Objective To explore the value of the ratio between inferior turbinate and nasal cavity morphology in the diagnosis and treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy.Methods The clinical and CT imaging data of patients with nasal septum deviation were retrospectively collected.Patients were divided into an inferior turbinate hypertrophy group(experimental group)and a control group without nasal congestion symptoms and related lesions.Based on CT imaging data,four ratios of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity morphology were calculated:inferior turbinate bone to nasal cavity width ratio,lateral mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,medial mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,and inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio.A t-test was used to compare the four ratios between the experimental and control groups.Results The mean values of inferior turbinate bone to nasal cavity width ratio,lateral mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,medial mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,and inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio at the uncinate process level in the experimental group were 0.344±0.046,0.101±0.031,0.108±0.031,and 0.244±0.043,respectively.In the control group,these ratios were 0.061±0.019,0.074±0.018,0.097±0.044,and 0.146±0.038,respectively.All four ratios were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)for diagnosing inferior turbinate hypertrophy using inferior turbinate bone to nasal cavity width ratio,lateral mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,medial mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,and inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio were 0.870,0.907,0.884,and 0.926,respectively.Conclusion The ratios of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity morphology can serve as quantitative indicators for inferior turbinate hypertrophy,providing clinical value for treatment planning.

Objective To explore the value of the ratio between inferior turbinate and nasal cavity morphology in the diagnosis and treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy.Methods The clinical and CT imaging data of patients with nasal septum deviation were retrospectively collected.Patients were divided into an inferior turbinate hypertrophy group(experimental group)and a control group without nasal congestion symptoms and related lesions.Based on CT imaging data,four ratios of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity morphology were calculated:inferior turbinate bone to nasal cavity width ratio,lateral mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,medial mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,and inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio.A t-test was used to compare the four ratios between the experimental and control groups.Results The mean values of inferior turbinate bone to nasal cavity width ratio,lateral mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,medial mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,and inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio at the uncinate process level in the experimental group were 0.344±0.046,0.101±0.031,0.108±0.031,and 0.244±0.043,respectively.In the control group,these ratios were 0.061±0.019,0.074±0.018,0.097±0.044,and 0.146±0.038,respectively.All four ratios were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)for diagnosing inferior turbinate hypertrophy using inferior turbinate bone to nasal cavity width ratio,lateral mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,medial mucosa of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio,and inferior turbinate to nasal cavity width ratio were 0.870,0.907,0.884,and 0.926,respectively.Conclusion The ratios of inferior turbinate to nasal cavity morphology can serve as quantitative indicators for inferior turbinate hypertrophy,providing clinical value for treatment planning.

In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) carried by exosomes have been shown to play an important regulatory role in multiple stages of wound healing. Exosomes can transport ncRNAs to different target cells or tissue and regulate the expression of target genes and downstream molecules. The proposed competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis suggests that RNAs can build a more sophisticated and complex gene regulatory network by competing for common response elements. Therefore, this review focuses on the long ncRNAs and circular RNAs carried by exosomes, discusses their regulatory roles as ceRNAs in the stages of inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling in wound repair, respectively, and summarizes the feasibility of ncRNAs carried by exosomes as cell-free therapy, in order to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of wounds.

Objective To observe the effect of esketamine on intraoperative analgesic management of burn patients.Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in which 104 patients with scab grafting under general anesthesia in the Fourth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from December 2023 to September 2024 were selected as the study subjects.The patients were divided into esketamine group and sufentanil group according to random number table method,with 52 cases in each group.Basic data,laboratory examination indicators,perioperative circulation of patients[including mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)],perioperative anxiety and pain scales[including self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),visual analog scale for anxiety(VAS-A),visual analog scale for pain(VAS-P),numerical rating scale(NRS),and the occurrence of postoperative adverse reactions.Results After excluding 6 patients who withdrew and 3 who required changes in anesthesia,95 patients completed the study(47 in the esketamine group and 48 in the sufentanil group).Compared with sufentanil group,patients in the two groups had stable intraoperative circulation,esketamine group had higher MAP at 2 minutes after anesthesia intubation(T3),at intraoperative skin removal(T4),at intraoperative skin grafting(T5),and at exit room(T6),HR was faster at T3-T5(P<0.05),and the time from surgery to extubation was extended[minutes:7.0(5.0,11.0)vs.5.0(3.8,8.3),P<0.05],the first exhaust time was significantly shortened[hours:3.8(1.5,7.3)vs.6.2(3.4,10.5),P<0.05],the proportion of increased secretion during recovery period was significantly higher[36.2%(17/47)vs.16.7%(8/48),P<0.05],and the VAS-P score at rest 24 hours after surgery[0.0(0.0,1.0)vs.0.5(0.0,1.0),P<0.05]and VAS-P score during exercise[1.5(1.0,2.0)vs.2.0(1.0,3.0),P<0.05]were significantly lower.There were no significant differences in anesthesia drug consumption and postoperative adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion Esketamine is safe and feasible for intraoperative analgesia management of burn patients,and it is a potential drug for perioperative frugal opioid anesthesia management.

Objective To observe the effect of esketamine on intraoperative analgesic management of burn patients.Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in which 104 patients with scab grafting under general anesthesia in the Fourth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from December 2023 to September 2024 were selected as the study subjects.The patients were divided into esketamine group and sufentanil group according to random number table method,with 52 cases in each group.Basic data,laboratory examination indicators,perioperative circulation of patients[including mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)],perioperative anxiety and pain scales[including self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),visual analog scale for anxiety(VAS-A),visual analog scale for pain(VAS-P),numerical rating scale(NRS),and the occurrence of postoperative adverse reactions.Results After excluding 6 patients who withdrew and 3 who required changes in anesthesia,95 patients completed the study(47 in the esketamine group and 48 in the sufentanil group).Compared with sufentanil group,patients in the two groups had stable intraoperative circulation,esketamine group had higher MAP at 2 minutes after anesthesia intubation(T3),at intraoperative skin removal(T4),at intraoperative skin grafting(T5),and at exit room(T6),HR was faster at T3-T5(P<0.05),and the time from surgery to extubation was extended[minutes:7.0(5.0,11.0)vs.5.0(3.8,8.3),P<0.05],the first exhaust time was significantly shortened[hours:3.8(1.5,7.3)vs.6.2(3.4,10.5),P<0.05],the proportion of increased secretion during recovery period was significantly higher[36.2%(17/47)vs.16.7%(8/48),P<0.05],and the VAS-P score at rest 24 hours after surgery[0.0(0.0,1.0)vs.0.5(0.0,1.0),P<0.05]and VAS-P score during exercise[1.5(1.0,2.0)vs.2.0(1.0,3.0),P<0.05]were significantly lower.There were no significant differences in anesthesia drug consumption and postoperative adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion Esketamine is safe and feasible for intraoperative analgesia management of burn patients,and it is a potential drug for perioperative frugal opioid anesthesia management.

As the major part of mesencephalic locomotion region, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) participates in motor initiation, rhythmic and speed regulation. In addition, PPN is regarded as a novel deep brain stimulation target for patients with Parkinson′s disease due to its dramatic effect on the gait disturbance and postural instability. However, PPN also has an important role in muscle tone control and dystonia. This review is aimed at summarizing the involvement of PPN in dystonia, providing fundamental for targeting PPN for treatment of dystonia in the future.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of electrical stimulation at acupoints in the distribution area of auricular vagus nerve combined with sound masking on auditory brainstem response (ABR) and contents of neurotransmitters of γ-aminobutyric acid (γ-GABA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and acetyl choline (Ach) in inferior colliculus of tinnitus rats.

METHODSTwenty-four male adult SD rats were randomized into a control group, a model group, a 7-d treatment group and a 15-d treatment group. Except the control group, rats in the remaining groups were treated with intraperitoneal injection of 10% salicylate sodium at a dose of 350 mg/kg to establish tinnitus model. Rats in the control group were treated with injection of 0.9% NaCl. Rats in the 7-d treatment group and 15-d treatment group were treated with electrical stimulation at "Shenmen (TF₄)" and "Yidan (CO₁₁)" in the distribution area of auricular vagus nerve combined with sound masking, once a day, for 7 days and 15 days. The SigGenRP software of TDT system was applied to provide voice for single ear and collect the signal, and the voice threshold of ABR was tested. The levels of γ-GABA, 5-HT and Ach in inferior colliculus of rats were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the threshold values of ABR in 12 kHz and 16 kHz voice stimulation in the 7-d treatment group were significantly lower all P < 0.05); the threshold values of ABR from 4 kHz to 28 kHz voice stimulation in the 15-d treatment group were signally reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), which was more significant than those in the 7-d treatment group. The level of γ-GABA in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and that in the 15-d treatment group was apparently higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The level of 5-HT in the model group was markedly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and that in the 7-d treatment group was lower than that in the model group (P < 0.05), while that in the 15-d treatment group was apparently higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The level of Ach in the model group was obviously; lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and that in the 7-d treatment group was higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectrical stimulation at auricular vagus nerve combined with sound masking) could regulate the threshold of ABR, especially in the 15-d treatment group. This may be ascribed to modulating the levels of neurotransmitter of γ-GABA, 5-HT and Ach in inferior colliculus.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Brain Stem ; physiopathology ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Humans ; Inferior Colliculi ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Tinnitus ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Vagus Nerve ; physiopathology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects of Yiweikang(YWK)capsule on gastric mucosa of the model rats with gastritis and gastric ulcer.METHODS:The experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups:YWK high-dosage group,YWK moderate-dosage group,YWK low-dosage group,positive control group(treated with drenched cime?tidine capsule,0.1g/kg),and negative control group(provided with drenched isovolumic distilled water or sodium chloride)in order to observe the effects of YWK for excitable gastric ulcer in mice and gastric ulcer in rats induced by alcohol and pylorus-ligature.RESULTS:Compared with the negative controls,gastric acid,gastric juice and ulcer indices in YWK group declined,most significantly in high-dosage group.CONCLUSION:YWK in oral administration has preventive effects for excitable ulc_ er,alcohol induced ulcer and pylorus-ligature induced ulcer.It also can help the recovery of gastric mucosa of ulcer model rats.