Iron overload refers to the pathological state in which the iron content in the body exceeds physiological requirements,Resultsing in the deposition of iron in the organs.Iron overload mouse models are an important tool for the study of iron metabolism disorders and related diseases.This paper summarizes the commonly used modeling method used in the construction of iron overload mouse models,which mainly comprise two categories.(1)exogenous iron overload mouse models,constructed through supplementation with extraenteral iron(injected iron)or intraintestinal iron(oral iron);(2)spontaneous iron overload models,constructed by screening for specific mouse lines or modifying iron metabolism-related genes.The method involving extraenteral iron supplementation has a short modeling duration and a high success rate,making it suitable for single and composite iron overload models.However,the high iron absorption rate may cause toxic reactions;thus,the optimal dose needs to be determined in advance.By contrast,intraintestinal iron supplementation is simple and safe,but has a low iron absorption rate and a long modeling duration.The spontaneous iron overload model is mainly used for specific genetic research studies,which are complex and involve high costs.The various modeling method offer diverse research pathways,spanning from molecular to systemic levels.This diversity is conducive to gaining an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying iron overload and provides an experimental basis for the development of new treatments.

Objective To investigate the value of MRI of the sternal end of clavicle in bone age assessment in Chinese population,especially its applicability in the determination of criminal responsible age.Methods A total of 431 patients aged from 10.00 to 29.99 years with neck or chest MRI were retrospectively collected.According to the Schmeling grading method,the epiphyseal development of the clavicle MRI was divided into five grades.The consistency of methods was evaluated.The correlation and general descriptive analysis between MRI grades and age was analyzed.The sex difference was analyzed.Curve fitting was used to establish a nonlinear model between age and grades.Results The grades of clavicle MRI showed a significant age-related trend(Figure 2),and the correlation was 0.861(0.887 in males and 0.840 in females).Except for grade 1,there was no significant difference between males and females in other grades.The minimum age of male grade 3 was greater than 14 years old,and the minimum age of female grade 3 was greater than 16 years old.The minimum age in grade 4 and grade 5 was over 18 years old in both sexes.The best curve fitting model was cubic model for both sexes(R2=0.805 for men and 0.722 for women).Conclusion Clavicle MRI can be used for the assessment of bone age in Chinese population.Complete epiphyseal plate closure can be used as a reliable indicator for the determination of age at 18 years old,and it is expected to achieve radiation-free forensic bone age assessment.

Iron overload refers to the pathological state in which the iron content in the body exceeds physiological requirements,Resultsing in the deposition of iron in the organs.Iron overload mouse models are an important tool for the study of iron metabolism disorders and related diseases.This paper summarizes the commonly used modeling method used in the construction of iron overload mouse models,which mainly comprise two categories.(1)exogenous iron overload mouse models,constructed through supplementation with extraenteral iron(injected iron)or intraintestinal iron(oral iron);(2)spontaneous iron overload models,constructed by screening for specific mouse lines or modifying iron metabolism-related genes.The method involving extraenteral iron supplementation has a short modeling duration and a high success rate,making it suitable for single and composite iron overload models.However,the high iron absorption rate may cause toxic reactions;thus,the optimal dose needs to be determined in advance.By contrast,intraintestinal iron supplementation is simple and safe,but has a low iron absorption rate and a long modeling duration.The spontaneous iron overload model is mainly used for specific genetic research studies,which are complex and involve high costs.The various modeling method offer diverse research pathways,spanning from molecular to systemic levels.This diversity is conducive to gaining an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying iron overload and provides an experimental basis for the development of new treatments.

Objective To investigate the value of MRI of the sternal end of clavicle in bone age assessment in Chinese population,especially its applicability in the determination of criminal responsible age.Methods A total of 431 patients aged from 10.00 to 29.99 years with neck or chest MRI were retrospectively collected.According to the Schmeling grading method,the epiphyseal development of the clavicle MRI was divided into five grades.The consistency of methods was evaluated.The correlation and general descriptive analysis between MRI grades and age was analyzed.The sex difference was analyzed.Curve fitting was used to establish a nonlinear model between age and grades.Results The grades of clavicle MRI showed a significant age-related trend(Figure 2),and the correlation was 0.861(0.887 in males and 0.840 in females).Except for grade 1,there was no significant difference between males and females in other grades.The minimum age of male grade 3 was greater than 14 years old,and the minimum age of female grade 3 was greater than 16 years old.The minimum age in grade 4 and grade 5 was over 18 years old in both sexes.The best curve fitting model was cubic model for both sexes(R2=0.805 for men and 0.722 for women).Conclusion Clavicle MRI can be used for the assessment of bone age in Chinese population.Complete epiphyseal plate closure can be used as a reliable indicator for the determination of age at 18 years old,and it is expected to achieve radiation-free forensic bone age assessment.

Objective To propose a regression tree model for the estimation of blood pressure using the minimalist characteristics of photoplethysmography(PPG)signals.Methods Fifteen characteristic parameters were extracted from the PPG signals,and the 4 parameters with the highest correlations with blood pressure were screened using the Spearman correlation coefficient to construct a regression tree model for blood pressure estimation using the minimalist characteristics.Results The estimation errors of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the constructed model were(-0.02±3.63)mmHg and(-0.04±2.10)mmHg,respectively.Conclusion The proposed regression tree model has a simple structure and high accuracy,which is of great significance for using a single-channel PPG signal for blood pressure estimation in wearable devices.

Objective:To explore the symptoms in cervical cancer patients during concurrent chemoradiotherapy, identify symptom clusters, and analyze their influencing factors, so as to provide reference for developing precise symptom management strategies.Methods:From March 2022 to March 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 240 cervical cancer patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy at the Cancer Center of People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as the research subject. Patients were surveyed using a General Information Questionnaire and the Chinese version of the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-C). Symptom clusters were extracted through exploratory factor analysis, and multiple linear regression was used to explore the influencing factors of the severity of symptom clusters.Results:A total of 240 questionnaires were distributed, and 234 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 97.50% (234/240). The 5 symptoms with a high incidence in 234 patients with cervical cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy were fatigue, restless sleep, nausea, decreased appetite, and vomiting. The 4 symptom clusters identified by exploratory factor analysis were fatigue related symptom cluster, gastrointestinal related symptom cluster, emotional related symptom cluster, and somatic related symptom cluster. Age, educational level, tumor staging, complications, medical insurance type, and pathological type were the influencing factors for the occurrence of symptom clusters ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Cervical cancer patients experience multiple symptoms during concurrent chemoradiotherapy, which are interrelated and mutually influencing, often in the form of symptom clusters, with fatigue related symptom clusters being severe. Medical and nursing staff should focus on the core symptoms that play a leading role, develop targeted symptom cluster intervention plans based on the core symptoms of fatigue, improve symptom management efficiency and patient quality of life.

Pear is one of the main fruits with thousands of years of cultivation history in China. There are more than 2000 varieties of pear cultivars around the world, including more than 1200 varieties or cultivars in China (Legrand et al., 2016). Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is an important pear production region in China with 30 of varieties or cultivars. Pyrus sinkiangensis is the most popular variety, which is mainly distributed in Xinjiang (Zhou et al., 2018). Chlorogenic acid (CGA), p-coumaric acid, and arbutin are the main polyphenols in pear fruit, and their levels show great differences among different varieties (Li et al., 2014). CGA is a potential chemo-preventive agent, which possesses many important bioactivities including antioxidant, diabetes attenuating, and anti-obesity (Wang et al., 2021). Therefore, the specific CGA content of a variety is considered the embodiment of the functional nutritional value of pears.
Chlorogenic Acid ; Fruit ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Pyrus/genetics* ; Transcriptome

Objective:To study the effect of changing operator on the detection rate of colorectal polyps during surgery in patients who had been diagnosed with colorectal polyps by electronic colonoscopy for the first time.Methods:From June 2016 to June 2019, the patients who had been diagnosed with colorectal polyps by electronic colonoscopy for the first time, they were performed by electronic colonoscopy for the second time after 3 months by 5 doctors in the No.946 Hospital of PLA who had engaged in endoscopic work longer and been with rich experience. The results of the electronic colonoscopy were recorded and compared.Results:Fived hundred and seventy-six patients were found have colorectal polyps through electronic colonoscopy for the first time. Among them, 423 patients came to the hospital within 3 months and were eligibled for the research. The detection rate of newly detected polyps by the same operator was 22.7%(96/423), after changing the operator, the detection rate became 24.3% (103/423), but there was no significant difference ( P>0.05). The detection rates of newly detected polyps were respectively 20.8% (220/1 059) and 25.9%(294/1 133), the proportion of newly detected polyps with diameter ≤ 5 mm was respectively 73.6%(162/220) and 82.0%(241/294), the ratio of flat polyps to total newly detected polyps was 71.8%(158/220) and 79.9%(235/294), and there were significant differences ( P<0.05). The proportion of polyps in sigmoid colon was respectively 35.0% (77/220) and 39.1%(115/294), and there was no significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:For patients with colorectal polyps detected by electronic colonoscopy, the operator should be changed during surgery, so that more missed polyps can be detected during surgery, especially flat polyps with diameter ≤ 5 mm. The operator should be changed to improve the detection rate and reduce the probability of missed diagnosis.

To evaluate the optimal administration frequency for interferon-α (IFN-α) and the effect of its combined use with inactive virus on chicken flocks, the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-22b-ChIFN-α was constructed and transferred into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) host bacteria to induce the expression of chicken IFN-α and to harvest recombinant proteins inclusion bodies. The expression of recombinant chicken IFN-α was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and the results demonstrated that the chicken IFN-α (20 kDa) was highly expressed using the prokaryotic expression vector with a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL in the medium. Chicken IFN-α was diluted to 2.5×10⁴ U/fowls and administered to immunized specific-pathogen-free chickens orally in combination with inactivated H9N2 subtype influenza virus. Chicken that received chicken IFN-α were safe after three repeated immunizations (96 h). In addition, chicken IFN-α could induce higher levels of antiviral-related inducible genes in peripheral blood, spleen, and thymus of chicken flocks. The results of a challenge assay revealed that the lowest detoxification rates of chicken IFN-α ranged from three to five days, suggesting a higher capacity to resist H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus. The present study obtained the optimal immune frequency and immunization period for chicken IFN-α to provide theoretical support for the optimal clinical application of IFN-α.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chickens ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ; Interferon-alpha ; Virus Replication

The HA gene of H9N2 influenza virus (A/chicken/Hunan/04.14 (H9N2)) was amplified and sequenced. The RNA was synthesized by in vitro transcription. The RNA transcription solutions were diluted to 10⁹ copies/μL using the RNA storage solution. The aliquoted RNA solutions were used to evaluate the homogeneity and stability. The results were determined by the average value obtained from four independent laboratories. Furthermore, the fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method was also developed to verify the detection accuracy of clinical samples. The detection limit of this method is approximately 10 copies. Taken together, the RNA transcription solution established in our study can used as positive standard reference for rapid detection of H9N2 influenza virus.