 2022 were recruited and randomly assigned into the conventional group ( n = 10 573) and the modified enrichment group ( n = 15 679), who were then subjected to the screening and enrichment of the cffDNA using a conventional and modified technique, respectively. High-risk pregnant women detected by NIPT were subjected to invasive prenatal diagnosis. All women were followed up for their pregnancy outcomes, and the detection efficacy of the two methods was compared in terms of fragment size, concentration of cffDNA, duplicate detection rate, and indices of clinical laboratory tests. Results:The fragment size of the main peak of the cell-free DNA library of the modified enrichment group was significantly lower than that of the conventional group [267 (264, 269) bp vs. 294 (292, 296) bp, P<0.01], while the concentration of cffDNA was significantly higher [21.86% (17.61%, 26.36%) vs. 9.08% (6.87%, 11.87%), P<0.01]. In addition, the duplicate detection rate (0.740% vs. 2.02%, χ2=83.90, P<0.01) and detection failure rate (0.006% vs. 0.057%, P<0.05) in the modified enrichment group were significantly lower than those of the conventional group. The combined positive predictive value (PPV) in both high-risk (64.3% vs. 76.1%) and low-risk (35.3% vs. 45.5%) pregnant women from the modified enrichment group was slightly lower than those from the conventional group, though no significant difference was detected. There was one false negative case for trisomy 21 among the high-risk pregnant women from the conventional group, and no false negative case was found in the modified enrichment group. Conclusion:The modified technique to screen and enrich the cffDNA has significantly enhanced the relative concentration of cffDNA and reduced the failure and duplication detection rate of NIPT, which has significantly reduced the incidence of false negative cases due to the low concentration of cffDNA, and greatly increased the overall detection efficacy of NIPT.

To summarize the nursing experience of a patient with severe pneumonia complicated with hypopituitarism.Key points of nursing:perform airway management and improve oxygenation index;implementing goal-oriented nutrition support programmes to improve nutritional status;continuously preventing and monitoring the occurrence of pituitary crisis;carrying out early lung rehabilitation training combining traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine;delivering continuity of care to improve disease management capacity.After 24 days of careful treatment and nursing,the patient gets better and was discharged.

The nursing care of a case of Sheehan syndrome with infection and combined with diabetic ketoacidosis was summarized.To improve prognosis of the disease and guarantee patient's safety,key points of nursing care are as following:sufficient early liquid resuscitation and target-oriented management of blood glucose to correct internal environment disorder;dynamic monitoring of condition,implementing hormone replacement therapy by stages to prevent pituitary crises;to measure the mental state and implement cluster intervention measures to prevent infection worsening;regular follow-up and disease education to improve patients'disease self-management ability.After positive treatment and careful nursing care,no serious complications occurred,blood glucose was controlled well,and the case was in stable conditions and was discharged.

[Objective]To explore the guiding significance of the abdominal syndrome described in the Fuzheng Qilan(FuKushokiran-Zen) on the clinical application of various kinds of Guishao Decoctions,and explore the corresponding relation of medicine-abdomen syndrome in Fuzheng Qilan(FuKushokiran-Zen),so as to provide reference for the clinical differential use of Guishao Decoctions.[Methods]Sort out the discussion of abdominal syndrome involving Guishao Decoctions,classify and summarize the abdominal syndrome of various kinds of Guishao Decoctions,summarize the basis of abdominal diagnosis of Guizhi(Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Shaoyao(Paeonia lactiflora),and explore the corresponding relationship between abdominal syndrome and the addition and subtraction of Guishao Decoctions.[Results]The Guishao Decoction involved in Fuzheng Qilan(FuKushokiran-Zen) can be divided into warming Yang,nourishing Yin,and nourishing Yin and Yang according to its efficacy,and all parties have their detailed records of abdominal syndrome.Abdominal throbbing and abdominal cramps are the characteristic abdominal syndromes of Guishao Decoctions.Clinically,it can be used based on different abdominal syndromes and their corresponding relationships with prescriptions,with Guizhi Decoction as the base.[Conclusion]As a monograph on abdominal diagnosis of Japanese Kampo medicine,Fuzheng Qilan(FuKushokiran-Zen) has in-depth research on clinical syndrome differentiation,reflecting the diagnosis and treatment characteristics of Kampo doctors "emphasizing practice and neglecting theory".The book inherits the idea of "relative medicine and syndrome" of Yoshitomo Higashito,and specifies "syndrome" as "abdominal syndrome" to guide clinical prescription and medication,which is widely used by later Japanese doctors and worthy of excavation and research.