[Objective] To establish a method for detecting the potency of recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅶa for injection. [Methods] By adding the sample and factor Ⅶ deficient plasma to the sample cup and activating the reaction with prothrombin time assay reagent (PT reagent), the coagulation time of the sample was determined by the change in magnetic bead swing amplitude in the sample cup. The logarithm of coagulation time was inversely proportional to the logarithm of human factor Ⅶa potency. [Results] Under the experimental conditions, the specificity of the methodology was evaluated through spiked recovery, and the recovery rates ranged from 90.0% to 110.0%. Within the range from 0.125 to 1.000 IU/mL, there was a good linear response between the potency and coagulation time of the standard and sample, with correlation coefficients r>0.99. As for the accuracy and repeatability, the recovery rates of various concentrations detected in the stock solution were 101.0%, 100.0% and 112.0%, respectively, with RSD values of 2.6%, 4.0% and 0.0%, respectively. The recovery rates of various concentrations in finished product testing were 104.0%, 94.7% and 112.0%, respectively, with RSD values of 1.9%, 2.4% and 0.0%, respectively. As for the intermediate precision, the RSD were 4.5% and 3.7%, respectively. After treated with sample diluent, the sample was tested at room temperature for 6 hours and still exhibited relatively stable biological activity. [Conclusion] This detection method is accurate, stable, easy to operate and highly automated, and is suitable for detecting the potency of recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅶa for Injection.

Persistent and maladaptive drug-related memories represent a key component in drug addiction. Converging evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies has demonstrated the potential efficacy of the memory reconsolidation updating procedure (MRUP), a non-pharmacological strategy intertwining two distinct memory processes: reconsolidation and extinction-alternatively termed "the memory retrieval-extinction procedure". This procedure presents a promising approach to attenuate, if not erase, entrenched drug memories and prevent relapse. The present review delineates the applications, molecular underpinnings, and operational boundaries of MRUP in the context of various forms of substance dependence. Furthermore, we critically examine the methodological limitations of MRUP, postulating potential refinement to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we also look at the potential integration of MRUP and neurostimulation treatments in the domain of substance addiction. Overall, existing studies underscore the significant potential of MRUP, suggesting that interventions predicated on it could herald a promising avenue to enhance clinical outcomes in substance addiction therapy.
Humans ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology* ; Memory Consolidation/physiology* ; Animals ; Extinction, Psychological/physiology*

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy. It has a high incidence, strong invasion ability, easy metastasis, poor curative effect, and poor prognosis. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are an important part of immune cells located in the mucosal barrier, which play an important role in the occurrence, development and outcome of tumors. ILCs are the key cells for decoding the regulatory mechanism of tumor microenvironment and the signatures for tumor progression. This paper reviewed the latest progress on ILCs, summarized the possible characteristics and functions of ILCs in the microenvironment of OSCC, and explored the relationship between ILCs and the occurrence, development and immunotherapy of OSCC.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in cases of febrile respiratory syndrome in China from 2010 to 2020.Methods:Based on the sub-project of the National Science and Technology Major Project for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control "Infectious Disease Monitoring Technology Platform", active monitoring of febrile respiratory syndrome cases was conducted in sentinel hospitals in 31 provinces across China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau, and Chinese Taiwan) from January 2010 to December 2020, resulting in the inclusion of 191 441 cases. Clinical specimens of monitored cases were screened for HRSV nucleic acid, and the differences in HRSV detection rates among different age groups, regions, and time periods were analyzed using the χ 2 test/Fisher exact probability method. Results:Among the 191 441 cases of febrile respiratory syndrome in China from 2010 to 2020, the age group M ( Q1, Q3) was 9 (2, 40) years old, with 83 773 cases (43.8%) in the <5 years old group. There were 113 660 males, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5∶1.0. There were as many as 105 508 cases (55.2%) of scattered children and preschool children. About 70 565 cases (36.9%) lived in the northern region. There were 13 858 HRSV positive cases, with a total positive rate of 7.2%. The positive rate of HRSV detection in the northern population was 5.7% (4 004/70 565), which was lower than that in the southern population (8.2%, 9 854/120 876), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=407.4, P<0.001). HRSV was detected in all age groups, with the highest positive rate of 23.9% in the <6 months age group. The month with the highest positive rate was December, and autumn and winter were the main epidemic seasons. Both northern and southern HRSV subtypes were mainly infected with type A, with a low proportion of mixed infections of type A and type B. Conclusion:HRSV is a common pathogen causing respiratory infections in children from 2010 to 2020. It can be detected throughout the year and shows the main peak of prevalence in autumn and winter. The HRSV strain is mainly classified as a type A infection.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in cases of febrile respiratory syndrome in China from 2010 to 2020.Methods:Based on the sub-project of the National Science and Technology Major Project for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control "Infectious Disease Monitoring Technology Platform", active monitoring of febrile respiratory syndrome cases was conducted in sentinel hospitals in 31 provinces across China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau, and Chinese Taiwan) from January 2010 to December 2020, resulting in the inclusion of 191 441 cases. Clinical specimens of monitored cases were screened for HRSV nucleic acid, and the differences in HRSV detection rates among different age groups, regions, and time periods were analyzed using the χ 2 test/Fisher exact probability method. Results:Among the 191 441 cases of febrile respiratory syndrome in China from 2010 to 2020, the age group M ( Q1, Q3) was 9 (2, 40) years old, with 83 773 cases (43.8%) in the <5 years old group. There were 113 660 males, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5∶1.0. There were as many as 105 508 cases (55.2%) of scattered children and preschool children. About 70 565 cases (36.9%) lived in the northern region. There were 13 858 HRSV positive cases, with a total positive rate of 7.2%. The positive rate of HRSV detection in the northern population was 5.7% (4 004/70 565), which was lower than that in the southern population (8.2%, 9 854/120 876), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=407.4, P<0.001). HRSV was detected in all age groups, with the highest positive rate of 23.9% in the <6 months age group. The month with the highest positive rate was December, and autumn and winter were the main epidemic seasons. Both northern and southern HRSV subtypes were mainly infected with type A, with a low proportion of mixed infections of type A and type B. Conclusion:HRSV is a common pathogen causing respiratory infections in children from 2010 to 2020. It can be detected throughout the year and shows the main peak of prevalence in autumn and winter. The HRSV strain is mainly classified as a type A infection.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of low negative pressure fat suction combined with bipolar radiofrequency in repairing facial fat overfilling.Methods:A total of 29 patients with facial fat overfilling underwent low negative pressure fat suction combined with bipolar radiofrequency between February 2022 and October 2023 in Changsha My Like Medical Cosmetology Hospital. All patients were female. The mean age was 35.7 years (range, 25-51 years) and the mean body mass index was 20.3 (range, 16.8-24.3 kg/cm 2). The mean time after autologous fat transplantation was 53.4 months (range, 19-96 months). Postoperative patient satisfaction surveys were conducted, and 2 independent doctors evaluated clinical effect preoperative and postoperative photographs at 3-6 months postoperatively. Results:There were 29 cases (100%) underwent liposuction in the pre-zygomatic region, and the amount of fat was 4.1-12.6 (7.95±1.85) ml. There were 4 cases (13.8%) underwent liposuction in the forehead, and the amount of fat was 1.8-5.2 (2.75±0.50) ml. There were 7 cases (24.1%) underwent liposuction in the temporal region, and the amount of fat was 2.8-6.5 (3.86±1.07) ml. There were 8 cases (27.6%) underwent liposuction in the cheek, and the amount of fat was 5.2-10.5 (7.25±2.12) ml. There were 18 cases (62.1%) underwent liposuction in the perioral region, and the amount of fat was 3.7-9.5 (6.33±1.28) ml. The energy delivered by bipolar radiofrequency was 3.3-10.2 (5.71±2.27) KJ. 82.8% of patients were satisfied with their postoperative effect (24/29 patients). 86.2% of doctors were satisfied with the postoperative effect (25/29 patients). Two out of 29 patients (6.9%) developed irregularity by liposuction.Conclusions:Low negative pressure liposuction combined with bipolar radiofrequency can effectively reduce the fat, narrow the tissue gap and improve facial sagging, which is an effective method for repairing facial fat overfilling.

Objective:To explore the effect and safety of mesenchymal stem cell exosome microneedle introduction in the treatment of melasma.Methods:Thirty cases of female patients with stable melasma in the Department of Dermatology, Changsha Meilai Medical Beauty Hospital, aged (36±5) years and with a disease duration of (42.4±20.7) months, from July 2021 to July 2022, were retrospectively included. According to Fitzpatrick skin typing, 23 cases of type Ⅲ and 7 cases of type Ⅳ were included. All patients were locally anesthetized with lidocaine cream for 30 min, and rolled with a 0.5 mm needle in a zigzag pattern with even force, in the order of the right cheek, the left cheek, the forehead, the nose, the mandible, and the upper lip. During the rolling process, 3 ml of MSC exosome medical liquid wound dressing was applied to the facial skin, and after it was fully absorbed, exosome was locally readministered in the area of melasma. Treatment ended with a slight redness at the site of application. 1 MSC exosome wound dressing was appllied as a cold compress for 15 min after treatment. Treatment was given once every 2 weeks for 6 consecutive sessions. All the patients were followed up at 4 and 12 weeks after the last session, and the area and severity index of melasma (MASI) were scored before and after the treatment, the clinical efficiency and patient satisfaction rate and the incidence of adverse reactions were also counted.Results:At 4 and 12 weeks after the end of treatment, the skin color of all 30 patients was brighter than that before treatment, and no recurrence of melasma symptoms seen. At 12 weeks after the end of treatment, the decrease rate of MASI score was 66.1%, among which the decrease rate of MASI score in patients with type Ⅲ melasma was 63.9%, and the decrease rate of MASI score in patients with type Ⅳ melasma was 63.9%. Among the 30 patients, 1 case was cured, 25 cases showed obvious improved, 4 cases were improved, and no cases were ineffective, with an effective rate of 86.7% (26/30). Five patients were very satisfied, 18 patients were satisfied, 6 patients were generally satisfied, and 1 patient was dissatisfied; the patient satisfaction rate was 76.7% (23/30). No serious adverse reactions occurred in all patients.Conclusions:MSC exosome microneedle introduction is safe and effective in the treatment of melasma without serious adverse reactions.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells that infiltrate the bone and soft tissues, and is the second most common hematological malignancy in many countries. Currently, there is no cure for this disease, as the bone marrow microenvironment serves as a sanctuary for MM cell growth. The interaction between the bone marrow microenvironment and MM cells collectively promotes the occurrence and progression of MM. Immune cells in MM cells and the microenvironment induce immune imbalance through complex interactions, ultimately leading to tumor initiation and development. Therefore, in-depth research on the tumor microenvironment is of significant importance for the treatment of MM. This review discusses the research progress of MM bone marrow microenvironment from the aspects of tumor microenvironment, interaction between tumor microenvironment and MM, and immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate(MgIG)on cisplatin(CDDP)-induced myocardial injury in rats.Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group,the cisplatin model group(CDDP group),the cisplatin+magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate low-dose group(MgIG-L group)and the cisplatin+magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate high-dose group(MgIG-H group),with 6 rats in each group.Changes of body mass of rats were monitored daily.At the end of drug administration,cardiac function indexes including left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular short-axis narrowing rate(LVFS),left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter(LVESD)and left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter(LVEDD)were detected by echocardiography.The morphology of myocardial tissue was observed by HE staining.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB(CK-MB)and troponin I(cTnI).Levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione synthase(GSH),reactive oxygen species(ROS)and ferrous ion(Fe2+)in homogenates of myocardial tissue were measured biochemically.The protein expressions of nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2(Nrf2),long-chain fatty acyl coenzyme A synthase 4(ACSL4),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)and ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1)protein were detected by Western blot assay.Results The body mass of rats in the control group showed an increasing trend during feeding,and the body mass of rats in the CDDP group showed a decreasing trend.Compared with the CDDP group,the body mass of rats in the MgIG-L group and the MgIG-H group increased after 5 d,9 d and 13 d of treatment(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the CDDP group showed decreased LVEF and LVFS,increased LVESD and LVEDD,disturbed myocardial fiber alignment,myocardial fiber degeneration and fracture,increased serum CK-MB and cTnI levels,increased levels of MDA,Fe2+and ROS in myocardial tissue,decreased levels of SOD and GSH,and decreased levels of Nrf2,GPX4,and decreased FTH1 protein expression levels and increased ACSL4 protein expression levels in myocardial tissue(P＜0.05).Compared with the CDDP group,the above indicators and myocardial histopathological changes were significantly improved in the MgIG-L group and the MgIG-H group.Conclusion Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate can ameliorate cisplatin-induced myocardial injury by regulating myocardial oxidative stress and inhibiting cardiomyocyte iron death in rats.