Objective:To evaluate prenatal and postnatal management strategies for ovarian cysts in fetuses and infants under three months of age.Methods:This retrospective analysis included 94 cases managed at Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (December 2013 to December 2023) with prenatal/postnatal imaging, management, and outcomes data. Cysts were stratified by diameter: <3 cm ( n=44), 3-4 cm ( n=19), and ≥4 cm ( n=31). Proportions of complex cysts and ovarian necrosis rates were compared using Chi-square tests. Results:Among 94 cases , 62 were simple ovarian cysts and 32 complex (including two initially simple cysts that converted to complex in utero). Prenatal diagnosis occurred in 67 cases (52 simple, 15 complex) without intrauterine intervention and 27 were postnatally detected (10 simple, 17 complex). Ovarian necrosis affected 93.8% (30/32) of complex cysts. Both 3-4 cm and ≥4 cm groups demonstrated significantly higher complex cyst rates [12/19 and 48.3% (15/31) vs. 11.4% (5/44), χ2=15.53 and 10.92, both P<0.001] and ovarian necrosis frequencies [12/19 and 45.2% (14/31) vs. 9.1% (4/44), χ2=17.72 and 11.07, both P<0.001] compared to the <3 cm group, whereas no significant differences existed between 3-4 cm and ≥4 cm groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions:For postnatal management, surgical intervention is recommended for complex ovarian cysts in fetuses and infants within three months of age. For simple cysts ≥4 cm, surgery is advised, while those measuring 3-4 cm warrant close monitoring due to elevated necrosis risk.

Objective:To evaluate prenatal and postnatal management strategies for ovarian cysts in fetuses and infants under three months of age.Methods:This retrospective analysis included 94 cases managed at Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (December 2013 to December 2023) with prenatal/postnatal imaging, management, and outcomes data. Cysts were stratified by diameter: <3 cm ( n=44), 3-4 cm ( n=19), and ≥4 cm ( n=31). Proportions of complex cysts and ovarian necrosis rates were compared using Chi-square tests. Results:Among 94 cases , 62 were simple ovarian cysts and 32 complex (including two initially simple cysts that converted to complex in utero). Prenatal diagnosis occurred in 67 cases (52 simple, 15 complex) without intrauterine intervention and 27 were postnatally detected (10 simple, 17 complex). Ovarian necrosis affected 93.8% (30/32) of complex cysts. Both 3-4 cm and ≥4 cm groups demonstrated significantly higher complex cyst rates [12/19 and 48.3% (15/31) vs. 11.4% (5/44), χ2=15.53 and 10.92, both P<0.001] and ovarian necrosis frequencies [12/19 and 45.2% (14/31) vs. 9.1% (4/44), χ2=17.72 and 11.07, both P<0.001] compared to the <3 cm group, whereas no significant differences existed between 3-4 cm and ≥4 cm groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions:For postnatal management, surgical intervention is recommended for complex ovarian cysts in fetuses and infants within three months of age. For simple cysts ≥4 cm, surgery is advised, while those measuring 3-4 cm warrant close monitoring due to elevated necrosis risk.

Children short bowel syndrome(SBS)is a malabsorption with acquired reduction in length of the small intestine or congenital bowel anomalies which cannot meet the needs of normal growth and development,and requires parenteral nutrition to support longer than 42 days.Due to the changes of intestinal structure and function,long-term intravenous nutrition,and antibiotic use,the intestinal flora of children with SBS is often disordered.Maintaining the diversity and stability of intestinal flora in children with SBS plays an important role in protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier,enhancing intestinal adaptation,withdrawing PN early,and reducing complications such as intestinal failure-related liver damage.Probiotics play an important role in maintaining the stability of intestinal flora,regulating metabolism and immunity.However,the role of probiotics in SBS is still controversial.This article summarizes the characteristics of intestinal flora in children with SBS and its effects on the body,and the role of probiotics in maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal flora in children with SBS,hoping to provide reference for the clinical treatment of children with SBS.

Children short bowel syndrome(SBS)is a malabsorption with acquired reduction in length of the small intestine or congenital bowel anomalies which cannot meet the needs of normal growth and development,and requires parenteral nutrition to support longer than 42 days.Due to the changes of intestinal structure and function,long-term intravenous nutrition,and antibiotic use,the intestinal flora of children with SBS is often disordered.Maintaining the diversity and stability of intestinal flora in children with SBS plays an important role in protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier,enhancing intestinal adaptation,withdrawing PN early,and reducing complications such as intestinal failure-related liver damage.Probiotics play an important role in maintaining the stability of intestinal flora,regulating metabolism and immunity.However,the role of probiotics in SBS is still controversial.This article summarizes the characteristics of intestinal flora in children with SBS and its effects on the body,and the role of probiotics in maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal flora in children with SBS,hoping to provide reference for the clinical treatment of children with SBS.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of serum citrulline levels in evaluating the remnant bowel absorptive function with enterostomy in the neonatal period by means of tandem mass spectrum so as to guide clinical treatment with parenteral nutrition(PN) or not.Methods The serum amino acid profiles of 30 enterostomy infants including small intestinal enterostomy 17 cases of enterostomy and 13 cases of colon enterostomy and 20 cases of control infants in Wuhan Children's Hospital,Tongji Medical College University of Science & Technology from January 2016 to June 2018 were performed by using tandem mass spectrum,and the related amino acid with the bowel absorbing ability-citrulline was screened out.The Pearson correlation of the serum citrulline levels with the gain weight of the infants was studied.Results The weight of small intestinal enterostomy was significantly lower than colon enterostomy and control infants [(3.22 ± 1.00) kg vs.(5.63 ± 0.66) kg and (6.09 ± 0.85) kg],and there was statistical significance (F =57.23,P ＜ 0.05).Serum citrulline levels were significantly lower in small intestinal enterostomy compared with colon enterostomy and controls [(10.65 ± 5.82) μmol/L vs.(16.57 ± 4.33) μmol/L and (16.52 ± 4.20) μmol/L],and there was statistical significance (F =8.29,P ＜ 0.05).In enterostomy infants serum citrulline was positively correlated with gain weight everyday(r =0.65,P ＜ 0.05).Serum citrulline level ＜ 12 μmol/L had 81.3％ sensitivity and 71.4％ specificity for underweight.Conclusions Serum citrulline is a simple and accurate biomarker for evaluation of the absorptive function and adaptation of the enterostomy infants.Serum citrulline level ＜ 12 μmol/L is a strong predictor of PN-dependence in infants with temporary enterostomy.

Objective:To establish the multidrug resistant animal model of CT26 colon cancercells in mice with the use of chemotherapy. Methods:CT26 colon cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into the right oxters of the mice.Fluorouracil and doxorubicin were combined into chemotherapy.Drown growth curve and calculate doubling generation time,chemotherapeutics drug sensitivity and drug fast index number of the tumor cells before and after chemotherapy were evaluated by MTT method.Levels of MDR1b mRNA were measured by RT-PCR.Eliminate function of P-gp were measured by flow cytometer.Results:Doubling generation time of the persister was higher than the parent cells.Drug resistance indexes were 29.3,26.4,10.9,7.0,5.8,3.0、and 2.8 respectively to ACT,ADM,VCR,HCPT,5-Fu,DAM,and VP16 after chemotherapy and the drug sensitivity were lower.The levels of MDR1b mRNA increased after chemotherapy and P-gp excretive ability was higher than that of no chemotherapy group.Conclusion:The multidrug resistant animal model has established successfully,which provided animal model for our study and research in the acquired multidrug resistance,and established groundwork for the research in increasing the chemotherapy effect.