Neuroinflammation mediated by microglia is essential for the occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Through the analysis of the GEO database, it was found that IL-27 expression decreased in both the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of AD patients. In this study, the AD cell model of BV-2 cells injured by Aβ1-42, the inflammatory cell model of BV-2 cells damaged by LPS, and the inflammatory animal model were established and the effects of IL-27 after its administration in the above models in regulating microglial phenotype and neuroinflammation were evaluated. In the animal models, the number of Iba1+ microglia in the hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry, the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was detected by qPCR, ELISA and Western blot, and the expression of M1/M2 phenotypic markers in microglia was detected by qPCR. To further explore the action mechanism of IL-27, Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of NF-κB, p-NF-κB, IκBα and p-IκBα in microglia after administration of IL-27 and Aβ1-42. The results showed that IL-27 alleviated the abnormal activation of microglia induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF- α, IL-1β and IL-6, transformed microglia induced by LPS or Aβ1-42 from neurotoxic M1 to neuroprotective M2, and improved the abnormal phosphorylation of NF-κB and IκBα induced by Aβ1-42. The research suggested that IL-27 can regulate the M1/M2 polarization of microglia induced by Aβ1-42 or LPS, and alleviate neuroinflammation.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic characteristics of idic(X)(p11.22) in Turner syndrome (TS). METHODS: Two fetuses suspected for sex chromosome abnormalities or ultrasound abnormalities were selected from Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital in October 2020 and June 2020, and amniotic fluid samples were collected for G-banded chromosomal karyotyping analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS: The two fetuses were respectively found to have a karyotype of 45,X[47]/46,X,psu idic(X)(p11.2)[53] and 46,X,psu idic(X)(p11.2). CMA found that both had deletions in the Xp22.33p11.22 region and duplications in the p11.22q28 region. FISH showed that the centromeres in both fetuses had located on an isochromosome. CONCLUSION The combination of karyotyping analysis, FISH, and CMA is useful for the delineation of complex structural chromosomal aberrations. High-resolution CMA can accurately identify chromosomal breakpoints, which can provide a clue for elucidating the mechanism of chromosomal breakage and rearrangement.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Turner Syndrome/genetics* ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Centromere ; Prenatal Diagnosis

Objective:This study aims to investigate the prevalence and distribution characteristics of mental disorders among people aged 18 and above in Shandong Province.Methods:In 2015, an epidemiological survey was carried out to investigate the patterns of mental disorders in 49 counties of Shandong Province. A total of 28 000 individuals aged 18 years or older were selected using the multistage stratified cluster sampling method. All these participants were classified as at a high or low risk of mental disorders according to the assessment results of the revised version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The diagnosis of mental disorders was confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Forth edition (DSM-Ⅳ) axis I or MMSE. All participants at high risk of mental disorders were evaluated using DSM-Ⅳ or MMSE to confirm the psychiatric diagnoses, while 10% of participants at low risk of mental disorders were randomly selected to be evaluated. The prevalence and its 95% confidence interval of mental disorders were adjusted according to study design and sociodemographic characteristics of the sample. The between-group differences of prevalence were compared using chi-square tests or Fisher′s exact tests as appropriately.Results:A total of 27 489 individuals completed survey. The adjusted prevalence of any mental disorder was 17.46% (95 %CI 17.02%-17.89%). The five most prevalent mental disorder spectrums were substance use disorders (5.29%), mood disorders (4.47%), anxiety disorders (4.46%), intellectual and mental disorders due to physical or substance (1.91%), and psychotic disorders (1.12%). The most common mental disorders were alcohol use disorder (5.27%) and major depressive disorder (2.14%). The prevalence of mental disorders in men was higher than that in women (23.37% vs. 13.89%; χ 2=408.91, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of mental disorders between rural residents and urban residents (17.69% vs. 17.20%; χ2=1.05, P=0.305). Of participants with mental disorders, 26.12% (1 047/4 008) had moderate to severe functional impairment and 10.98% (428/3 898) have sought professional help. Conclusion:The prevalence of mental disorders among people aged 18 and above in Shandong Province is basically consistent with the results of similar domestic studies. The prevalence of mental disorder was higher in men than in women and was not differ in participants living in urban and rural areas. Alcohol use disorder, major depressive disorder, non-specific anxiety disorder and non-specific depressive disorder are most common mental disorders.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the prevalence and distribution characteristics of mental disorders among people aged 18 and above in Shandong Province.Methods:In 2015, an epidemiological survey was carried out to investigate the patterns of mental disorders in 49 counties of Shandong Province. A total of 28 000 individuals aged 18 years or older were selected using the multistage stratified cluster sampling method. All these participants were classified as at a high or low risk of mental disorders according to the assessment results of the revised version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The diagnosis of mental disorders was confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Forth edition (DSM-Ⅳ) axis I or MMSE. All participants at high risk of mental disorders were evaluated using DSM-Ⅳ or MMSE to confirm the psychiatric diagnoses, while 10% of participants at low risk of mental disorders were randomly selected to be evaluated. The prevalence and its 95% confidence interval of mental disorders were adjusted according to study design and sociodemographic characteristics of the sample. The between-group differences of prevalence were compared using chi-square tests or Fisher′s exact tests as appropriately.Results:A total of 27 489 individuals completed survey. The adjusted prevalence of any mental disorder was 17.46% (95 %CI 17.02%-17.89%). The five most prevalent mental disorder spectrums were substance use disorders (5.29%), mood disorders (4.47%), anxiety disorders (4.46%), intellectual and mental disorders due to physical or substance (1.91%), and psychotic disorders (1.12%). The most common mental disorders were alcohol use disorder (5.27%) and major depressive disorder (2.14%). The prevalence of mental disorders in men was higher than that in women (23.37% vs. 13.89%; χ 2=408.91, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of mental disorders between rural residents and urban residents (17.69% vs. 17.20%; χ2=1.05, P=0.305). Of participants with mental disorders, 26.12% (1 047/4 008) had moderate to severe functional impairment and 10.98% (428/3 898) have sought professional help. Conclusion:The prevalence of mental disorders among people aged 18 and above in Shandong Province is basically consistent with the results of similar domestic studies. The prevalence of mental disorder was higher in men than in women and was not differ in participants living in urban and rural areas. Alcohol use disorder, major depressive disorder, non-specific anxiety disorder and non-specific depressive disorder are most common mental disorders.

Objective To quantitate coronary tortuosity and provide favorable conditions for understanding the hemodynamic effects caused by coronary tortuosity.Methods We obtained all images from 72 patients who received coronary computed tomo-graphy scanning.After image post-processing,we extracted the medial axis of three main coronary vessel and analysed its coordi-nates on three dimensions.Then we calculated the tortuosity coefficient of coronary artery.Results Tortuosity coefficient was 6.66±7.54 in anterior descending,13.43±12.85 in left circumflex,and 1 7.61 ±7.67 in right coronary artery.We had proved its validity by the changes in morphology with simulated shapes.Conclusion We proposed a new method for quantitating coronary tor-tuosity,by computed tomography coronary imaging.The measurement results would not be affected by projection plane,vessel length or other artificial factors.

Objective To understand the correlation of enterovirus 71 (EV71), P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSG L-1), and scavenger receptor B2 (SCARB2) and to explore the possible pathway and mechanismof EV71 infection by observing the expression of EV71, PSG L-1 and SCARB2 in tissues of infants with brain stemencephalitis. Methods T he organs and tissues of infants with EV71-VP1 positivi-ty in their brain stems were chosen. Expression and distribution of EV71-VP1, PSG L-1, and SCARB2 were detected and compared by immunohistochemistry. Results Strong staining of EV71-VP1 was ob-served in the neuron, glial cells, the inflammatory cells of perivascular cuffing, parietal cells of the gas-tric fundus gland while alveolar macrophages, intestinal gland epitheliumcells, mucosa lymphoid nodule and lymphocyte of palatine tonsil showed moderate staining and weak staining were displayed in mesen-teric lymph nodes and lymphocyte of spleen. PSG L-1 expression was detected in parietal cells of the gastric fundus gland, tonsillar crypt squamous epithelium, alveolar macrophages and leukocytes in each tissue. SCARB2 expression was observed in all the above tissues except the intestines and spleen. Con-clusion T he distribution of EV71 correlates with SCARB2 expression. SCARB2 plays an important role in virus infection and replication. Stomach may be an important site for EV71 replication.

Objective To compare the myocardial damage in patients with severe valvular heart disease undergoing open heart surgery under propofol and sevoflurane combined anesthesia.Methods Thirty-two patients with severe heart valvular disease undergoing open heart surgery were randomized into 3 groups:midazolam group (group M,n =8),propofol group (group P,n =12) and sevoflurane group (group S,n =12).Midazolam 1-5 mg,vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg and fentanyl 10-20 μg/kg were injected intravenously in group M.Propofol 1-2 mg/kg,vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg and fentanyl 10 μg/kg were injected intravenously in group P.In group S,the patients inhaled sevoflurane until the eyelash reflex disappeared,the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane was 0.5 ％-2.0％,and vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg and fentanyl 10μg/kg were injected intravenously.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of midazolam 0.1 mg· kg-1 · h-1,fentanyl 0.2 μg· kg-1 · min-1,and vecuronium 0.12 mg· kg-1 · h-1 in group M,with iv infusion of propofol 150 μg· kg-1 · min-1 and fentanyl μg· kg-1 · min-1 in group P,or with inhalation of 0.5％-2.0％sevoflurane in group S.CPB was established routinely.The concentration of sevoflurane was 0.5 ％-1.0％ during CPB.Venous blood samples were collected before anesthesia (T1),at 20 min and 2 h after aortic unclamping (T2,3),and at 24 h after operation (T4) for determination of the levels of plasma lactic dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase (CK),creatine kinase MB (CK-MB),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ),superoxide dismutase (SOD)and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.Myocardial tissues were taken at T2 for determination of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and for examination of the myocardial ultrastructure.Results Compared with group M,the levels of plasma LDH,CK-MB,and CK were significantly decreased at T2-4,the levels of plasma SOD and cTnⅠ were significantly increased at T2,3,and the expression of HO-1 was up-regulated at T2 in groups P and S,and the levels of plasma TNF-α were significantly decreased at T2-4 in group P and at T2,3 in group S (P ＜ 0.05).The pathologic changes induced by I/R were less severe in groups P and S than in group M.Conclusion Both propofol and sevoflurane can attenuate the myocardial damage in patients with severe valvular heart disease undergoing open heart surgery and the effects are comparable.