OBJECTIVE T o compare the biological characteristics,drug resistance and pathogenicity between two strains of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the standard strain PAO1.METHODS The strains were identified,and biofilms were detected by 96-well plates method.The bacterial drug resistance was detected by fully automatic drug susceptibility analysis system,the expression levels of RNA of virulence factors were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR);the models of rats with pneumonia infection were established through liquid aerosol lung delivery method,the survival status of the rats was observed,and the lev-els of cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were detected.RESULTS NY4593,NY4605 and PAO1 strains were successfully isolated and identified.NY4593 and NY4605 showed high-yield biofilms,while PAO1 showed low-yield biofilms.The drug resistance rates of NY4593 and NY4605 were remarkably higher than those of the PAO1.The expression levels of exoT and exoY gene RNA of the NY4593 and NY4605 strains were higher than those of the PAO1 strains(P＜0.05);the expression level of exoS gene RNA of the NY4605 was lower than that of the PAO1(P＜0.05).Under the same infection dose,the PAO1 showed more powerful pathogenicity,and the secretion volumes of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6),interleuki-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-17A(IL-17A)of the PAO1 were(2858.00±150.30)pg/ml,(7821.00±761.20)pg/ml and(1079.00±225.40)pg/ml respectively,remarkably higher than those of the NY4593 and NY4605(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The clini-cal mucoid NY4593 and NY4605 remarkably differ from PAO1 in biology and pathogenicity.The study may facilitate deep understanding of the mechanisms of PA infection and provide guidance for clinical treatment,prevention and control.

Objective To explore the biological functions of pyroptosis-related genes in pneumonic plague using bioinformatics methods,and to evaluate their potential applicability as diagnostic markers.Methods The pneumonic plague-related dataset GSE220123 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and screened for differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes(DE-PRGs).The functions of DE-PRGs were studied via Gene Ontology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses,and immune infiltration analysis.The hub genes were identified via protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis,and further screened for key genes with sustained high expression characteristics based on differential expression analysis.The relative expression levels of the key genes were verified using the reverse transcription real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR)method.Results A total of 17 DE-PRGs were screened,and PPI network analysis revealed 7 Hub genes.Among them,Casp4 continued to be up-regulated during the course of pneumonic plague.The results of reverse transcription qPCR were consistent with the those of bioinformatic analyses.Conclusion DE-PRGs play a crucial role in the immune response of pneumonic plague,especially Casp4,which has significant applications as a diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for pneumonic plague.

OBJECTIVE T o compare the biological characteristics,drug resistance and pathogenicity between two strains of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the standard strain PAO1.METHODS The strains were identified,and biofilms were detected by 96-well plates method.The bacterial drug resistance was detected by fully automatic drug susceptibility analysis system,the expression levels of RNA of virulence factors were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR);the models of rats with pneumonia infection were established through liquid aerosol lung delivery method,the survival status of the rats was observed,and the lev-els of cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were detected.RESULTS NY4593,NY4605 and PAO1 strains were successfully isolated and identified.NY4593 and NY4605 showed high-yield biofilms,while PAO1 showed low-yield biofilms.The drug resistance rates of NY4593 and NY4605 were remarkably higher than those of the PAO1.The expression levels of exoT and exoY gene RNA of the NY4593 and NY4605 strains were higher than those of the PAO1 strains(P＜0.05);the expression level of exoS gene RNA of the NY4605 was lower than that of the PAO1(P＜0.05).Under the same infection dose,the PAO1 showed more powerful pathogenicity,and the secretion volumes of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6),interleuki-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-17A(IL-17A)of the PAO1 were(2858.00±150.30)pg/ml,(7821.00±761.20)pg/ml and(1079.00±225.40)pg/ml respectively,remarkably higher than those of the NY4593 and NY4605(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The clini-cal mucoid NY4593 and NY4605 remarkably differ from PAO1 in biology and pathogenicity.The study may facilitate deep understanding of the mechanisms of PA infection and provide guidance for clinical treatment,prevention and control.

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is not only the main microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus,but also a common cause of end stage renal disease.Oxidative stress and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/kelch like epichlorohydrin related protein 1/antioxidant response element pathway damage may be involved in the occurrence and development of DKD.This article reviews the research progress of targeted activation of Nrf2 pathway and DKD treatment.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread worldwide and threatened human’s health. With the passing of time, the epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 evolves and the knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 infection accumulates. To further improve the scientific and standardized diagnosis and treatment of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, the Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine of Chinese Medical Association commissioned leading experts to develop the Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection under the guidance of the Maternal and Child Health Department of the National Health Commission. This recommendations includes the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, maternal care, medication treatment, care of birth and newborns, and psychological support associated with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is hoped that the recommendations will effectively help the clinical management of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread worldwide and threatened human’s health. With the passing of time, the epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 evolves and the knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 infection accumulates. To further improve the scientific and standardized diagnosis and treatment of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, the Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine of Chinese Medical Association commissioned leading experts to develop the Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection under the guidance of the Maternal and Child Health Department of the National Health Commission. This recommendations includes the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, maternal care, medication treatment, care of birth and newborns, and psychological support associated with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is hoped that the recommendations will effectively help the clinical management of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: In order to provide guidance for the prevention and control of epidemic situations in schools, this paper explores the risk perception and prevention behaviors of college students after classes resume in the post-epidemic period of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Methods: By using convenient sampling method, 835 college students who resumed classes were randomly selected from a university in Guizhou. Self-efficacy questionnaire, perceived social support questionnaire and self-designed questionnaire were adiministered. Results: Totally 37.0% of college students believed that the risk of infection was high, 57.4% of college students believed the severity of infection was very high once get infected, meanwhile, 84.3% of them think that keeping away from crowded places was a better preventive behavior, 89.7% of college students often wear masks, 91.4% of college students wash their hands frequently. There was a significant positive correlation between general self-efficacy, perceived social support and preventive behavior (r=0.10-0.65, P<0.01). General self-efficacy and perceived social support play both a partial intermediary role and a chain intermediary role between risk perception and preventive behavior. Conclusion Risk perception of Novel Coronavirus was moderate among college students, who can take active measures to effectively prevent it. Risk perception could not only directly affect the prevention behavior of college students, but also indirectly affect the prevention behavior of college students through understanding social support and general self-efficacy.

Structure of natural product-ursolic acid was modified for increasing its antitumor activity. Ursolic acid was acylated, esterified, hydrolized or oxidized to obtain target pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds with different substitutes. Sixteen derivatives of ursolic acid were designed and synthesized including eleven new compounds. Anti-tumor activities of ursolic acid and these derivatives against HeLa, SKOV3 and BGC-823 cells in vitro were investigated by MTT assay. The results indicated that compounds 7a and 8a were found to have stronger cell growth inhibitory than ursolic acid on HeLa cells and SKOV3 cells separately, and are worth to be intensively studied further.