BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behaviors are common among adolescents with depressive disorders， and school bullying is recognized as a major risk factor. Previous research has shown that self-esteem and alexithymia are closely associated with both school bullying and NSSI. However， the mediating roles of self-esteem and alexithymia in the link between school bullying and NSSI are unclear. ObjectiveTo explore the mediating roles of alexithymia and self-esteem in the relationship between school bullying and NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders， in order to inform intervention strategies targeting NSSI in this population. MethodsA total of 335 adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorders and treated at the First Psychiatric Hospital of Harbin from July 2023 to October 2024 were enrolled. Assessments included a self-developed demographic questionnaire， Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire-Behavior （ANSAQ-B）， Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student （DBVS-S）， Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale （RSES）， and 26-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale （TAS-26）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship among variables. Controlling for gender and age at onset of depressive symptoms， mediation analysis was performed using the “mediation” package in R 4.4.2. ResultsScores on DBVS-S and TAS-26 were positively correlated with ANSAQ-B score （r=0.408， 0.417， P<0.01）， while RSES scores were negatively correlated（r=-0.300， P<0.01）. Regression analysis showed that school bullying and alexithymia significantly positively predicted NSSI behaviors （B=0.212， 0.333， P<0.01）， while self-esteem negatively predicted NSSI behaviors （B=-0.368， P<0.01）. Alexithymia was found to mediate the relationship between school bullying and NSSI behaviors， with an indirect effect of 0.040 （95% CI： 0.018~0.069） ，account for 17.17% of the total effect. The indirect effect through self-esteem was not statistically significant （95% CI： -0.004~0.069）. ConclusionExposure to school bullying and high levels of alexithymia are important predictors of NSSI behavior in adolescents with depressive disorders， and school bullying may indirectly influence NSSI behavior through alexithymia. ［Funded by Scientific Research Project of Health Commition of Heilongjiang Province，（number， 20230303090154］

OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of toric implantable collamer lens (Toric-ICL) and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia correction in patients with moderate to high myopia complicated with astigmatism. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from 64 patients (aged 18-42 years) with moderate to high myopia complicated with astigmatism (128 eyes) undergoing either Toric-ICL (28 patients/56 eyes) or FS-LASIK (36 patients/72 eyes) at our department between January, 2019 and December, 2020. The changes of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), mean astigmatism correction index (CI), corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and intraocular pressure (IOP) following the procedures were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In FS-LASIK group, all the eyes (72/72) achieved an UCVA≥1.0, similar to the rate in Toric-ICL group (55/56 eyes; P=0.2374). The postoperative SE was also comparable between FS-LASIK and Toric-ICL groups [0.43±0.06 D (range: -1.0 to 1.50 D) vs 0.38±0.05 D (range: -0.75 to 1.00 D); P=0.56]. The mean astigmatism CI was significantly higher in FS-LASIK group than in Toric-ICL group (0.8561 vs 0.7176; P<0.0001), and 88.89% of the eyes in FS-LASIK group and 69.64% in Toric-ICL group had postoperative astigmatism ≤0.50 D. No significant changes were observed in postoperative corneal ECD in FS-LASIK group, whereas ECD decreased significantly after the procedure in Toric-ICL group (P=0.0057). The patients undergoing Toric-ICL exhibited no significant changes of postoperative IOP, but the patients receiving FS-LASIK had significantly reduced IOP after the procedure (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although the patients included in Toric-ICL group had higher myopia and astigmatism, Toric-ICL still showed better predictability and efficacy for astigmatic correction in Toric-ICL group. Toric-ICL is an effective and safe equivalent of FS-LASIK for correcting moderate myopia but can be more advantageous for correcting high myopia with astigmatism.
Humans ; Astigmatism/complications* ; Myopia/complications* ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Visual Acuity ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; Male ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods* ; Female ; Phakic Intraocular Lenses ; Intraocular Pressure

Depression is increasingly prevalent among adolescents and can profoundly impact their lives. However, the early detection of depression is often hindered by the time-consuming diagnostic process and the absence of objective biomarkers. In this study, we propose a novel approach for depression detection based on an affective brain-computer interface (aBCI) and the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG). By fusing EEG features associated with both emotional and resting states, our method captures comprehensive depression-related information. The final depression detection model, derived through decision fusion with multiple independent models, further enhances detection efficacy. Our experiments involved 40 adolescents with depression and 40 matched controls. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 86.54% on cross-validation and 88.20% on the independent test set, demonstrating the efficiency of multimodal fusion. In addition, further analysis revealed distinct brain activity patterns between the two groups across different modalities. These findings hold promise for new directions in depression detection and intervention.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Depression/diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Rest ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Models, Psychological ; Reproducibility of Results ; Affect/physiology* ; Photic Stimulation/methods* ; Video Recording ; Brain/physiopathology*

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） among female college students at a university in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province， and to facilitate early detection and intervention of PCOS. MethodsUsing a stratified sampling method， a total of 450 female freshmen were randomly selected for PCOS screening. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection， covering menstrual status， high androgen signs， lifestyle， dietary habits， and awareness of PCOS. Sample t test and χ² test were used to compare the basic information and dietary habits between PCOS and non-PCOS cases. The correlation between various indicators and the prevalence of PCOS was analyzed by a logistic regression model. ResultsA total of 12 PCOS cases were identified， with a prevalence rate of 2.99%. PCOS cases exhibited statistically significant differences compared to non-PCOS cases in terms of waist-to-hip ratio， waist circumference， abdominal obesity， the proportion of overweight or obese individuals， and a preference for sweet food （all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preference for sweet food and the occurrence of PCOS （OR=4.858， 95%CI=1.199‒19.675，P=0.027）， as well as a significant correlation with PCOS accompanied by abdominal obesity （OR=7.083， 95%CI=0.773‒64.937， P=0.048）. Among the female college students surveyed， 37.90% had never heard of PCOS， 51.62% were only familiar with the name of the disease， and 10.47% had attempted to search for PCOS-related information. ConclusionThe prevalence of PCOS among female college students should not be overlooked and unhealthy dietary habits may be a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence of PCOS during this period. Early screening for PCOS during puberty is crucial.

Objective To systematically retrieve,evaluate and integrate the best evidences on the early fluid resuscitation management in the patients with acute pancreatitis(AP)at home and abroad to provide ref-erence for clinical decision.Methods The related evidences on the early fluid resuscitation management in the AP patients were retrieved by computer from the databases of BMJ Best Practice,Up To Date,JBI,National Institute for Health and Care Excellence,Registered Nurses Association of Ontario,Guideline International Network,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network,International Association of Pancreatology,American Pancreatic Association,American College of Gastroenterology,Yimaitong,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Em-bass,CINAHL,The Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang databases.The retrieval time limit was from the data-base establishment to March 20,2022.The literatures types included thematic evidence summarization,guide-lines,evidence summaries,systematic reviews and expert consensus.The researchers conducted the literature quality evaluation.The literatures meeting the standard conducted the evidence extraction.Results A total of 13 arti-cles were included,including 3 special subject evidence summary,4 guidelines,2 evidence summary,2 systematic evalu-ation and 2 expert consensus.A total of 16 pieces of best evidence were integrated,involving 4 aspects of organization management,evaluation and monitoring,fluid infusion strategy and health education.Conclusion It is recommended to use the target-oriented therapy for early fluid resuscitation management,and perform the fluid resuscitation immediate-ly after diagnosis,according to the patient's underlying disease,disease changes and monitoring indicators,implement precise early fluid resuscitation in order to reverse pancreatic microcirculation disorder,increase tissue perfusion and improve the patient's prognosis.

ObjectiveTo establish the Shanghai twin birth cohort （STBC） and analyze the effects of genetic factors， shared environment， and non-shared environment interactions on birth health and growth and development of newborns. MethodsBased on the population-wide birth cohort in Shanghai， a comprehensive survey was conducted on the families with double and multiple babies born after January 1， 2015 to collect information on birth health， growth and development， and the family environment of the babies. ResultsBy December 31， 2021， a total of 7 195 pairs （14 405 cases） of twins were successfully included in the STBC survey. The average birth length of twins was 47.2 cm and average birth weight was 2 465.3 g. Heterozygous twins accounted for 69.05% and preterm babies accounted for 57.07%. The average age of the mothers of twins was 31.82 years， and the average age of the fathers was 33.87 years， with more than 80% of the parents having a college degree or above. 44.50% of the mothers used assisted reproductive technologies， 7.40% had illnesses during pregnancy， and 15.90% were exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy. During the survey period， the average monthly increase in the length of the twin infants was 2.09 cm， and the average monthly weight gain was 0.53 kg. ConclusionThe incidence of adverse outcomes such as maternal cesarean section rate， preterm birth， and low birth weight is higher in the twin birth population. Information on birth health as well as growth and development in childhood and adolescence in the twin birth population is collected based on STBC， which can provide a solid data foundation for studying children’s chronic non-communicable diseases， psychological and behavioral disorders and other complex health problems caused by the combined effects of genetics and the environment.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Yiqi Yangyin Jiedu Decoction in the treatment of patients with pulmonary nodules and qi-yin deficiency syndrome after early lung cancer surgery.Methods:Randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 76 patients with lung nodules and qi-yin deficiency syndrome after early lung cancer surgery at the Oncology Department of Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March to September 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 38 cases in each group. The control group received symptomatic treatment, while the treatment group took Yiqi Yangyin Jiedu Decoction from the first day after enrollment. Both groups were treated for 6 months and followed up for 2 years. TCM syndrome scores before and after treatment were evaluated; the patients' activity status was evaluated using the Eastern Oncology Collaborative Group Activity Status (ECOG PS) score in the United States, and electrochemiluminescence was used to detect carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neuron specific enolase (NSE). Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of T lymphocyte subsets CD3 +and CD4 +, and ELISA was used to detect TGF-β Horizontal. The patients' weight was recorded and their weight changes after treatment were observed. Adverse reactions during treatment were observed and recorded, the efficacy of TCM syndromes and pulmonary nodules was evaluated. Results:During the observation period, one case was lost to follow-up in the treatment group and three cases were lost to follow-up in the control group. Finally, 37 cases in the treatment group and 35 cases in the control group completed the observation. After the treatment, the panting (0.27±0.07 vs. 0.68±0.12, t=17.66), spontaneous sweating and night sweating (0.16±0.16 vs. 0.79±0.16, t=16.55) score of the treatment group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01); insomnia (0.15±0.08 vs. 0.54±0.13, t=15.52) score of the control group was lower than that of the treatment group ( P<0.01). The effective rate of TCM syndrome in treatment group was 81.08% (30/37), higher than 54.29% (19/35) in control group ( Z=-2.00, P=0.040). After the treatment, the ECOG PS score stability rate in the treatment group was 89.19% (33/37), higher than 82.86% (29/35) in control group, without statistical significance ( χ2=0.19, P>0.05). The increase and stable rate of body weight was 88.10% (32/37) in treatment group and 62.86% (22/35) in control group ( χ2=5.36, P<0.05). After 2-year follow-up, the control rate of pulmonary nodules in the treatment group was 91.89% (34/37), while in the control group it was 65.71% (23/35). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=7.47, P<0.01). After the treatment, the level of NSE [(12.54±2.52)ng/L vs. (13.85±2.71)ng/L, t=-2.12], TGF-β [(218.38±102.63)ng/L vs. (301.24±193.69)ng/L, t=-2.29] in treatment group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05), and the level of CD3 +T cells [(70.60±7.90)% vs. (65.99±9.27)%, t=2.32] in treatment group was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Yiqi Yangyin Jiedu Decoction can delay the development of pulmonary nodules in patients after early lung cancer surgery, increasing the body weight of patients, relieving the TCM syndromes and improve the immune function of patients, with the potential to prevent and treat the occurrence and development of early lung cancer.

Following the principles of evidence-based medicine,in accordance with the structure and drafting rules of standardized documents,based on literature research,according to the characteristics of chronic cough in children and issues that need to form a consensus,the TCM Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Cough in Children was formulated based on the Delphi method,expert discussion meetings,and public solicitation of opinions.The guideline includes scope of application,terms and definitions,eti-ology and diagnosis,auxiliary examination,treatment,prevention and care.The aim is to clarify the optimal treatment plan of Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease,and to provide guidance for improving the clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in children with Chinese medicine.

Background Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the highest consumed and the most widely used phthalic acid ester, their effects on lipid metabolism have attracted the attention of many scholars. However, the associated mechanism is still unclear. Objective To observe the effect of DEHP on lipid metabolism in rats, probe its possible mechanism, and provide a research basis for the effect of DEHP on human lipid metabolism. Methods Forty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: solvent control (0 mg·kg⁻¹ DEHP), low DEHP (187 mg·kg⁻¹), medium DEHP (375 mg·kg⁻¹), and high DEHP (750 mg·kg⁻¹) groups. DEHP was administered by oral gavage for 6 d per week, consecutively 8 weeks. The rats were weighed once a week during the exposure period. At 24 h after the last exposure, the rats were anesthetized with 20% urethane and sacrificed by apical puncture. Rat livers were harvested and weighed before hematoxylin-eosin (HE) histopathological observation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes Janus kinase 3 (JAK3), signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in liver, and Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of lipid metabolism-related proteins JAK3, STAT5b, and PPARγ in liver. Results Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the body weight gain of the rats in each group (P>0.05). The liver organ coefficients of the DEHP exposure groups were higher than that of the control group (P<0.001), and increased with higher DEHP dosages. The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum decreased in all DEHP exposure groups (P<0.05), and the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum increased in the high DEHP group (P<0.05). The results of liver histopathological morphology showed that the hepatocytes of each DEHP group were enlarged and edematous in varying degrees, with loose stroma and irregular arrangement of cells, which were manifested as inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty degeneration of liver cells. Compared to the control group, the mRNA levels of JAK3, STAT5b, and PPARγ in liver tissues of rats in each DEHP group decreased (P<0.001). Compared to the control group, the relative expression levels of JAK3 in each DEHP group decreased (P<0.05), and the relative expression levels of STAT5b and PPARγ in the medium and high DEHP groups decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion DEHP exposure can induce abnormal lipid metabolism in rats, and the mechanism may be related to DEHP inhibiting the activation of JAK3/STAT5b/PPARγ signaling pathway.