Objective To investigate the post-discharge exercise behavior and factors influencing moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in patients undergoing lung surgery. Methods A total of 2874 patients from the large prospective, observational perioperative lung symptom study cohort (CN-PRO-Lung 3) in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Sichuan Cancer Hospital between April 7, 2021, and January 31, 2024, were selected as the survey subjects. A survey was conducted using the Investigation of Exercise Behavior after Lung Surgery questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) among patients who underwent lung surgery. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing patients’ engagement in MVPA. Results A total of 702 patients were surveyed, including 252 males and 450 females, with an average age of (52.4±10.2) years. Patients with lung cancer accounted for 85.9%. Only 36.0% of the patients had regular exercise habits, while 42.3% did not engage in any physical activity. The three main barriers for postoperative exercise were physical discomfort (pain, coughing, shortness of breath, etc, 54.7%), lack of professional guidance (41.7%), and concerns about the surgical wound (28.9%). The proportions of patients engaging in vigorous, moderate, and low-intensity physical activity were 5.7%, 28.2%, and 66.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with a personal annual income ≥50000 yuan (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.01-2.29, P=0.044), high school education or above (OR=1.92, 95%CI 1.33-2.76, P<0.001), and lobectomy (OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.02-2.03, P=0.037) engaged in more MVPA. Conclusion Patients undergoing lung surgery have inadequate physical activity after discharge, particularly lacking in MVPA. Patients with higher income, higher educational levels, and lobectomy are more frequently engaged in MVPA. Measures such as symptom control, providing exercise guidance, and enhancing education on wound care may potentially improve the inadequate physical activity in lung surgery patients after discharge.

This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.

Objective:To analyze the association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in community population in Shanghai.Methods:Using baseline and follow-up data from the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank, individuals with ASCVD (including coronary heart disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery disease) at baseline were excluded. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between RC and ASCVD risk and the association under different LDL-C levels.Results:A total of 57 281 participants were included, with a median follow-up of 5.61 person-years. During the follow-up, 1 436 ASCVD events (2.51%) were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals with moderate ( HR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.03-1.36) or high RC levels ( HR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.15-1.51) had an increased risk of ASCVD. The association was stronger in participants younger than 60 years-old (interaction P=0.048). Participants with RC ≥0.97 mmol/L and LDL-C <3.40 mmol/L demonstrated a 19% ( HR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.06-1.35) increased risk of ASCVD. When RC ≥0.97 mmol/L and LDL-C ≥3.40 mmol/L, ASCVD risk increased by 42% ( HR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.21-1.67). Conclusions:Elevated RC increases ASCVD risk, regardless of LDL-C levels. RC can serve as a valuable predictor and intervention target for ASCVD.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of the alcoholic extract of the Yi drug(Rubia yunnanensis)on the Alzheimer's disease(AD)model of Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans).Methods Based on a transgenic C.elegans model of AD,the efficacy and mechanism of alcoholic extracts of Rubia yunnanensis against β-amyloid(Aβ)-induced toxic effects were explored.C.elegans were synchronized and divided into a control group and low and high dose groups of the alcoholic extract of Rubia yunnanensis to study the effects of the alcoholic extract of Rubia yunnanensis on C.elegans paralysis,lifespan,lipofuscin levels,behavior,growth and development,heat stress and oxidative stress,ROS levels,and Aβ aggregation,as well as the key transcription factors in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling pathway were investigated by GFP reporter gene worm assay and RNAi assay DAF-16 expression.Results Compared with the Control group,the intervention of the alcoholic extracts of Rubia yunnanensis could effectively improve the paralyzed phenotype of C.elegans(P<0.001),prolong the lifespan of C.elegans and reduce the level of lipofuscin in C.elegans significantly(P<0.001),improve the mobility of C.elegans significantly(P<0.001),and improve its resistance to oxidative stress and heat stress damage significantly(P<0.001),and reduce the level of ROS in C.elegans significantly(P<0.001),and reduce the deposition of Aβ protein in the head of C.elegans significantly(P<0.01),and had no effect on the growth and development of C.elegans(P>0.05),and also promoted the nuclear translocation of DAF-16 in the reporter gene C.elegans TJ356,and the effect of the alcoholic extracts of Rubia yunnanensis in delaying the degree of paralysis of C.elegans was lost after silencing the expression of C.elegans DAF-16 by RNAi,whereas the L4440 empty vector control group in the administration of Rubia yunnanensis alcohol extract significantly reduced the level of C.elegans paralysis(P<0.001).Conclusion The alcoholic extract of Rubia yunnanensis can significantly ameliorate the paralyzed phenotype in the C.elegans model of Alzheimer's disease with certain antioxidant,anti-aging and anti-Aβ protein activities,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of DAF-16,a downstream transcription factor of the insulin signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the early efficacy and safety of the regimens containing delamanid and linezolid in the treatment of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis(RR-TB).Methods A total of 47 patients diagnosed with RR-TB at Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu from August 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled,including 22 cases(46.8％)of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB),8 cases(17.0％)of RR-TB,and 17 cases(36.2％)of pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis(pre-XDR-TB).All patients were treated with a regimen based on delamanid and linezolid.The efficacy and safety were evaluated at 24 weeks of treatment.Results Among the 47 patients,46(97.9％)completed 24 weeks of treatment and 1(2.1％)was lost to follow-up.At 24 weeks,the sputum culture conversion rate was 100％in the 43 patients with positive baseline sputum culture.The median conversion time was 2(2,8)weeks.Imaging examination showed absorption in 46 patients(97.9％).Overall,40 patients(85.1％)experienced varying degrees of adverse events(AEs)within 24 weeks.Eleven patients(23.4％)experienced AEs possibly related to delamanid,mainly including QTcF interval prolongation(12.8％),gastrointestinal reactions(8.5％),dizziness(2.1％),headache(2.1％),and allergy(2.1％).Six patients permanently discontinued delamanid due to AEs including gastrointestinal reactions(6.4％),prolonged QTcF interval(2.1％),severe dizziness(2.1％),and drug allergy(2.1％).Patients with low baseline CD4+T lymphocyte counts(OR=0.991,95％CI:0.984-0.999)were more likely to experience delamanid-related AEs.Thirty patients(63.8％)experienced AEs possibly related to linezolid,including myelosuppression(55.3％),peripheral neuropathy(6.4％),optic neuritis occurred(2.1％),and allergy(2.1％).Three patients(6.4％)discontinued linezolid permanently due to severe anemia,peripheral neuropathy,and allergy.Conclusions The treatment regimens containing delamanid and linezolid for RR-TB showed a high sputum culture conversion rate and good tolerance at 24 weeks.Attention should be paid to gastrointestinal reactions and cellular immunity during treatment.

Objective:To investigate the contributing factors to elevated blood pressure in borderline cases during medical selection for recruitment of Air Force flying cadets in order to enhance the accuracy of selection.Methods:Blood pressure was measured among 2 350 male high school graduates in the 2022 re-selection phase of medical selection of Air Force flying cadets. None of the participants had a family history of hypertension according to previous health checkups. Identified through blood pressure measurement, subjects with borderline hypertension were assigned to an intervention group (self-intervention with personalized correction plans) and a control group (self-intervention alone) using a random number table. Standardized blood pressure measurements and comprehensive medical history reviews were performed to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes across the 2 groups, followed by an investigation into the causative mechanisms of elevated blood pressure.Results:Among the 102 cases of borderline hypertension (51 per group) identified, primary contributing factors included the white-coat phenomenon (41.2%), pre-examination physical activity (17.6%), pre-examination medications (3.9%) and poor sleep quality (35.3%). No significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were observed between the 2 groups at baseline (both P>0.05). After interventions, the intervention group showed significantly lower SBP ( t=3.13, P=0.002) and DBP ( t=7.68, P<0.001) than the control group. Both groups exhibited reductions in SBP and DBP from baseline ( t=6.63, 8.97, 4.13, 2.03, P<0.001, <0.001, <0.001, =0.043). The percentage of students with normal blood pressure was 96.1% (49/51) in the intervention group and 78.4% (40/51) in the control group. Conclusions:Transient blood pressure elevation in selection settings primarily stems from the white-coat phenomenon, physical exertion, medications and sleep disturbances. Standardizing blood pressure measurement protocols and addressing transient factors can help avoid unwarranted disqualifications and ensure the accuracy of selection.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of the alcoholic extract of the Yi drug(Rubia yunnanensis)on the Alzheimer's disease(AD)model of Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans).Methods Based on a transgenic C.elegans model of AD,the efficacy and mechanism of alcoholic extracts of Rubia yunnanensis against β-amyloid(Aβ)-induced toxic effects were explored.C.elegans were synchronized and divided into a control group and low and high dose groups of the alcoholic extract of Rubia yunnanensis to study the effects of the alcoholic extract of Rubia yunnanensis on C.elegans paralysis,lifespan,lipofuscin levels,behavior,growth and development,heat stress and oxidative stress,ROS levels,and Aβ aggregation,as well as the key transcription factors in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling pathway were investigated by GFP reporter gene worm assay and RNAi assay DAF-16 expression.Results Compared with the Control group,the intervention of the alcoholic extracts of Rubia yunnanensis could effectively improve the paralyzed phenotype of C.elegans(P<0.001),prolong the lifespan of C.elegans and reduce the level of lipofuscin in C.elegans significantly(P<0.001),improve the mobility of C.elegans significantly(P<0.001),and improve its resistance to oxidative stress and heat stress damage significantly(P<0.001),and reduce the level of ROS in C.elegans significantly(P<0.001),and reduce the deposition of Aβ protein in the head of C.elegans significantly(P<0.01),and had no effect on the growth and development of C.elegans(P>0.05),and also promoted the nuclear translocation of DAF-16 in the reporter gene C.elegans TJ356,and the effect of the alcoholic extracts of Rubia yunnanensis in delaying the degree of paralysis of C.elegans was lost after silencing the expression of C.elegans DAF-16 by RNAi,whereas the L4440 empty vector control group in the administration of Rubia yunnanensis alcohol extract significantly reduced the level of C.elegans paralysis(P<0.001).Conclusion The alcoholic extract of Rubia yunnanensis can significantly ameliorate the paralyzed phenotype in the C.elegans model of Alzheimer's disease with certain antioxidant,anti-aging and anti-Aβ protein activities,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of DAF-16,a downstream transcription factor of the insulin signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the status of hearing impaired children's hearing device independence skills,and to explore the ways to improve their self-use of hearing equipment.Methods This study surveyed 64 re-habilitation teachers and 411 parents of children with hearing impairment aged 0-12 years.Through face-to-face or remote telephone interview,3 good habits(A asking parents for advice before removing the HA,B putting the de-vice into a moisture-proof box after removing it,C bringing batteries to school and knowing where are them)and 3 key abilities[D wearing the device independently,E replacing the battery independently,and F independently handle foreign bodies in the ear mold(Fa)and water vapor(Fb)]was investigated.The age when mastering skills or de-veloping habits difference of hearing impaired children in different groups were compared.Results ① The ratio of ability D in the bilateral CI group and the bilateral HA group of preschool children was 30.97％and 18.57％respec-tively.Among elementary school children,85.29％and 90.70％had this ability respectively.② The ratio of ability E in the bilateral CI group,the bilateral HA group and the bimodel group were 11.50％,15.71％and 16.49％,re-spectively.Among elementary school children,64.71％,53.49％and 68.52％had this ability,respectively.③Among preschool children,there was no statistical difference in age when different equipment groups developed the three good habits and acquired ability D and E(P＞0.05).④ Among primary school children,there was a statisti-cal difference in the age when different equipment groups formed habit A(P＜0.05),and the age when double CI group had this ability was slightly earlier than the double HA group.There was no significant difference in other abilities among age groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The age at which hearing impaired children develop the three good habits precedes the age at which they master the key skills,which accords with the law of skill acquisition and development of ordinary children.Corresponding teaching process should be based on the age and ability of hearing-impaired children without considering the type of equipment.

Objective The purpose of this study was to provide a more effective method for researching the prevention and treatment of Graves'disease by comparing the effects of two plasmid vectors expressing the human thyrotropin receptor(TSHR)A subunit gene in inducing an animal model of Graves'disease via electroporation.Methods Plasmids pcDNA3.1-THSR A,and pTriEx1.1-THSR A expressing the TSHR A subunit were constructed and used to induce Graves'disease by intramuscular injection with immediate electroporation once every 3 weeks for a total of 4 times.Mice in the control group were injected with PBS.One week after the second electroporation,blood was collected to measure serum thyrotropin receptor antibody(TRAb).Three weeks following the last electroporation,echocardiography was performed on the mice.Mice were sacrificed 4 weeks after the last electroporation;blood,thyroid,and orbital tissues were collected;serum total thyroxine(TT4)was measured;and histological examination was performed.Results The average concentrations of serum TRAb in the pcDNA3.1-TSHR A group(n=15)and the pTriEx1.1-TSHR A group(n=13)were(6.9±2.0)U/L and(7.5±2.2)U/L,respectively.The latter was significantly higher than that in the control group(4.9±0.5)U/L(P=0.033).The average concentrations of serum TT4 in the pcDNA3.1-TSHR A group and pTriEx1.1-TSHR A group were(41.4±23.8)ng/mL and(63.2±53.7)ng/mL,respectively,both higher than that in the control group:(20.2±4.0)ng/mL(P＜0.01).Thyroid pathology showed thyroid follicular epithelial hyperplasia with T-cell infiltration in the model group.Echocardiography showed that the left ventricle mass in the pTriEx1.1-TSHR A group was higher than those in the control group(P=0.007)and pcDNA3.1-TSHR A group(P=0.012).Orbital pathology showed fibrotic changes in the extraocular muscles of mice in the model groups.Conclusions Both pcDNA3.1 and pTriEx1.1 expressing the TSHR A subunit were able to induce Graves'disease in mice by electroporation,and the efficiency of the two plasmids in inducing hyperthyroidism and Graves'ophthalmopathy was similar.The efficiency of pTriEx 1.1-TSHR A in inducing thyrotoxic heart disease was better than that of pcDNA3.1-TSHR A.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors for special interests in rheumatology diseases in residents after their completion of standardized residency training.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among general practitioners who participated in residential training in the base from September 1, 2011 to June 30, 2024, and the possible influencing factors were collected and analyzed.Results:Eighty-six cases (63.2%) of general practitioners expressed interest in rheumatology. A higher proportion of physicians showed interest in rheumatology when they engaged in the following activities: taking rheumatology as a subspecialty in practice on rheumtic diseases [16.3% (14/86) vs. 0 (0/50), χ2=15.93, P<0.001], taking night shifts during rheumatology rotation [57.0%(49/86) vs. 20% (10/50), χ2=17.60, P<0.001], studying with mentors of rheumatogy[89.5%(77/86) vs. 54.0%(27/50), χ2=22.19, P<0.001], participating in research on rheamatic diseases[16.3% (14/86) vs. 2.0% (1/50), χ2=6.57, P=0.010], involved in rheumatology outpatient teaching sessions [33.7%(29/86) vs. 8.0% (4/50), χ2=11.38, P<0.001], and receiving career guidance on mentors of rheumatology[39.5%(34/86) vs. 18.0% (9/50), χ2=6.78, P=0.012]. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that the following were independent promoting factors for developing interest in rheumatology: taking rheumatology as a subspecialty in practice [ OR(95% CI) =3.82 (1.5,9.7), P=0.005], taking night shifts during rheumatology rotation [ OR(95% CI) =3.41 (1.25,9.28), P=0.017], and studying with mentors of rheumatology[ OR(95% CI) =6.44 (2.18,19.08), P<0.001]. Conclusion:Most residents expressed interest in rheumatology. Taking rheumatology as a practice sub-specialty, taking night shifts and during rotation and learning from mentors have a positive impact on residents interest in rheumatology after their completion of residency.