Alzheimer's disease （AD） is a common type of dementia， primarily characterized by cognitive and behavioral impairments as well as deficits in learning and memory. The progression of AD has imposed a significant economic burden on society and families. However， its exact pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Currently， available therapeutic drugs are limited and are often accompanied by serious adverse effects. Traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） and their extracts are mostly natural products and possess advantages such as multi-pathway regulation and relatively few adverse reactions. Experimental studies have shown that TCMs exhibit great potential in the prevention and treatment of AD. For example， Huanglian Jieduang， Danggui Shaoyaosan， Kaixin San， Liuwei Dihuangwan， Buyang Huanwutang， as well as Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Astragali Radix， Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis， Coptidis Rhizoma， Gardeniae Fructus， Ginkgo Folium， Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， and Curcumae Longae Rhizoma， can reduce β-amyloid deposition， inhibit excessive Tau protein phosphorylation， restore mitochondrial function， alleviate oxidative stress， suppress neuroinflammation and apoptosis， repair synaptic function， and improve gut microbiota. This article mainly summarizes the effects of several TCMs and compound prescriptions on AD， aiming to provide a reference for subsequent TCM-based treatment of AD.

ObjectiveTo establish a tumor prognostic risk assessment model related to target genes of the miR-34 family. MethodsTarget genes of the miR-34 family were screened， and the scores of miR-34 target genes were assessed in 16 tumor types. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify the tumor type with the strongest correlation between miR-34 target gene scores and overall survival （OS）. Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） analyses were performed to elucidate the functional roles and signaling pathways of miR-34 target genes. A prognostic risk model based on the miR-34 target genes was constructed using univariate Cox and LASSO regression analyses. Quantitative real-time PCR （qPCR） and dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to validate whether the target genes bind to miR-34 and measure their RNA expression levels in the relevant tumors. Additionally， the risk score was integrated with other clinical indicators to develop a nomogram prediction model for patient survival. ResultsA total of 65 target genes of the miR-34 family were screened. The cancer type exhibiting stronger correlation between the target gene scores and OS was lung adenocarcinoma （P = 0.003， HR= 5.150）. Furthermore， miR-34 target genes were predominantly enriched in oxidative stress pathways and various tumor-related processes. Three genes， LDHA， GALNT7， and SATB2， were identified as core components of the prognostic analysis model for lung adenocarcinoma. Additionally， the constructed nomogram model demonstrated robust predictive performance. ConclusionThe risk model and prognosis model of lung adenocarcinoma constructed based on the key target genes of miR-34 have good predictive performance.

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide,characterized primarily by cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction.Its pathological mechanisms involve the toxic accumulation of amyloid β-protein(Aβ),hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein leading to neurofibrillary tangles,mitochondrial dysfunction,synaptic impairment,cholinergic system dysfunction,neuroinflammation,and oxidative stress.Current clinical treatments for AD include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists,which can improve cognitive function but fail to slow disease progression and often have side effects.Research indicates that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may regulate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)signaling pathway,promoting neuronal survival,inhibiting neuroinflammation,reducing oxidative stress,preventing apoptosis,and decreasing Aβ deposition,thus improving the symptoms of AD.This review summarizes the mechanisms by which individual TCM components,extracts,and formulas may regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway in the treatment of AD,with the aim of providing a theoretical foundation for the application of TCM in AD therapy.

Objective To analyze the potential biological relationship between Alzheimer disease(AD)and chronic periodontitis(CP)by bioinformatics.Methods We analyzed two datasets of AD and CP from the Gene Expression Omnibus database,and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified from these datasets.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)was used to identify the most relevant modules.Functional enrichment analysis of shared genes was performed,and a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed.MCODE was used to identify key modules,and machine learning was used to discover key genes.In addition,Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)and CIBERSORT were used to investigate KLRB1-related molecular pathways and immune cell distribu-tion.Results The study identified 18 genes common to both AD and CP.MCODE analysis revealed five pivotal genes,machine learning identified 13 genes for AD,eight for CP,and KLRB1 was determined as a common gene for AD and CP.GSEA demonstrated the intricate involvement of these genes in disease-related pathways.Immunocellular analysis underscored a significant association between KLRB1 and γδT cells.Conclusion This research highlighted KLRB1 as a key gene for AD and CP,providing new insights into their molecular linkages.

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide,characterized primarily by cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction.Its pathological mechanisms involve the toxic accumulation of amyloid β-protein(Aβ),hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein leading to neurofibrillary tangles,mitochondrial dysfunction,synaptic impairment,cholinergic system dysfunction,neuroinflammation,and oxidative stress.Current clinical treatments for AD include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists,which can improve cognitive function but fail to slow disease progression and often have side effects.Research indicates that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may regulate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)signaling pathway,promoting neuronal survival,inhibiting neuroinflammation,reducing oxidative stress,preventing apoptosis,and decreasing Aβ deposition,thus improving the symptoms of AD.This review summarizes the mechanisms by which individual TCM components,extracts,and formulas may regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway in the treatment of AD,with the aim of providing a theoretical foundation for the application of TCM in AD therapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of unilateral or bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)on post-stroke dysphagia.Methods From February,2023 to March,2025,27 stroke patients with dysphagia and nasal feeding in Beijing Bo'ai Hos-pital were randomly divided into healthy side stimulation group,bilateral stimulation group and sham stimulation group,with nine cases in each group.All the groups received conventional swallowing training and tDCS,while the healthy side stimulation group stimulated on the healthy side of oropharyngeal cortex;and the bilateral stimu-lation group alternatively stimulated bilateral oropharyngeal cortex,with one hour interval between bilateral stim-ulation;the sham stimulation group stimulated the healthy side of oropharyngeal cortex for 30 seconds and then stop.The course lasted two weeks.The scores of Standard Swallowing Function Assessment Scale(SSA),Modi-fied Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability(MMASA)and Rosenbek Penetration-Aspiration Scale(PAS)were compared before and after treatment.Results The intra-group effect(F=16.185,P<0.01)was significant in the scores of SSA,the intra-group effect(F=28.650,P<0.01)and interaction effect(F=3.453,P<0.01)were significant in the scores of MMASA,and there was no significant difference in the inter-group effect,intra-group effect and interaction effect in the scores of PAS(P>0.05).Post hoc test showed that there was no significant difference in the scores of SSA,MMASA and PAS among three groups(P>0.05).There was significant difference in the score difference of MMASA be-fore and after treatment among three groups(F=4.698,P<0.05).Post hoc test showed that the score difference of MMAS was more in the healthy side stimulation group than in the bilateral stimulation group and the sham stimulation group(P<0.05),with no significant difference between the bilateral stimulation group and the sham stimulation group(P>0.05).Conclusion tDCS can partly improve post-stroke dysphagia.The healthy side anode stimulation is superior to the alter-nating bilateral hemisphere anode stimulation.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the value of elastic modulus of shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer and its correlation with VEGF-C and VEGF-D.METHODS A total of 120 patients with thyroid cancer admitted to our hospital were divided into metastatic group(n=37)and non-metastatic group(n=83)according to whether the cervical lymph node metastasis.The clinical data and SWE elastic modulus values of the two groups were compared,and the effects of clinical characteristics on SWE elastic modulus values were analyzed by hierarchical regression.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the independent correlation between SWE elastic modulus and the risk of lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer.The dose-response relationship between the elastic modulus of SWE and the risk of lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer was analyzed with restricted cubic strips.The correlation between SWE elastic modulus and VEGF-C and D levels was analyzed after adjusting factors by Logistic regression.RESULTS The results of general data analysis showed that male proportion,BMI,clinical stage,lesion diameter,TSH,FT4,TgAb positive rate,TPOAb positive rate,VEGF-C and VEGF-D in metastatic group were higher than those in non-metastatic group.Under different clinical characteristics,SWE parameters Emax,Emean and Eratio in metastatic group were higher than those in non-metastatic group.In hierarchical regression analysis,gender,clinical stage,lesion diameter,biochemical indices(TSH,FT4,TgAb,TPOAb)had significant positive effects on SWE parameters.SWE parameters were independently associated with the risk of lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer.Subgroup analysis showed that the association between SWE parameters and the risk of lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer in all subgroups was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no nonlinear dose-response relationship between SWE parameters and thyroid cancer risk(P>0.05).After adjusting for confounding factors,there was a significant linear correlation between Emax,Emean,Eratio and VEGF-C and VEGF-D(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The elastic modulus of SWE has a certain diagnostic value for lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer,and SWE parameters have a certain correlation with VEGF-C and VEGF-D.

Abstract Modern western medicine typically focuses on treating specific symptoms or diseases, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) emphasizes the interconnections of the body’s various systems under external environment and takes a holistic approach to preventing and treating diseases. Phenomics was initially introduced to the field of TCM in 2008 as a new discipline that studies the laws of integrated and dynamic changes of human clinical phenomes under the scope of the theories and practices of TCM based on phenomics. While TCM Phenomics 1.0 has initially established a clinical phenomic system centered on Zhenghou (a TCM definition of clinical phenome), bottlenecks remain in data standardization, mechanistic interpretation, and precision intervention. Here, we systematically elaborates on the theoretical foundations, technical pathways, and future challenges of integrating digital medicine with TCM phenomics under the framework of “TCM phenomics 2.0”, which is supported by digital medicine technologies such as artificial intelligence, wearable devices, medical digital twins, and multi-omics integration. This framework aims to construct a closed-loop system of “Zhenghou–Phenome–Mechanism–Intervention” and to enable the digitization, standardization, and precision of disease diagnosis and treatment. The integration of digital medicine and TCM phenomics not only promotes the modernization and scientific transformation of TCM theory and practice but also offers new paradigms for precision medicine. In practice, digital tools facilitate multi-source clinical data acquisition and standardization, while AI and big data algorithms help reveal the correlations between clinical Zhenghou phenomes and molecular mechanisms, thereby improving scientific rigor in diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, and personalized intervention. Nevertheless, challenges persist, including data quality and standardization issues, shortage of interdisciplinary talents, and insufficiency of ethical and legal regulations. Future development requires establishing national data-sharing platforms, strengthening international collaboration, fostering interdisciplinary professionals, and improving ethical and legal frameworks. Ultimately, this approach seeks to build a new disease identification and classification system centered on phenomes and to achieve the inheritance, innovation, and modernization of TCM diagnostic and therapeutic patterns.

Objective To explore the effects of lipoxygenase(LOX)on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV)in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).Methods The CCK-8 assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of LOX in HUVECs.Real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR)was adopted to detect the replication of viral RNA in cells.The infection rate of SFTSV to HUVECs was observed via indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA).The expressions of intracellular viral NP protein and autophagy related proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)were detected via Western blotting.Lipid metabolomics was used to analyze the differences in expressions of intracellular metabolites in the SFTSV-infected Huh 7 with or without LOX treatment.Results The results of CCK-8 showed no obvious cytotoxicity to HUVECs with LOX≤8 mg/mL.With the increase of LOX concentrations,the viral RNA level,viral infection rate,and expressions of SFTSV nucleoprotein(NP)protein were gradually decreased,respectively.The autophagy reaction was activated in SFTSV-infected HUVECs,evidenced by the increased expression level of LC3 Ⅱ protein.Compared with the untreated group,LOX treatment resulted in decreased levels of LC3 Ⅱ and AMPK phosphorylation,and enhanced phosphorylation of mTOR in SFTSV-infected HUVEC.Conclusion LOX negatively regulates autophagy by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway,thereby inhibiting SFTSV replication.

Objective To investigate the application value of late gadolinium enhancement(LEG)at cardiac MRI in predicting ventricular arrhythmia(VA)events in patients after implantation of ICD.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 16 patients at high risk of sudden cardi-ac death after ICD implantation and LEG examination in the First and the Sixth Medical Centers of Chinese PLA General Hospital from June 2020 to March 2024.According the occurrence of VA events receiving appropriate ICD therapy during the follow-up period,they were divided into post-operative VA group(7 cases)and non-VA group(9 cases).The correlation of clinical baseline fea-tures and LEG features with VA events was analyzed.Results The ratios of transmural enhance-ment and myocardial medium enhancement were obviously higher in the VA group than the non-VA group(71.4％vs 11.1％,P=0.035;85.7％vs 22.2％,P=0.041).Multivariate logistic regres-sionanalysis showed that transmural enhancement(OR=5.000,95％CI:0.150-166.589,P=0.368)and myocardial medium enhancement(OR=7.000,95％CI:0.217-226.005,P=0.272)were not independent factors influencing VA occurrence.ROC curve analysis indicated that the combined prediction of transmural enhancement and myocardial media enhancement and the pre-diction of transmural enhancement alone had better diagnostic efficacy(P＜0.05).Conclusion LEG has clinical value in predicting postoperative VA events in patients after ICD implantation.