Objective:This study aimed to explore the status of radiological Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet, through a 3-year monitoring survey, providing epidemiological evidence for prevention and control strategies.Methods:The target areas for this study were Luolong, Bianba, and Basu counties in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, identified as having the most severe historical cases of KBD. Children aged 7-12 years attending school were enrolled as study subjects. Anteroposterior X-ray films of the right-hand were taken, and radiological diagnoses were made based on the "Diagnosis of Kashin-Beck Disease" criteria (WS/T 207-2010). Two experienced researchers independently reviewed the X-rays, and intra- and inter-group consistency were assessed using weighted Kappa values and percentage agreement. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2017 and 2020 to describe the X-ray detection rates of KBD, and logistic regression analysis was employed to construct a predictive model of risk factors for radiological KBD cases.Results:In 2017, a total of 5,711 children aged 7-12 years in Chamdo City, Tibet, participated in the baseline cross-sectional survey (average age 9.2 years, 48.0% female), with 28 cases of radiological KBD. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence rate was 0.527%. In 2020, 6,771 participants (average age 9.3 years, 49.5% female) underwent a second cross-sectional survey, with 9 cases of radiological KBD and a standardized prevalence rate of 0.134%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that older age [ OR=2.439, 95% CI(1.299, 4.580), P=0.006] and female gender [ OR=8.157, 95% CI(1.016, 65.528), P=0.048] were independent risk factors for radiological KBD cases. Conversely, higher residential altitude, under the premise of Tibet's high altitude, was a protective factor [ OR=0.995, 95% CI(0.990, 0.999), P=0.032). Conclusion:The radiographically positive detection rate of KBD among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, is at an extremely low level and showing a declining trend, reaching the historical standard in 2020. Considering the absence of positive signs in affected children, it suggests that local KBD has been effectively eliminated.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly will seriously reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. For osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, spinal reconstruction is necessary, which should comprehensively consider factors such as the physical condition, fracture type, clinical characteristics and osteoporosis degree. While there lacks relevant clinical norms or guidelines on selection of spinal reconstruction strategies. In order to standardize the concept of spinal reconstruction for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, based on the principles of scientificity, practicality and progressiveness, the authors formulated the Clinical guideline for spinal reconstruction of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in elderly patients ( version 2022), in which suggestions based on evidence of evidence-based medicine were put forward upon 10 important issues related to the fracture classification, non-operative treatment strategies and surgical treatment strategies in spinal reconstruction after osteoporosis thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment.

Tumor hyperthermia has become a new method of nanomedical therapy with low toxicity and high cure rate in recent years. Local hyperthermia, especially combined with surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, is effective in the treatment of malignant tumors, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma, but still has some problems in following fields,included the control of heat dose, the screening of targeted therapeutic area, the differentiation of normal cells from cancer cells and so on. With the development of nanotechnology, multifunctional nano-composites have been introduced into the local hyperthermia of head and neck cancer. Targeting cancer cells with molecular imaging and simultaneous therapy through local hyperthermia can effectively improve the accuracy of treatment, and prolong the survival of patients. The advancements of nano-composites combined with molecular imaging technology and the application for tracking oral squamous cell carcinoma in hyperthermia were reviewed in this article.

For analyzing the migration ability of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells in vivo, invasive methods were often used in the past. The experimental animals would be executed within a certain period of time after cell transplantation, and the oral and maxillofacial tissues should be analyzed with pathological section. These method can not be used to observe the migration and proliferation of OSCC cells dynamically in the same experimental animal in vivo. With the development of non-invasive methods in recent years, the highly specific protein expressed in OSCC cells can be labeled with MR technology using nanoparticles as contrast agent, thus to target and trace the metastasis in vivo, and to speculate the specific stages of OSCC. The advancements of targeting and tracing OSCC with MR nanomolecular probes were reviewed in this article.

Objective To analyze and discuss the specific effect and mechanism of Guizhi Fuling pill on angiogenesis in rats with endometriosis. Methods A rat model of endometriosis was established in 40 rats in the same batch, they were randomly divided into 4 groups. The model control group did not give any drugs; the low dose of Guizhi Fuling pill group was given 0. 5 g Guizhi Fuling pill every day; the high dose of Guizhi Fuling pill group was given 3. 0 g cinnamon Fuling pill every day; gestation three ketone group was given three ketene 2 g every day. After 4 weeks of continuous administration, the rats were killed and the expression of VEGF and HIF-1 alpha in the rats was determined. The mechanism of Guizhi Fuling pill in the treatment of endometriosis was determined through the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α. Results Guizhi Fuling pill significantly inhibited the level of intravascular VEGF in rat endometriosis and inhibited the level of mRNA expression of HIF-1α. Conclusion Guizhi Fuling pill can inhibit the angiogenesis of endometriosis, and its mechanism is related to the inhibition of VEGF and HIF-1 alpha.

Objective To explore the efficacy of Xipayigingiva consolidation gargle for root canal flushing. Methods 543 teeth in 543 patients with acute or chronic pulpitis or apical periodontitis who needed root canal treatmentwere divided into three groups by completely randomized design. The three groups wereXipayigingiva consolidation gargle group, hydrogen peroxide group, and sodium hypochlorite group. Conventional pulp chamber incision, pulpectomy and root canals preparation were used for the affected teeth. Three different rinsing solutions were applied to flush root canal. One week later , signs and symptoms were observed , and success rate was assessed in patients by comparing among the three groups. Results Regardless of duration of disease course and patients′ oral health situation, the success rate did not differ significantly among the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Xipayi gingiva consolidation gargle has the same effect as sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide. It can be used as an alternative for flushing root canal.

Objective To summarize the experience of applying choledochoscopy, duodenoscopy and laparoscopy, one-stage suturing of common bile duct, to treat cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis that failed to respond to ordinary endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of twenty-five pa-tients with choledocholithiasis complicated with cholecystolithiasis. 25 cases of failure to endoscopic stone extraction underwent LC and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with primary suture of (BD) from June 2013 to June 2015. Results One patient was converted to laparotomy with small incision. The other one had residual stones and therefore underwent a second EST. After the treatment, two patients developed hyperamylasemia, which was cured by conservative therapy; One patient had bile leakage, which was treated by percutaneous drainage with no serious complications and death. No long-term complication was found in a portion of patients followed up until now. Conclusion In properly selected patients of duodenoscopy management-failed, synchronous treatment of combined application of three endoscopies in laparoscopic surgery with primary suture of (BD) is feasible, effective and safe.

OBJECTIVE Toprepareapolyclonalantibodyforspindlin1protein,anovelcancer related protein,and to provide the data for a better understanding of its functions and screening tu mor. METHODS Purifiedspindlin1proteinwasinjectedintorabbitstoproducethepolyclonalantiserumafter removing glutathione S-transferase (GST)from the fusion protein spindlin 1-GST that was expressed in Escherichia coli..The antiserum was purified through the Hitrap Protein A system,and the titer of spin-dlin 1 polyclonal antibody was detected by ELISA.The specificity of the polyclonal antibody was deter-minedbyWesternblottingandimmunohistochemistry.RESULTS Thetiterofspindlin1polyclonalanti-body was 1∶2000.Western blotting detection demonstrated that the spindlin 1 polyclonal antibody recog-nized myc-spindlin 1 reco mbinant fusion protein in HeLa cells transfected with pAdeasy-myc-spindlin 1 , which also corresponded with Myc.antibody.The HeLa cells were transfected with enhanced green fluo-rescence protein (EGFP)and spindlin 1 vector(pEGFP-C3-spindlin 1 ),which was confirmed by the in-dependent GFP fluorescence assay.The results of immunohistochemistry detection with the spindlin 1 polyclonal antibody suggested that spindlin 1 was mainly expressed in the nuclei of HeLa cells.More i m-portantly,in i mmunohistoche mical assays,the spindlin 1 antibody recognized nuclear spindlin 1 expres-sioninclinicalovariancancertissues.CONCLUSION Thespecificspindlin1polyclonalantibodyispre-pared,which may be used to detect cancer-related protein spindlin 1 in HeLa cells and ovarian cancer tissues.

Objective To explore the relationship between TLR3 mRNA expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and acute rotavirus(RV)diarrhea.Methods Sixty-one children with acute RV diarrhea served as study subject,the expression of TLR3 mRNA on PBMCs was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.the concentrations of IFN-γand TNF-α in serum were measured by the method of Enzyrme-linked immunosorbent assay(EUSA).Results The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the serious diarrhea group were 0. 820±0.051,(33.67±12.88)Pg/ml, (62.21±14.65)pg/ml,respectively,while it were 0.717±0.040,(24.01±10.06)pg/ml,(50.99± 12.18)pg/ml in the slight diarrhea group,and 0.525±0.029,(12.52±5.19)pg/ml,(28.65±7.44)pg/ml in the control group.Compared with the control group.the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α in the serious and slight diarrhea group were significantly higher(P<0.01).There were significant differences between the serious and slight diarrhea group(P<0.01).There were positive relationship between the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and tHe serum IFN-γ,TNF-α levels(r=0.431,P< 0.05,r=0.372,P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs in children with acute rotavirus dialThea iS up-regulated,TLR3 and its mediated immune response are associated with the development of acute rotavirus diarrhea.

Oxaliplatin-loaded nanostuctured lipid carriers (OP-NLC) were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification method. And its optimal prescription was selected by orthogonal design. The laser light scattering technique, zeta potential analyzer, TEM, DSC, XRD and HPLC were employed to study the physicochemical parameters of OP-NLC, which displayed in terms of particle size, zeta potential, crystalline, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency. The results showed that OP-NLC had an average diameter of (111 +/- 20) nm, zeta potential of (-27.4 +/- 13.1) mV, encapsulation efficiency of (77.4 +/- 2.5) % and drug content of (0.8 +/- 1.5) mg mL(-1). TEM, DSC and XRD indicated that OP-NLC was spherical and the drug was dispersed as nanoparticles by means of non-crystalline. The in vitro release test showed that the drug could be sustained-released from NLC in buffer solution (pH 4.5) after a burst release in initial phase.