Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic urinary disease in middle-aged and older men, yet the impact of long-term exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM) on its pathogenesis remains unclear. Objective To investigate the association between PM exposure and the risk of incident BPH in middle-aged and older men. Methods Based on four waves of follow-up data (2011–2018) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), 4766 participants were enrolled. Robust Poisson regression models were employed to assess the association between exposure to PM (PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀) and the risk of incident BPH. Relative risks (RR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Dose-response relationships were fitted using restricted cubic splines (RCS). Subgroup analyses were performed to explore potential effect modifications, and multiple imputation was used to handle missing data. Results Over a mean follow-up of 6 years, 914 incident BPH cases were identified among the4766 participants (cumulative incidence: 19.18%). After adjusting for confounders, each 10 μg·m⁻³ increase in PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ concentrations was associated with a 13.1% (RR=1.131, 95%CI: 1.063, 1.203), 8.5% (RR=1.085, 95%CI: 1.050, 1.122), and 5.1% (RR=1.051, 95%CI: 1.034, 1.069) increased risk of BPH, respectively. RCS analysis showed that no nonlinear relationship was found between PM₁ and PM_2.5 and the risk of BPH (P>0.05); however, a nonlinear association was observed for PM₁₀ (P=0.03), with the risk increment slowing beyond 100 μg·m⁻³. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Conclusion Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter may be associated with an increased risk of incident BPH in middle-aged and older men.

Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic urinary disease in middle-aged and older men, yet the impact of long-term exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM) on its pathogenesis remains unclear. Objective To investigate the association between PM exposure and the risk of incident BPH in middle-aged and older men. Methods Based on four waves of follow-up data (2011–2018) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), 4766 participants were enrolled. Robust Poisson regression models were employed to assess the association between exposure to PM (PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀) and the risk of incident BPH. Relative risks (RR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Dose-response relationships were fitted using restricted cubic splines (RCS). Subgroup analyses were performed to explore potential effect modifications, and multiple imputation was used to handle missing data. Results Over a mean follow-up of 6 years, 914 incident BPH cases were identified among the4766 participants (cumulative incidence: 19.18%). After adjusting for confounders, each 10 μg·m⁻³ increase in PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ concentrations was associated with a 13.1% (RR=1.131, 95%CI: 1.063, 1.203), 8.5% (RR=1.085, 95%CI: 1.050, 1.122), and 5.1% (RR=1.051, 95%CI: 1.034, 1.069) increased risk of BPH, respectively. RCS analysis showed that no nonlinear relationship was found between PM₁ and PM_2.5 and the risk of BPH (P>0.05); however, a nonlinear association was observed for PM₁₀ (P=0.03), with the risk increment slowing beyond 100 μg·m⁻³. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Conclusion Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter may be associated with an increased risk of incident BPH in middle-aged and older men.

Lipidomics is an emerging discipline that systematically studies the various types,functions,and metabolic pathways of lipids within living organisms.This field compares changes in diseases or drug impact,identifying biomarkers and molecular mechanisms present in lipid metabolic networks across different physiological or pathological states.Through employing analytical chemistry within the realm of lipidomics,researchers analyze traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).This analysis aids in uncovering potential mechanisms for treating diverse physiopathological conditions,assessing drug efficacy,un-derstanding mechanisms of action and toxicity,and generating innovative ideas for disease prevention and treatment.This manuscript assesses recent literature,summarizing existing lipidomics technologies and their applications in TCM research.It delineates the efficacy,mechanisms,and toxicity research related to lipidomics in Chinese medicine.Additionally,it explores the utilization of lipidomics in quality control research for Chinese medicine,aiming to expand the application of lipidomics within this field.Ultimately,this initiative seeks to foster the integration of traditional medicine theory with modern science and technology,promoting an organic fusion between the two domains.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is intricately linked to the most severe clinical manifestations of brain damage. It encompasses dynamic pathological mechanisms, including hemodynamic disorders, excitotoxic injury, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and neuronal death. This review provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of biomaterial-based tissue engineering scaffolds and nano-drug delivery systems. As an example of functionalized biomaterials, nano-drug delivery systems alter the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. They provide multiple targeting strategies relying on factors such as morphology and scale, magnetic fields, pH, photosensitivity, and enzymes to facilitate the transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier and to promote selective accumulation at the injury site. Furthermore, therapeutic agents can be incorporated into bioscaffolds to interact with the biochemical and biophysical environment of the brain. Bioscaffolds can mimic the extracellular matrix environment, regulate cellular interactions, and increase the effectiveness of local treatments following surgical interventions. Additionally, stem cell-based and exosome-dominated extracellular vesicle carriers exhibit high bioreactivity and low immunogenicity and can be used to design therapeutic agents with high bioactivity. This review also examines the utilization of endogenous bioactive materials in the treatment of TBI.

Lipidomics is an emerging discipline that systematically studies the various types, functions, and metabolic pathways of lipids within living organisms. This field compares changes in diseases or drug impact, identifying biomarkers and molecular mechanisms present in lipid metabolic networks across different physiological or pathological states. Through employing analytical chemistry within the realm of lipidomics, researchers analyze traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This analysis aids in uncovering potential mechanisms for treating diverse physiopathological conditions, assessing drug efficacy, understanding mechanisms of action and toxicity, and generating innovative ideas for disease prevention and treatment. This manuscript assesses recent literature, summarizing existing lipidomics technologies and their applications in TCM research. It delineates the efficacy, mechanisms, and toxicity research related to lipidomics in Chinese medicine. Additionally, it explores the utilization of lipidomics in quality control research for Chinese medicine, aiming to expand the application of lipidomics within this field. Ultimately, this initiative seeks to foster the integration of traditional medicine theory with modern science and technology, promoting an organic fusion between the two domains.

Objective:To explore the correlation between the elevation of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the first trimester and its change from the first to the second trimester and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods:This was a bidirectional cohort study. Singleton pregnant women who delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from March 1, 2021, to July 31, 2024, and had HbA1c results in the first and second trimesters were included. Those with HbA1c<5.7% in the first trimester were described as group E1, and those with HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% were described as group E2. Those with HbA1c<5.2% in the second trimester were described as group S1, and those with HbA1c between 5.2% and 6.4% were described as group S2. Accordingly, the changing trend of HbA1c from the first to the second trimester was divided into group E1-S1, group E1-S2, group E2-S1, and group E2-S2. Clinical indicators such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, preterm birth, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), polyhydramnios, large for gestational age infants, small for gestational age infants, neonatal hypoglycemia, and neonatal transfer were collected. Comparisons between groups were performed using t-tests, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Chi square tests, and Fisher's exact test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the impact of HbA1c in the first trimester and the changing trend of HbA1c from the first to the second trimester on pregnancy outcomes. Results:During the study period, a total of 6 500 pregnant women were included for analysis, among which 209 (3.2%) had HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester. Taking those with HbA1c<5.7% as a reference, HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester was an independent risk factor for GDM, preterm birth, and PPROM [ OR (95% CI) were 3.304 (2.465-4.427), 1.545 (1.008-2.368), and 1.872 (1.042-3.361), respectively]. Taking group E1-S1 as a reference, HbA1c<5.7% in the first trimester and 5.2%-6.4% in the second trimester (group E1-S2) was an independent risk factor for GDM, preterm birth, PPROM, and neonatal hypoglycemia [ OR (95% CI) were 2.770 (2.370-3.237), 1.424 (1.132-1.791), 1.614 (1.179-2.211), and 2.047 (1.024-4.092), respectively]; HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester and<5.2% in the second trimester (group E2-S1) was an independent risk factor for PPROM [ OR (95% CI) was 3.408 (1.187-9.784)]; HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester and 5.2%-6.4% in the second trimester (group E2-S2) was an independent risk factor for GDM and preterm birth [ OR (95% CI) were 4.651 (3.282-6.592) and 1.724 (1.066-2.786), respectively]. Conclusions:HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM, preterm birth, and PPROM. For those with HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester, if the HbA1c level decreased in the second trimester, only the risk of PPROM increased significantly; conversely, if the HbA1c level continued to increase in the second trimester, the risks of GDM and preterm birth both increased significantly.

Objective:To explore the correlation between the elevation of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the first trimester and its change from the first to the second trimester and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods:This was a bidirectional cohort study. Singleton pregnant women who delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from March 1, 2021, to July 31, 2024, and had HbA1c results in the first and second trimesters were included. Those with HbA1c<5.7% in the first trimester were described as group E1, and those with HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% were described as group E2. Those with HbA1c<5.2% in the second trimester were described as group S1, and those with HbA1c between 5.2% and 6.4% were described as group S2. Accordingly, the changing trend of HbA1c from the first to the second trimester was divided into group E1-S1, group E1-S2, group E2-S1, and group E2-S2. Clinical indicators such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, preterm birth, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), polyhydramnios, large for gestational age infants, small for gestational age infants, neonatal hypoglycemia, and neonatal transfer were collected. Comparisons between groups were performed using t-tests, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Chi square tests, and Fisher's exact test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the impact of HbA1c in the first trimester and the changing trend of HbA1c from the first to the second trimester on pregnancy outcomes. Results:During the study period, a total of 6 500 pregnant women were included for analysis, among which 209 (3.2%) had HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester. Taking those with HbA1c<5.7% as a reference, HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester was an independent risk factor for GDM, preterm birth, and PPROM [ OR (95% CI) were 3.304 (2.465-4.427), 1.545 (1.008-2.368), and 1.872 (1.042-3.361), respectively]. Taking group E1-S1 as a reference, HbA1c<5.7% in the first trimester and 5.2%-6.4% in the second trimester (group E1-S2) was an independent risk factor for GDM, preterm birth, PPROM, and neonatal hypoglycemia [ OR (95% CI) were 2.770 (2.370-3.237), 1.424 (1.132-1.791), 1.614 (1.179-2.211), and 2.047 (1.024-4.092), respectively]; HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester and<5.2% in the second trimester (group E2-S1) was an independent risk factor for PPROM [ OR (95% CI) was 3.408 (1.187-9.784)]; HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester and 5.2%-6.4% in the second trimester (group E2-S2) was an independent risk factor for GDM and preterm birth [ OR (95% CI) were 4.651 (3.282-6.592) and 1.724 (1.066-2.786), respectively]. Conclusions:HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM, preterm birth, and PPROM. For those with HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4% in the first trimester, if the HbA1c level decreased in the second trimester, only the risk of PPROM increased significantly; conversely, if the HbA1c level continued to increase in the second trimester, the risks of GDM and preterm birth both increased significantly.

Morita therapy has been bom for more than 100 years.Inpatient Morita therapy is highly oper-able and easy to master.It can improve many refractory neuroses through four-stage treatment.But more neuroses are treated in outpatient clinics,and Morita therapy cannot be used in hospitalized patients.Therefore,the formula-tion of expert opinions on outpatient operations is particularly important.This paper is based on domestic and for-eign references,and after many discussions by domestic Morita therapy experts,and then drew up the first version of the expert opinions on operation of outpatient Morita therapy.Meanwhile the operation rule of Morita therapy in three stages of outpatient treatment was formulated:in the etiological analysis stage,under the theoretical guidance of Morita therapy,analyze the pathogenic factors,to improve treatment compliance and reduce resistance;during the operating stage,guide patients to engage in constructive and meaningful actions,realizing the achievement of letting nature take its course principle;in the cultivating character and enriching life stage,pay attention to positive infor-mation,expanding the scope and content of actions,improving the ability to adapt to complex life,and preventing recurrence caused by insufficient abilities.It will lay a foundation for the promotion of Morita therapy in domestic outpatient clinics,so that more patients with neurosis and other psychological diseases could receive characteristic Morita therapy treatment in outpatient clinics.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of family interventions among children with allergic rhinitis receiving immunotherapy, so as to provide insights into improvements of allergic rhinitis treatment. Methods: A total of 80 children with allergic rhinitis admitted to The First People's Hospital of Linping District from July 2018 to July 2021 were enrolled and randomly assigned into the control and intervention groups, of 40 participants in each group, and all children underwent immunotherapy. Children in the control group received routine interventions, while participants in the intervention group were given family interventions for 3 months, including health education, psychological counseling, and periodical follow-up. Parental awareness of allergic rhinitis was investigated using self-designed questionnaires, and the compliance to immunotherapy was evaluated. The clinical symptoms were evaluated using the symptom scores and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), and the prognosis was evaluated using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20 (SNOT-20). Results: There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in terms of gender, age, course of disease or disease severity (P>0.05). The scores for parental awareness of etiology [(9.56±0.25) vs. (7.45±0.85)], inducement factor [(8.84±0.62) vs. (6.76±1.36)], medication management [(9.56±0.25) vs. (7.97±0.85)] and daily life management of allergic rhinitis [(9.14±0.55) vs. (8.14±0.46)] were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). The proportion of participants' compliance to immunotherapy was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (92.50% vs. 75.00%, P<0.05). The scores for clinical symptoms [(3.12±0.94) vs. (3.96±1.23)], RQLQ score [(3.31±0.87) vs. (3.87±1.02)] and the SNOT-20 scores for nasal symptoms [(6.54±2.14) vs. (8.22±2.45)], sleep disorders [(4.11±0.58) vs. (5.24±1.03)], associated symptoms [(5.29±1.52) vs. (6.34±2.01)] and emotional consequences [(7.52±1.85) vs. (9.19±2.69)] were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group post-interventions (P<0.05). Conclusion Family interventions are effective to improve the compliance to immunotherapy, clinical symptoms, prognosis and quality of life among children with allergic rhinitis

Humans ; Child ; Risk Factors ; Adipose Tissue