Retinal degenerative diseases are a group of blinding ocular disorders characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of retinal neural cells. They mainly include age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. At present, there are no curative clinical therapies capable of reversing the disease course. Patients have poor long-term visual prognosis, imposing a heavy public-health burden on families and society. Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived exosomes, as a novel cell-free therapeutic vector, have emerged as a research hotspot due to their low immunogenicity, no tumorigenic risk, and excellent tissue barrier penetration ability. This review systematically summarizes the core mechanisms of MSC-derived exosomes in regulating immune inflammation, inhibiting apoptosis, and promoting retinal neuroprotection and structural/functional recovery via miRNA and tsRNA, compares the efficacy differences and existing controversies among exosomes from different sources, and outlines the advances in intraocular delivery technologies and engineering modification strategies. Combined with preclinical and clinical data, the current bottlenecks and safety evidence for clinical translation were objectively described. Meanwhile, in view of the heterogeneity among existing studies, this review proposes future directions including standardized preparation and the establishment of efficacy evaluation systems, so as to provide theoretical references for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for retinal degenerative diseases.

Objective To analyze macular region changes before and after retinal detachment surgery using optical co-herence tomography and their relationship with the vision. Methods Sixty-three patients with uncomplicated rheg-matogenous retinal detachment involved in macula undergoing retinal reattachment surgery were collected. Detection best corrected visual acuity and epiretinal implant by OCT at 1 week,1 month,3 months and 12 months, and were ana-lyzed by statisti cal analysis. Results One week compared with the preoperative, postoperative visual acuity improve-ment difference was statistically significant(χ2=10.864, P<0.01). 11.1% of patients with macular subretinal fluid com-pletely absorbed, was statistically difference(t=5.103, P<0.01); Compared with postoperative 1 week, 1 month after vision was no statistically significant difference(χ2=2.741,P>2.741), after 1 month,12.8%of patients with macular sub-retinal fluid completely absorbed, was statistically difference(t=4.893, P<0.01); After three months compared with 1 month following surgery, vision improvement difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.962,P<0.05). 17.5% of pa-tients in the macular area after 3 month subretinal fluid absorption,statistically significant(t=5.174,P<0.05);After 12 months compared with the postoperative 3 months, eyesight situation difference was statistically significant(χ2=7.146,P<0.05). 93.7% of patients in the macular area in December after the subretinal fluid absorption, was statistically difference (t=2.946,P<0.05). Conclusion OCT can objectively reflect the retinal detachment of postoperative changes in the macular area form,and provide help for condition evaluation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of MALAT 1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its biological function.

METHODReal-time PCR was used to detect the expression of MALAT1 in 5-8F, C666-1, CNE-1, CNE-2, HONE-1, 6-10B and NP69 cell lines. CNE-1 cells engineered with MALAT1 RNA interference (RNAi) and RNA activation (RNAa) techniques were examined for changes in cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis using CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, Transwell in vitro invasion assay and wound-healing assay ability.

RESULTSMALAT1 was highly expressed in 5-8F cells with a high metastatic potential, and lowly expressed in normal nasopharyngeal epithelium cells. Overexpression of MALAT1 by RNAa suppressed the expression of E-cadherin, promoted the expression of vimentin and enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of CNE-1 cells.

CONCLUSIONMALAT1 can enhance the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of CNE-1 cells.

Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Genes, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective:To explore the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) based on a community population of Shanghai and the treatment of IBS by acupuncture therapy.Methods:A population of 1 685 subjects aged between 18-80 years were randomly selected by clustered sampling from the inhabitants in Changqiao Community of Shanghai to receive a questionnaire,for understanding the symptomatology and prevalence of IBS according to modified Manning and Rome II criteria,and the voluntary IBS patients were treated by acupuncture therapy.Results:The community- based prevalence of IBS was 11.45 % and 5.04% respectively according to modified Manning criteria and Rome II criteria.The ratio of male and female was 0.77:1 in IBS patients and the proportion was 10.62% and 12.19% respectively.But there were no significant difference in prevalence between different age groups (P＞0.05) .IBS is more common in subjects aged between 45-65 years (38.86%).Regarding the 62 IBS patients treated by electroacupuncture (EA),the total effective rate in Tianshu (ST 25) group (n=32) was 84.38%,and it was 56.67% in Daheng (SP 15) group (n=30),which showed a significant difference.(P＜0.05).Conclusion:IBS is a commonly encountered disorder in Changqiao Community of Shanghai and should be taken into consideration for human welfare,disease prevention and further epidemical investigation.Acupuncture treatment is recommended for treating IBS due to its satisfactory therapeutic effect.