Objective To explore the change of thyroid hormones and leptin at hyperuricemia (HUA)/gout.Methods A total of 96 primary gouts,65 HUAs,and 59 healthy examiners was selected.Height,weight,blood pressure,renal function,serum uric acid(SUA),glucose,lipid profiles,insulin,thyroid hormones were measured after an overnight fast.Results (1) The prevalence of subhypothyriodism at gout and HUA was 7.29％ and 15.38％,respectively.They were higher than that at healthy subjects.(2) Body mass index (BMI),systolic blood pressure (SBP),triglyceride (TG),cholesterol (CHO),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),fasting insulin (FINS),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),and serum leptin level were increased remarkably at gout/hyperuricemia relative to control group,whereas,free thyroid hormone (FT4) was decreased.(4) In the gout and hyperuricemia groups,TSH was used as the dependent variable for the linear multivariate regression analysis,the results showed that sex,age,BMI,SUA,FT4,HOMA-IR,and Leptin were included in the regression equation of TSH (βwere-0.27,0.832,0.946,0.198,-0.942,0.895,and 0.650,respectively).Conclusions The prevalence of subhypothyroidism in primary gout/hyperuricemia was increased.Female,age,BMI,SUA,FT4,HOMA-IR,and leptin were the independent risk factors.Insulin resistant and leptin played the media roles in the gout/HUA and hypothyroidism.