Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality of any cancer in the world. In recent years, with the development of microbial detection technology, the intratumor microbiota has gradually become a hot spot and frontier in the field of lung cancer research. Studies have found that the microbiota present in tumors can influence the development of lung cancer in a variety of ways. In addition, the intratumor microbiota can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of lung cancer, and the regulation of the intratumor microbiota of lung cancer is expected to become a new type of lung cancer treatment. In this paper, we reviewed the latest research progress on the relationship between intratumor microbiota and lung cancer, summarized the origin and characteristics of intratumor microbiota, discussed the mechanism of its influence on the occurrence and development of lung cancer, and explored its potential applications in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer.
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Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Microbiota ; Animals ; Prognosis

Enamel demineralization, the formation of white spot lesions, is a common issue in clinical orthodontic treatment. The appearance of white spot lesions not only affects the texture and health of dental hard tissues but also impacts the health and aesthetics of teeth after orthodontic treatment. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of white spot lesions that occur throughout the orthodontic treatment process involve multiple dental specialties. This expert consensus will focus on providing guiding opinions on the management and prevention of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment, advocating for proactive prevention, early detection, timely treatment, scientific follow-up, and multidisciplinary management of white spot lesions throughout the orthodontic process, thereby maintaining the dental health of patients during orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Caries/etiology* ; Dental Enamel/pathology* ; Tooth Demineralization/etiology* ; Tooth Remineralization

The prevalence of Class III malocclusion varies among different countries and regions. The populations from Southeast Asian countries (Chinese and Malaysian) showed the highest prevalence rate of 15.8%, which can seriously affect oral function, facial appearance, and mental health. As anterior crossbite tends to worsen with growth, early orthodontic treatment can harness growth potential to normalize maxillofacial development or reduce skeletal malformation severity, thereby reducing the difficulty and shortening the treatment cycle of later-stage treatment. This is beneficial for the physical and mental growth of children. Therefore, early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion is particularly important. Determining the optimal timing for early orthodontic treatment requires a comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, dental age, and skeletal age, and can lead to better results with less effort. Currently, standardized treatment guidelines for early orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion are lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the etiology, clinical manifestations, classification, and early orthodontic techniques for Class III malocclusion, along with systematic discussions on selecting early treatment plans. The purpose of this expert consensus is to standardize clinical practices and improve the treatment outcomes of Class III malocclusion through early orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/classification* ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Child

Objective To map the genome-wide distribution profile of histone H3K27me3 modification in diffuse gastric cancer tissues,identify target genes regulated by H3K27me3,and primarily explore the potential mechanism of its modification reprogramming in the occurrence and development of the tumor.Methods Normal gastric mucosal tissues and diffuse gastric cancer tissues were harvested from the patients who underwent examinations or treatments in the departments of gastroenterology and gastrointestinal surgery of our medical center between 2021 and 2023.There were 14 patients in the normal group(6 males and 8 females,average age of 46 years)and 14 patients in the gastric cancer group(8 males and 6 females,average age of 63 years).Cleavage under target and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)technology was employed to capture genomic regions modified by H3K27me3,and analyze the reprogramming characteristics of these modifications.RNA sequencing data,data from high-throughput chromosome conformation capture(Hi-C)technology,and publicly available single-cell data were integrated to investigate the target genes regulated by the reprogramming of H3K27me3 modifications in diffuse gastric cancer cells.Results The quality of the CUT&Tag and RNA sequencing data met the standards required for subsequent analysis.Histone H3K27me3 modifications in normal gastric mucosa and diffuse gastric cancer tissues were primarily distributed in distal intergenic regions and intronic regions.In gastric cancer tissues,compared to normal tissues,there was significant reprogramming of H3K27me3 modifications,characterized by a marked reduction in overall H3K27me3 signal intensity.The loss of 2 912 H3K27me3 signal peaks might lead to the up-regulation of 822 tumor-associated genes.Among them,56 genes displayed the most significant up-regulation(fold change in signal intensity≥2,P<0.05),with notable enrichment in the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)signaling pathway.Specifically,the methionine transporter SLC7A5 and the cystine transporter SLC7A11 were found to have the highest expression levels in gastric cancer tissues.Single-cell data revealed that the abnormal overexpression of SLC7A11 in diffuse gastric cancer was primarily observed in tumor epithelial cells.Further validation using public data and immunohistochemical experiments confirmed the elevated expression of SLC7A11 in diffuse gastric cancer,which is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients.Conclusion The reprogramming of histone H3K27me3 modification is an important epigenetic characteristic in diffuse gastric cancer.Loss of H3K27me3 signal peaks may up-regulate the expression of SLC7A11 in diffuse gastric cancer cells,and thereby promote tumor progression.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of endoscopic sign of light blue crest(LBC)capsuling papillary lesion(LCPL)for high-risk intestinal metaplasia(IM).Methods A total of 314 patients(352 biopsy specimens)who underwent endoscopic examination and biopsy in Department of Gastroenterology of Army Medical Center of PLA from January 2021 to June 2023 were recruited,and HE and HID-AB staining(the golden standard of high-risk IM)were apllied to detect the histological types and IM types.The samples were subsequently divided into chronic inflammation group,low-risk IM group,high-risk IM group,well-differentiated intestinal-type gastric cancer group,and poorly-differentiated intestinal-type gastric cancer group.The positive rate of LCPL in each group and its diagnostic efficacy were analyzed based on endoscopic images of the biopsy sites.Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between LCPL sign and high-risk IM,as well as the clinical and pathological features associated with LCPL sign.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of LCPL for high-risk IM,using indicators such as sensitivity,specificity,Youden index and area under the curve(AUC).Results The positive rate of the LCPL sign in high-risk IM group was 75.70%,significantly higher than that of the other groups(all P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that LCPL sign was significantly correlated with high-risk IM(OR=30.286,95%CI:13.528～67.804,P<0.001).When the sign was employed in diagnosing high-risk IM,the sensitivity was 69.84%,the specificity was 93.75%,the Youden's index was 0.636,and the AUC value was 0.818(95%CI:0.773～0.857).Besides sensitivity,all above parameters of LCPL sign showed significantly better diagnostic efficacy than those of traditional LBC sign,which is used as a sign for diagnosing IM(P<0.001).Moreover,recognition of LCPL sign was not easily affected by age(OR=1.130,95%CI:0.709～1.800,P=0.607),lesion site(Angular incisure:OR=2.360,95%CI:0.732～7.613,P=0.151;Autrum:OR=2.257,95%CI:0.756～6.744,P=0.145),and presence of peptic ulcers(OR=1.085,95%CI:0.208～5.652,P=0.923).Significantly,94.12%of positive and 66.94%of negative LCPL signs could be rapidly recognized within 3 s(OR=4.536,95%CI:1.372～14.997,P=0.013).Conclusion LCPL sign shows high efficacy and potential clinical application value for high-risk IM in gastric mucosa of endoscopic diagnosis.

Objective To identify the enhancer landscape marked by histone H3K27ac modifications in diffuse-type gastric cancer(DGC)tissues,and to elucidate the epigenetic remodeling mechanisms by which active enhancers regulate cachexia-related genes.Methods Gastric mucosal tissue samples were collected from Department of Gastroenterology of Army Medical Center of PLA during January 2022 to March 2023,including 10 normal gastric mucosa tissues(Normal group),10 DGC tissues diagnosed with cachexia(DGC group),and 10 organoids derived from DGC tissues(Organoid group).Using H3K27ac chromatin targeting cleavage and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)technology,genomic modification regions were captured to screen specific active enhancers and their potential target genes in DGC tissues.CRISPR-dCas9 gene editing technology was used to intervene with the enhancers,and the expression of target genes was detected with Western blotting and qRT-PCR.Sixteen female SPF-grade BALB/c Nude mice(6～8 weeks old,weighing 18～21 g)were utilized to establish an orthotopic xenograft tumor model using the human diffuse-type gastric cancer cell line MKN45.Cachexia-related phenotypes were evaluated in 3 groups:normal group(n=4),silencing group(n=6),and control group(n=6).Results Significant differential enhancer regions were identified between DGC and normal gastric mucosa tissues.DGC tissues exhibited a marked increase in enhancer abundance(P<0.05)and signal intensity when compared with the normal counterparts.Integrated analysis of transcriptome data revealed that some of these active enhancers up-regulated the expression of GDF15,a cachexia-associated target gene in DGC.Targeted silencing of the active enhancer of GDF15 using CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB plasmid technology resulted in a significant reduction in GDF15 expression at both mRNA levels(P<0.05)and protein.Results from orthotopic transplantation experiments of DGC demonstrated that silencing of active enhancers alleviated the cachexia phenotype in nude mice(P<0.05).Conclusion DGC exhibits enhancer remodeling,which regulates the expression of the cachexia-associated gene GDF15,and thereby contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of cancer cachexia.

By extracting quantitative radiomic features from regions of interest in medical images and correlating them with the biological features and heterogeneity of tumors, radiomics can provide critical information and a basis for personalized precision diagnosis and treatment. Peritumoral regions contain a wealth of microbiological information. Therefore, chest CT peritumoral radiomics, which can provide quantitative non-invasive assessment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by mining the deep heterogeneity of peritumoral regions, has broad prospects for future clinical applications. Given the rapid progress in computer and medical big data techniques, as well as the in-depth efforts in multi-center, high-quality, and large-sample data in the future, it is reasonably believed that radiomics research will be gradually normalized and reproducible. This is conducive to the translation and application of radiomics research to clinical practice, thus laying a foundation for personalized and accurate diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for lung cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE To in vestigate inhibitory effect s of gallic acid （GA）on human esophageal cancer TE- 1 cells in vitro and its potential mechanism. METHODS The effects of GA on the proliferation of TE- 1 cells were determined by MTT assay after treated with GA for 24 h and 48 h. Cell fluorescence counting （CCK-F）method and inverted fluorescence microscope were used to observe the changes in the number and morphology of TE- 1 cells after treated with GA. The change of cell migration ability was detected by scratch test. The effects of GA on the colony-forming ability of TE- 1 cells were tested by plate colony formation experiment. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Fluorescence probe （DCFH-DA）method was used to observe reactive oxygen species （ROS）production. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of caspase- 3，caspase-9，Bcl-2，Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax），cyclin D 1 and cyclin D 3. RESULTS GA significantly reduced the proliferation ability of TE- 1 cells in time and concentration dependent manner. the IC 50 of GA to TE- 1 cells were （281.22±26.81）μmol/L（24 h）and（220.90±31.15） μ mol/L（48 h），respectively. Compared with control group ，the cells in the administration group showed shrinkage ，sparse arrangement and nuclear pyknosis ，and the number of cells decreased significantly. Compared with control group ，the cell migration ability and colony formation ability were decreased significantly in administration groups （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. The apoptosis rates of TE- 1 cells were （6.21±0.32）％，（12.59±0.58）％ and（15.41±0.41）％ after treated with 100，300 and 500 μmol/L GA for 24 h，all of which were significantly higher than （5.29±0.28）％ of control group （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. Except for GA 100 μmol/L group，the level of ROS in other administration groups were significantly increased （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. Compared with control group，the expressions of Bcl- 2（only GA 200 μmol/L group），Bax（except for GA 100 μmol/L），caspase-3 and caspase- 9（except for GA 100 μmol/L）were increased significantly （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05），while the protein expressions of Bcl- 2（except GA 100， 200 μmol/L group），cyclin D 1 and cyclin D 3 were significantly decreased （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS GA can inhibit the proliferation of esophageal cancer TE- 1 cells， E-mail：1209364115@qq.com restrict their migration ability and colony-forming ability ，and promote apoptosis. The mechanism may be related to the increase of ROS level ，up-regulation of the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins caspase- 3，caspase-9 and Bax ，and down-regulation of the expressions of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl- 2，cyclin D1 and cyclin D 3.

【Objective】 To analyze and mine the prescription rules of traditional Chinese medicine enema treatment of chronic kidney disease （CKD） in CNKI platform journals based on data mining and network pharmacology so as to find high-frequency core Chinese medicines and predict the potential targets of core Chinese medicines and explore the mechanism of action of core Chinese medicines in the treatment of CKD. 【Methods】 Taking CNKI as the data source， we retrieved the clinical literature of traditional Chinese medicine enema in the treatment of CKD. SPSS modeler 18.0 statistical software was used for statistical processing and association rule analysis. IBM SPSS statistics 21 statistical software was used for cluster analysis. BATMAN-TCM and TCMSP were used to retrieve the effective components and related targets of drugs. Genecards， OMIN， Drugbank， DisGenet， TTD， and PharmGkb databases were used to retrieve disease-related targets， and Venny platform was used to screen disease and drug intersection targets. We used STRING database to obtain relevant documents， Cytoscape 3.8.2 software for visual analysis， Metascape database for enrichment analysis， Wechat website to draw bubble diagram， and AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software for molecular docking prediction. 【Results】 We selected 276 effective prescriptions involving 120 traditional Chinese medicines. The frequency of 19 traditional Chinese medicines was more than 10. Totally 18 core drug combinations were obtained. Cluster analysis could be divided into four categories. The visual net-work analysis shows that “rhubarb， dandelion， oyster， Salvia miltiorrhiza and aconite” are highly correlated and occupy the core position. Through the prediction of the potential targets of five core drugs， 659 “drug disease” intersection targets and 173 core targets were obtained， of which “MAPK1， AKT1 and STAT3” are the key targets， “progesterone， neocryptotanshinone Ⅱ and emodin”. It is predicted that it may play a role in “PI3K Akt signal pathway， MAPK signal pathway， JAK-STAT signal pathway”. Molecular docking showed that the key components have good binding activity with key targets. 【Conclusion】 Based on data mining and network pharmacology， traditional Chinese medicine enema treatment of CKD mainly uses rhubarb as the main drug， assisting warming yang to remove blood stasis and turbidity relief drugs. The key components of its core drug can act on PI3K-Akt by regulating key targets such as PIK3R1. Signal pathways and other pathways play a role in providing new ideas for the treatment of this disease with traditional Chinese medicine enema， medication strategies for clinical prescriptions， and a basis for follow-up further research.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and the clinical value of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in treatment of localized prostate cancer.Methods Clinical data of 26 patients with localized prostate cancer treated with extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were pathologic diagnosed with prostate cancer by preoperative prostate biopsy or transurethral resection of prostate surgery.Gleason grade was from 6-8.Results Twenty-six operations were successfully accomplished ,without converting to open approach.The operative time was 120-270 min(mean was 165 min) ,the intraoperative blood loss was 180-650 ml (mean was 320 ml) ,indwelling catheter time 12-19 d (mean was 14 d).There were 6 cases with little uroclepsia, satisfactory with urination after contract urethral sphincter for 1-3 Months.Pathologically confirmed all prostate cancer;2 cases of positive margins after surgery plus endocrine therapy.All the cases were followed up from 2 to 36 months.The biochemical recurrence was 5 cases who had undergone endocrine therapy.Conclusion Extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a safe and feasible procedure with little trauma, small bleeding and fast recovery which is well worth popularizing.Replace open surgery may become frist choice therapeutic method for localized prostate cancer.