This paper introduces the "eight-dimensional materia medica framework" theory proposed by Professor TONG Xiaolin and， in light of his academic perspectives and clinical experience， explores its inheritance and innovation of the concept of "four pillars of medicinals" by ZHANG Jiebin of Ming-dynasty from multiple angles. Building upon the four foundational medicinals， Renshen （Panax ginseng）， Shudihuang （Rehmannia glutinosa Praeparata）， Fuzi （Aconitum carmichaelii Praeparata）， and Dahuang （Rheum palmatum）， as the "four pillars of medicinals"， and using eight-principle pattern differentiation framework， this theory expands the representative medicinals to eight. It establishes the "eight-dimensional materia medica framework"， i.e. exterior-Mahuang （Ephedra sinica）， interior-Rougui （Cinnamomum cassia）， cold-Huanglian （Coptis chinensis）， heat-Ganjiang （Zingiber officinale）， deficiency-Renshen （Panax ginseng）， excess-Dahuang （Rheum palmatum）， yin-Shudihuang （Rehmannia glutinosa Praeparata）， and yang-Fuzi （Aconitum carmichaelii Praeparata）. This framework highlights the pivotal roles of these eight medicinals in the treatment of exterior and interior patterns， cold and heat syndromes， deficiency and excess conditions， as well as yin deficiency and yang deficiency. Integrated with the state-target differentiation and treatment theory， this approach enriches the traditional actions of the eight representative medicinals by incorporating findings from modern pharmacological research， achieving a transition from macroscopic regulation of pathological states to microscopic target-oriented intervention. Furthermore， through investigations into dose-effect relationships and the expansion of principles for herbal compatibility， the clinical practicality of the "eight-dimensional materia medica framework" is further demonstrated， promoting the integrative development of Chinese and western medicine at the level of clinical application of Chinese materia medica.

To explore the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and integrative TCM-Western medicine approaches in the treatment of diabetic microvascular complications （DMC）， refine key pathophysiological insights and treatment principles， and promote academic innovation and strategic research planning in the prevention and treatment of DMC. The 38th session of the Expert Salon on Diseases Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine， hosted by the China Association of Chinese Medicine， was held in Beijing， 2024. Experts in TCM， Western medicine， and interdisciplinary fields convened to conduct a systematic discussion on the pathogenesis， diagnostic and treatment challenges， and mechanism research related to DMC， ultimately forming a consensus on key directions. Four major research recommendations were proposed. The first is addressing clinical bottlenecks in the prevention and control of DMC by optimizing TCM-based evidence evaluation systems. The second is refining TCM core pathogenesis across DMC stages and establishing corresponding "disease-pattern-time" framework. The third is innovating mechanism research strategies to facilitate a shift from holistic regulation to targeted intervention in TCM. The fourth is advancing interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance the role of TCM in new drug development， research prioritization， and guideline formulation. TCM and integrative approaches offer distinct advantages in managing DMC. With a focus on the diseases responding specifically to TCM， strengthening evidence-based support and mechanism interpretation and promoting the integration of clinical care and research innovation will provide strong momentum for the modernization of TCM and the advancement of national health strategies.

Colitis is a common intestinal disease characterized by a chronic course, impaired quality of life and poor prognosis. Due to the anatomical specificity of the colon, the development of targeted and efficient drug delivery systems has become a research focus. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nano drug delivery systems have been widely used in colitis treatment owing to their ease of preparation, controllable quality and excellent targeting capability. In this review, the general situation of colitis was summarized. Based on the classification of drug delivery carriers of different materials, the application progress of organic polymers, inorganic materials, biological and metallic nano drug delivery systems in colitis therapy was introduced. The potential of these four types of nano drug delivery systems was summarized and analyzed.

Carrier-free self-assembled nanodrugs show broad application prospects in cancer treatment. Compared with carrier-based nanodrugs, carrier-free self-assembled nanodrugs have the advantages of strong targeting ability and high safety, which can significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy against cancer. Their preparation process is simple, involving a variety of non-covalent interactions, and they exhibit better biocompatibility and immune effects in vaccine development. Carrier-free self-assembled nanodrugs can be divided into nanodrugs based on prodrugs, free drugs, and amphiphilic drug conjugates. In this review, the preparation methods of these three types of carrier-free self-assembled nanodrugs and their research progress in cancer treatment in recent years were summarized, and their clinical applications and future prospects were discussed.

Pullulan, a natural polysaccharide, has good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Pullulan and its derivatives show broad application prospects in tumor-targeted delivery and therapy. In this review, various nano delivery systems based on pullulan and its derivatives were reviewed. Among them, pullulan-related nanogels, nanoparticles, and nanomicelles can enhance the targeting and penetration of chemotherapeutic drugs while reducing toxicity to normal tissues, pullulan-related gene nano delivery systems can show good performance and improve gene transfection efficiency, and pullulan-related bioresponsive nano delivery systems can further enhance therapeutic efficacy while avoiding multidrug resistance.

Biomineralization is a unique process for generating biominerals and has become a popular area of research in biomedical materials due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, as well as the simple and economical synthesis process. In this review, the fundamental concepts of biomineralization and the principles of organic matrix-induced nucleation were introduced. According to the biomimetic mineralization technology mediated by matrices such as proteins and their derivatives, nucleic acids, nanozymes, polysaccharides, organisms, polymers and metal-organic frameworks, the application progress of biomineralization technology to drug delivery by protecting active molecules, constructing drug carriers and responding to acidic environments was reviewed. The difficult problems to be solved were also summarized.

Objective To investigate the incidence of colorectal serrated lesions(SL)combined with advanced neoplasia(AN)and to analyze the risk factors for SL combined AN.Methods A total of 297 patients with colorectal polyps detected by endoscopy and pathologically suggestive of SL from 1st October 2021 to 30th September 2023 in the First People's Hospital of Huzhou.They were divided into combined group(n=33)and uncomplicated group(n=264)according to whether they were combined with AN or not,and the clinicopathologic differences between two groups were compared and the coexisting risk factors were analyzed.Results Age ≥ 50 years,male,history of polyps,polyp size and different SL subtypes were all risk factors for SL combined with AN,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that age,male,history of polypos,and SL size were independent risk factors for SL combined with AN.Conclusion Males,older age,previous history of polyps,and larger SL lesions were more likely to have combined AN.

Purpose To explore the characteristics of left and right ventricular myocardial strain in hypertensive heart disease(HHD)assessed by magnetic resonance feature tracking technique,and to assess the effect of HHD on right ventricular function.Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients with HHD at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2022 to August 2023.Among these 40 HHD patients,19 presented with a left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)of≥50%,and 21 presented with an LVEF of<50%.Additionally,25 healthy controls were enrolled.All subjects underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.The cine sequence images were imported into cardiac post-processing analysis software(QIR suite software).The left ventricular radial strain(LVRS),left ventricular circumferential strain(LVCS),left ventricular longitudinal strain(LVLS)and right ventricular longitudinal strain(RVLS)were measured,and left and right ventricular strain parameters of the three groups were analyzed statistically.Results The absolute values of LVRS,LVCS,LVLS and RVLS in the HHD group with LVEF<50%were lower than those in the normal control group(t=7.48,-12.69,-8.19,-6.32,all P<0.001)and those in the HHD group with LVEF≥50%(t=5.97,-8.88,-4.50,-4.90,all P<0.001);the area under the curve values of LVRS,LVCS,LVLS and RVLS for distinguishing HHD from normal controls were 0.804,0.785,0.829,0.832,respectively,and the cut-off values of LVRS,LVCS,LVLS and RVLS were 22.9%,-10.0%,-11.9%and-18.7%,respectively.Conclusion Magnetic resonance feature tracking technique can detect left and right ventricular myocardial dysfunction in HHD at an early stage and can provide a new basis for evaluating cardiac function.

By reconstructing the integrated Chinese and western medicine diagnostic and treatment system， the "Two Reconstructions" theoretical framework establishes a standardized pathway of "classification-staging-syndrome differentiation"， which improves the accuracy of disease identification and strengthens the capacity for full-course intervention； in addition， by reconstructing the modern materia medica system， it innovatively integrates the traditional properties and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicinals with modern pharmacological mechanisms， forming a "state-target co-regulation" precise medication model， and builds a dose-effect theoretical system for prescriptions and medicinals， thereby enhancing both the targeting accuracy and dosage precision of therapeutic interventions. The "Two Reconstructions" theorecitcal framework is a key strategy for enhancing clinical efficacy. It can precisely identify "states" and "targets" for directed intervention， shift the focus of prevention and treatment earlier to enable full-cycle management， establish standardized paradigms for reproducible and evaluable efficacy， and expand the scope of clinical practice to address conditions without typical syndromes and critical illnesses. As a systematic pathway for innovation in TCM， this theoretical framework provides valuable insights and references for promoting the high-quality development of integrative Chinese and western medicine.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive malignancy predominantly managed via chemotherapy. Our clinical sample analysis revealed a significant correlation between elevated CD24 expression in TNBC tumor cells and patient survival rates. We developed a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), named HN03, consisting of an antibody with engineered cysteines for site-specific conjugation with a low toxic nitric oxide (NO) precursor as its payload through a novel Pt(IV)-mediated bioorthogonal self-cleavable linker. HN03 specifically targets tumor cells expressing high levels of CD24, concurrently generating cisplatin and releasing NO upon activation. HN03 also exhibited potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. It significantly reduced tumor growth at various doses, prevented tumor metastasis, with markedly lower toxicity than traditional chemotherapy agents. We found that a key mechanism of its action involved inducing apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress, substantially decreasing the number of M2-type macrophages. Overall, HN03 stands out as a promising therapeutic option for TNBC, offering a targeted treatment with reduced side effects and the potential for improved outcomes. Furthermore, using Pt(IV) in the linker and an NO precursor as the payload enhances the versatility of the Antibody-NO donor Conjugate (ANC), offering new avenues for the design of the next generation of ADCs.