BackgroundFamily functioning is one of the factors influencing non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders. Previous studies have treated family functioning as a unitary construct， which may obscure the differential impacts of specific dimensions on NSSI behaviors. ObjectiveTo explore the relationships between various dimensions of family functioning and NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders， aiming to provide precise targets for family-based interventions for adolescents with depressive disorders who exhibit NSSI behaviors. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study， 217 adolescent patients who were treated at the outpatient or inpatient department of The First Psychiatric Hospital of Harbin from January to July 2025 and met the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders as stipulated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） were included as the research subjects. Assessments included a self-designed questionnaire， the Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）， and the Family Assessment Device （FAD）. Univariate Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the association between each dimension of family functioning and the NSSI behaviors， and multivariate Logistic regression was used to test the independent effect of each dimension of family functioning on the NSSI behaviors. ResultsA total of 204 cases （94.01%） of adolescent patients with depressive disorders completed the valid questionnaire survey. Among them， 134 cases （65.69%） exhibited NSSI behaviors （NSSI group）， and 70 cases （34.31%） did not exhibit NSSI behaviors （non-NSSI group）. Compared with the non-NSSI group， the NSSI group had a higher HAMD-17 score ［（20.97±7.50） vs. （17.79±6.95）， t=8.705， P=0.004］， a higher FAD total score ［（155.68±21.84） vs. （148.87±22.72）， t=4.348， P=0.038］， and a higher problem-solving dimension score ［（2.54±0.49） vs. （2.34±0.51）， t=7.399， P=0.007］. All the differences were statistically significant. The results of the Logistic regression analysis showed that the FAD total score （OR=1.014， 95% CI： 1.001–1.028， P=0.041） and the problem-solving dimension score （OR=2.241， 95% CI： 1.228–4.090， P=0.009） were both risk factors for NSSI behaviors. After adjusting for gender， age， residence， educational level， monthly family income， and whether being an only child， the correlation between the FAD total score and NSSI behaviors was not statistically significant （OR=1.010， 95% CI： 0.995–1.025， P=0.185）， while the correlation between the FAD problem-solving dimension score and NSSI behaviors remained statistically significant （OR=2.000， 95% CI： 1.028–3.889， P=0.041）. ConclusionImpaired problem-solving capacity within family functioning may constitute a risk factor for NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders. ［Funded by Research Project of Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission （number， 20240303090148， 20230303090154）］

ObjectiveTo verify the technical feasibility and safety of partial nephrectomy in experimental pigs using a single-port endoscopic surgical robot in a transcontinental ultra-remote environment spanning 13 000 km with an average network delay of 204 ms, and to explore a dynamic combined anesthesia strategy that can effectively prevent intraoperative body movement in animals. MethodsThe research team used one experimental pig in Shanghai, China, and one in Orlando, the United States, and performed bidirectional remote surgery using the same model of single-port endoscopic surgical robot system. The anesthesia regimen included preoperative administration of 0.02 mg/kg dexmedetomidine hydrochloride and 0.05 mg/kg fentanyl citrate for combined sedation and analgesia. During remote surgery, according to the animal's reflex activity, pain response, and train-of-four stimulation (TOF) count results, vecuronium bromide was continuously infused at an initial rate of 0.04 mg·kg^-1·h^-1, and the dose was dynamically adjusted. Together with isoflurane inhalation anesthesia, the animal was maintained in a deep neuromuscular block state (TOF=0) to prevent intraoperative body movement. In addition, heart rate, blood pressure, muscle relaxation, and other indicators were monitored throughout the operation. ResultsSurgical operations were successfully performed at both sites, and the network delay remained stable at 202-208 ms. There was no data packet loss and no robot equipment failure. The vital signs of the experimental animal in Shanghai, China, remained stable, with zero body movement throughout the operation. Intraoperative blood loss was controllable, and no abnormal bleeding occurred. ConclusionIn transcontinental ultra-remote robotic surgery with inherent network delay, a dynamically adjusted anesthesia strategy can effectively avoid accidental bleeding caused by animal body movement and reduce the risks associated with network latency, thereby verifying the feasibility of this technical approach. In the future, it will be necessary to build a real-time cross-regional physiological data synchronization platform, standardize anesthesia protocols for animals undergoing remote surgery, and provide a technical basis for clinical translation to human trials.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of omphalocele, and to assess the risk factors associated with adverse outcomes.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Clinical data of 224 patients diagnosed with omphalocele, who were hospitalized at Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2013 to December 2022, were collected. Based on their discharge outcomes, the patients were classified into 2 groups: favorable outcomes and unfavorable outcomes. Chi-square test or continuity correction χ2 test or Fisher exact probability method, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for intergroup comparisons. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with adverse outcomes in omphalocele. Results:Among the 224 patients with omphalocele, 126 were male. A total of 208 patients (92.9%) had favorable outcomes, while 16 patients (7.1%) had unfavorable outcomes. In the unfavorable outcomes group, 14 patients had giant omphaloceles, while 100 patients had giant omphaloceles in the favorable outcomes group. The rates of herniation of more than two intra-abdominal organs in the hernial sac, congenital heart defects, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary hypertension, sepsis and infection of the hernial sac, were all higher in the unfavorable outcomes group compared to the favorable outcomes group (all P<0.05). Patients with unfavorable outcomes had longer mechanical ventilation time, duration of oxygen use, duration of parenteral nutrition, hospital stays, and higher rates of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis compared to those with favorable outcomes (all P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that pulmonary hypertension ( OR=9.39, 95% CI 1.20-73.32), sepsis ( OR=8.59, 95% CI 1.32-55.86), and congenital heart defects ( OR=6.55, 95% CI 1.11-38.73) were all independent risk factors for adverse outcomes in omphalocele (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Infants with omphalocele are prone to complications such as cardiovascular malformations, infections, and pulmonary hypertension. Adverse outcomes in omphalocele are associated with pulmonary hypertension, sepsis, and congenital heart defects.

Objective: To analyze the trend of the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yecheng County of Xinjiang from 2011 to 2022 and the influence of age, period and birth cohort effect on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, so as to provide a new theoretical reference for the prevention and control of local pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods : Based on the registration data of new pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Yecheng County, Xinjiang from 2011 to 2022, the connection point regression model was used to calculate the crude incidence rate, age-standardized incidence rate, annual percentage change(APC), and average annual percentage change(AAPC) to describe the epidemic trend of pulmonary tuberculosis. The age-period-cohort model was used to explore the influence of age, period and birth cohort effect on the trend of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. Results : From 2011 to 2022, a total of 17 057 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in Yecheng County, Xinjiang. The crude incidence and standardized incidence were 416.07/100 000 and 496.01/100 000, respectively. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis increased first and then decreased during the 12 years, with an upward trend from 2011 to 2018. The APC values of the standardized incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the total population, males and females were 24.42%(95%CI: 11.55-38.78), 27.24%(95%CI: 12.35-44.10) and 21.79%(95%CI: 9.81-35.09), respectively. From 2018 to 2022, there was a downward trend. The APC values of the standardized incidence of tuberculosis in the total population, males and females were-38.51%(95%CI:-53.27--19.09),-38.18%(95%CI:-54.59--15.85) and-38.73%(95%CI:-52.96--20.19), respectively. With the increase of age, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis showed a trend of rising first and then fluctuating steadily. The risk of the population increased first and then decreased over time, and the later the birth, the lower the risk of the cohort. Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yecheng County of Xinjiang showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing in the past 12 years, and gradually increased with age. The earlier the birth, the higher the risk of the disease. Men and the elderly are the key targets of tuberculosis prevention and control in Yecheng County, Xinjiang. It is recommended to strengthen the screening of key populations.

Background A diverse cohort of patients and susceptible individuals congregate in healthcare facilities, where exposure to pathogenic microorganisms associated with respiratory infectious diseases constitutes a significant risk factor for cross-infection. Central air-conditioning ventilation systems improve some indoor environment indicators while exacerbating the risk of transmission of respiratory infectious diseases. Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of microbial communities in the central air-conditioning ventilation systems of hospitals, providing a scientific basis for the selection of microbial indicators in hygiene standards for hospital central air-conditioning ventilation systems and for hospital risk early warning systems. Methods In October 2023, two central air-conditioning ventilation systems were selected from a Grade 3A hospital in Shanghai: one was an all-air air-conditioning system serving the waiting area on the ground floor, and the other was a fan coil plus fresh air system serving the outpatient area on the third floor. Samples from four different components of the ventilation systems—air outlets, filters, surface coolers, and condensate trays—were collected for high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to analyze bacterial communities. Alpha-diversity and beta-diversity analyses were performed to investigate the microbial community composition and diversity characteristics of the hospital central air-conditioning ventilation systems. Functional analysis was conducted to determine the relative abundance of bacterial functions in these systems.Results A total of 528 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified, encompassing 20 bacterial phyla, 37 classes, 79 orders, 123 families, and 240 genera. The analysis revealed that the bacterial community was predominantly composed of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadates, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. The diversity analysis indicated that bacterial community richness and diversity were highest in the condensate trays, while no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the bacterial community composition among the air outlets, filters, and surface coolers. The functional analysis showed that the bacterial communities in the central air-conditioning ventilation systems primarily exhibited chemoheterotrophic, oxidative energy-dependent heterotrophic, and ureolytic functional characteristics. Conclusion The dominance of Proteobacteria suggests that this phylum exhibits strong adaptability in the central air-conditioning ventilation systems, possibly related to its ability to survive and reproduce under varying environmental conditions. The diversity analysis indicates that the condensate tray is a critical area for bacterial proliferation in the central air-conditioning ventilation systems. The similarity in environmental conditions among the air outlets, filters, and surface coolers result in similar bacterial community structures. The functional analysis reveals that the bacterial communities possess robust energy conversion and metabolic capabilities, potentially contributing to processes such as organic matter decomposition and nitrogen cycling within the central air-conditioning ventilation systems.

Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system， and the “inflammation-to-cancer transformation” （ICT） of chronic hepatitis is the core pathological process of the progression of chronic hepatitis to liver cancer. Persistent and uncontrolled liver inflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis often leads to repeated liver tissue damage and repair， which gradually develops into liver fibrosis and cirrhosis， eventually leading to malignant transformation through the mechanisms such as gene mutation and microenvironment imbalance. ICT in chronic hepatitis is the key link between chronic hepatitis and liver cancer， and its dynamic evolution involves various pathogenic factors such as dampness， heat， deficiency， toxin， and stasis； among which damp-heat and vital energy deficiency are the initiating factors for ICT of chronic hepatitis， while intermingled stasis and toxin are the key pathological products that promote malignant transformation. Based on the concept of preventive treatment， traditional Chinese medicine can effectively delay and even block the ICT of chronic hepatitis by regulating inflammation， metabolism， and abnormal cell proliferation through multiple targets， which provides important strategies and research directions for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer.

Objective : To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Urumqi and assess the im⁃pact of the national health examination policy , as well as COVID⁃19 prevention and control measures , on tuberculo⁃sis incidence in Xinjiang. Methods: The seasonal patterns of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined using the seasonal index method and circular distribution analysis. An Interrupted Time Series (ITS , Interrupted Time Series) model was employed to investigate how the national health examination policy and COVID_19 interventions influenced trends in tuberculosis incidence in Urumqi. Results: From 2013 to 2021 , a total of 19 ,049 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Urumqi. The peak incidence day occurred on May 25th , indicating a consistently high rate throughout the year, particularly during spring and summer months. The results of the interrupted time series model indicated that the initial monthly incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Urumqi was 5. 05 per 100 ,000. From January 2013 to September 2016 , the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis showed a slow upward trend , and the upward trend was significant (β1 = 0. 039 ,P < 0. 05) . After the implementation of the universal health checkup policy , the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis showed a slow downward trend , and the downward trend was significant(β3 = - 0. 109 ,P < 0. 05) . After the outbreak of the COVID_19 epidemic in January 2020 , the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Urumqi first dropped rapidly and then entered a slow upward stage , and the upward trend was significant(β5 = 0. 082 , P < 0. 05) . Conclusion It is recommended that public health authorities prioritize timely identification of potential TB patients during periods with elevated incidence rates observed in spring and summer months. While significant progress has been made through implementing national health examinations policies , attention must be directed towards understanding how ongoing epidemics affect TB patient detection. Thus , enhancing surveillance efforts and intervention strategies are essential in adapting to this new normal. Key words tuberculosis ; seasonal index method ; circular distribution method ; national health examination ; COVID_19 ; interruption time series

The S100 calcium-binding protein family member A16(S100A16)exhibits differential expression in various malignant tumors and plays a critical role in tumor progression,including effects on tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis,adhesion,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,migration,and invasion.Its aberrant expression is associated with adverse clinical outcomes,making it a potential prognostic biomarker.Fur-thermore,S100A16 is closely linked to the infiltration of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment,contributing to the establish-ment of an immunosuppressive state.The expression level of S100A16 in tumor-associated endothelial cells may also correlate with the formation of an inhibitory immune microenvironment.Additionally,S100A16 has been implicated in tumor chemotherapy resistance.This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms by which S100A16 contributes to different types of tumors,its regulatory effects on the tumor immune microenvironment,and its role in drug treatment resistance.The aim of this review is to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of tumor prevention and treatment and provide a theoretical foundation for overcoming drug resistance in can-cer therapy.

Objective To study the potential molecular biological mechanism of Wuzi decoction on polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Methods TCMSP database and literature survey were used to screen the active ingredients of Wuzi decoction and related target proteins,and the target protein names were translated into target gene names.Key genes of PCOS disease were queried in the database,cross analysis of genes and visual networks were generated.The interaction network between drugs and disease targets were establish,key target proteins were conducted by gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis,and molecular docking validation of the proteins were encoded by the active components and the selected core target genes.Results According to the set conditions,81 active ingredients were found from the drug Wuzi decoction and a total of 221 targets genes were detected.A total of 151 TCM and disease interaction targets were obtained by using PCOS as the search term.The target genes were compared and analyzed,and the number of main core targets was 93.NPM1,HSPA5,YWHAZ,HNRNPA1,HNRNPK,MCM2,HSPA8,EEF1A1,VCP,and HSP90AB1 may be the main core targets for the treatment of PCOS.GO was used for analysis,and 376 enrichment results were obtained.A total of 102 related pathways were identified in the KEGG analysis.Corresponding active drug ingredient was docked with the core target protein molecule and shows good.Conclusion Wuzi decoction can play a role in the prevention and control of PCOS,and the mechanism of action involves multiple targets and signaling pathways.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture at "four pharyngeal points" on simple vocal tics with liver hyperactivity disturbed wind in children. METHODS: Sixty children with simple vocal tics of liver hyperactivity disturbed wind were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 1 case dropped out) and a control group (30 cases). The control group was given Changma Xifeng tablets orally, 3 times a day, while the observation group was treated with acupuncture at "four pharyngeal points" on the basis of the treatment in the control group, 15-20 min a time, once daily for 7 days, with a 3-day break. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The TCM syndrome score and Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS) score of the two groups were observed before treatment and after 1, 2, 3 months of treatment, the disappearance time of simple vocal tics was recorded, and the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after treatment. RESULTS: After 1, 2, 3 months of treatment, the TCM syndrome scores and YGTSS scores of the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the scores of the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The disappearance time of simple vocal tics in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group (P<0.05). The effective rate of the observation group was 93.1% (27/29), which was higher than 73.3% (22/30) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture at "four pharyngeal points" could improve symptoms in children with simple vocal tics of liver hyperactivity disturbed wind, and shorten the disappearance time of simple vocal tics.
Humans ; Male ; Acupuncture Points ; Female ; Child ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Child, Preschool ; Liver/drug effects* ; Tics/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome