Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) and recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) in preventing chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) in malignant tumors.Methods:The literatures on rhTPO and rhIL-11 in preventing CIT in malignancies were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang database. The search period was from the establishment time of databank to December 2023. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, literatures screening, data extraction, and the quality evaluation of the literatures were performed, and then the data was analyzed by using Review Manager 5.4 software. The lowest platelet count after chemotherapy, the duration of platelet count < 50×10 9/L after chemotherapy, the time for platelet count to recover to ≥ 75×10 9/L after chemotherapy, the time for platelet count to recover to ≥ 100×10 9/L after chemotherapy, platelet transfusions, and adverse reactions were compared between the rhTPO or rhIL-11 prophylactic group and the control group. Results:A total of 7 articles were included, containing 444 patients aged 14-73 years old. Meta analysis showed that prophylactic use of rhTPO or rhIL-11 could increase the minimum platelet count after chemotherapy [standardized mean (SMD) = 23.86, 95% CI: 19.50-28.21, P < 0.001], shorten the time for platelet count recovery to ≥ 75×10 9/L after chemotherapy (SMD= -7.47, 95% CI: -10.34--4.60, P < 0.001), shorten the time for platelet count recovery to ≥ 100×10 9/L after chemotherapy (SMD = -5.80, 95% CI: -10.01--1.59, P < 0.001), shorten the duration of platelet count < 50×10 9/L after chemotherapy (SMD = -0.74, 95% CI: -1.18--0.29, P = 0.001), and reduce platelet transfusion and adverse reactions. Conclusions:rhTPO and rhIL-11 have good efficacy and safety in preventing CIT of malignant tumors.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) and recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) in preventing chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) in malignant tumors.Methods:The literatures on rhTPO and rhIL-11 in preventing CIT in malignancies were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang database. The search period was from the establishment time of databank to December 2023. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, literatures screening, data extraction, and the quality evaluation of the literatures were performed, and then the data was analyzed by using Review Manager 5.4 software. The lowest platelet count after chemotherapy, the duration of platelet count < 50×10 9/L after chemotherapy, the time for platelet count to recover to ≥ 75×10 9/L after chemotherapy, the time for platelet count to recover to ≥ 100×10 9/L after chemotherapy, platelet transfusions, and adverse reactions were compared between the rhTPO or rhIL-11 prophylactic group and the control group. Results:A total of 7 articles were included, containing 444 patients aged 14-73 years old. Meta analysis showed that prophylactic use of rhTPO or rhIL-11 could increase the minimum platelet count after chemotherapy [standardized mean (SMD) = 23.86, 95% CI: 19.50-28.21, P < 0.001], shorten the time for platelet count recovery to ≥ 75×10 9/L after chemotherapy (SMD= -7.47, 95% CI: -10.34--4.60, P < 0.001), shorten the time for platelet count recovery to ≥ 100×10 9/L after chemotherapy (SMD = -5.80, 95% CI: -10.01--1.59, P < 0.001), shorten the duration of platelet count < 50×10 9/L after chemotherapy (SMD = -0.74, 95% CI: -1.18--0.29, P = 0.001), and reduce platelet transfusion and adverse reactions. Conclusions:rhTPO and rhIL-11 have good efficacy and safety in preventing CIT of malignant tumors.

Approximately 8%to 15%of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)harbor BRAF mutation,and the V600E mutation is the most common form of BRAF mutation.The prognosis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer harboring BRAF V600E mutation is poor.Initial standard chemotherapy is often ineffective,necessitating an intensive follow-up treatment,which usually provides limited effic-acy.Consequently,the disease becomes notably difficult to treat and progresses rapidly,resulting in a decreased overall patient survival rate.This review details the research advancements in treatment of BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer.

Objective:To explore changes in high-risk sexual behaviors and associated factors in HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in industrial workers, and provide evidence for designing behavioral interventions for this population.Methods:In this observational study, HIV-infected MSM were recruited in industrial workers using convenient sampling during August to September 2021. The sample size was estimated to be 530. A questionnaire was used and combined with routine follow-up to collect socio-demographic characteristics, high-risk sexual behaviors, partner notification, viral load testing and history of sexually transmitted diseases before and after diagnosis of HIV infection. The χ2 test was used to analyze the changes in high-risk sexual behaviors before and after diagnosis and logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with high-risk sexual behaviors. Results:A total of 560 HIV-infected MSM in industrial workers were recruited in this study. Of whom, 32.1% (180/560) had unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) within 12 months after diagnosis . The proportions of those having UAI with casual, commercial and regular same-sex partners significantly decreased from 73.4% (381/519), 75.1% (187/249) and 69.5% (207/298) within 12 months before diagnosis to 36.2% (146/403), 40.2% (86/214) and 34.2% (67/196) within 12 months after diagnosis , respectively. Educational level of college or above (a OR=0.41, 95% CI:0.23-0.71), passive anal sex (a OR=0.40, 95% CI:0.19-0.85), both active and passive anal sex after diagnosis (a OR=0.40, 95% CI:0.20-0.83) and no unprotected oral sex (a OR=0.02, 95% CI:0.01-0.05) were negatively associated with UAI within 12 months after diagnosis. Whereas, not considering necessary to use condom consistently after having repeated undetectable viral load (a OR=3.02, 95% CI:1.37-6.69) was positively associated with UAI within 12 months after diagnosis. Conclusions:Compared with that before diagnosis of HIV infection, although the prevalence of UAI seemed to decrease in HIV-infected MSM in industrial workers after diagnosis, nearly one third of them had high-risk sexual behaviors. Therefore, relevant interventions should be strengthened to reduce high-risk sexual behaviors.

【Objective】 To provide reference for fine management of blood donors by classifying and analyzing different types of blood donors from domestic blood stations. 【Methods】 The resident population of 15 regions in China from 2016 to 2019 were taken as the research object, among which the blood donors were divided into three categories: age-eligible citizens, registered donors and donated donors. The average value and proportion of the three categories were calculated and statistically analyzed. 【Results】 The resident population of the 15 regions varied greatly. The mean 95% CI of the proportion of age-eligible citizens to resident population from 2016 to 2019 was (60.16%, 67.84%); registered donors to age-eligible citizens and resident population was (2.21%, 2.86%) and (1.41%, 1.79%), respectively; donated donors to registered donors, age-eligible citizens and resident population was (84.63%, 91.68%), (1.93%, 2.55%) and(1.23%, 1.59%), respectively. 【Conclusion】 There were differences in the number and proportion of different types of blood donors in different regions. The fine management of blood donors can help blood stations carry out more effective recruitment and retention strategies.

Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide because of its rapid progression and poor prognosis. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are two major subtypes of esophageal cancer. ESCC predominantly affects African and Asian populations, which is closely related to chronic smoking and alcohol consumption. EAC typically arises in Barrett's esophagus with a predilection for Western countries. While surgical operation and chemoradiotherapy have been applied to combat this deadly cancer, molecularly targeted therapy is still at the early stages. With the development of large-scale next-generation sequencing, various genomic alterations in ESCC and EAC have been revealed and their potential roles in the initiation and progression of esophageal cancer have been studied. Potential therapeutic targets have been identified and novel approaches have been developed to combat esophageal cancer. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the genomic alterations in EAC and ESCC and summarize the potential role of the genetic alterations in the development of esophageal cancer. Progresses in the therapeutics based on the different tissue types and molecular signatures have also been reviewed and discussed.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is caused by the deficiency of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) protein, which is closely related to the occurrence, development, prognosis and efficacy prediction of various tumors. MSI-high (MSI-H) and mismatch repair protein deficiency (dMMR) might be a predictor factor for the good prognosis of patients with gastric cancer, and a negative predictor factor for the chemotherapy efficacy of resectable gastric cancer. MSI-H/dMMR can be used as a marker for predicting the effective treatment outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer, however, the predictive role in palliative chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer is still unclear. This paper reviews the progress of the association of MSI/MMR with prognosis and efficacy prediction in gastric cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value for the clinical application of urokinase combined with Sodium Tanshion ⅡA in the treatment of cerebral thrombosis.Methods160 cases with cerebral thrombosis in our hospital were chosen.They were randomly divided into A group with 80 cases and B group with 80 cases.A group was the observation group (Tanshion ⅡA Urokinase combined treatment group),B group was the control group (urine kinase treatment group).2 weeks treatment was a course.The efficacy of treatment in the two groups at the end was taken for statistical analysis.ResultsThe neurological deficits were significantly improved in A and B group before and after treatment (P ＜ 0.05,there was statistically significant).The neurological deficit scores in A group after treatment was significantly lower than group B ( P ＜ 0.05,there was statistically significant).The total effective rate was 95 ％ by the treatment of urokinase and Tanshion Ⅱa in A group which was higher than group B ( P ＜ 0.05,there was statistically significant difference).ConclusionThe treatment of urokinase combined with Sodium Tanshion Ⅱa could improve neurological deficits and improve the clinical therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPO) on renal injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in mice.Methods Thirty-six healthy male C57BL/6J mice,aged 9-12 weeks,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =12 each):sham operation group ( S group),I/R group,and IPO + I/R group ( group IPO).Intestinal I/R was produced by occlusion of superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by 2 h reperfusion.The mice underwent 3 cycles of 30 s reperfusion and 30 s ischemia at the end of 45 min ischemia before 2 h reperfusion.Blood samples were collected from carotid artery at 2 h of reperfusion and then the mice were sacrificed.The kidney was removed for microscopic examination.The pathological changes of the kidney were scored.The concentrations of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine (Cr) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)were detected.The expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase- 1 ( HO- 1 ),superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA),TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 were determined in renal tissues.Results The concentrations of serum BUN,Cr and NGAL,MDA content and the expression of Nrf2 and HO- 1 were significantly higher,SOD activity was significantly lower,and the pathological score was significantly higher in group I/R that in group S ( P ＜ 0.05).The concentrations of serum BUN,Cr and NGAL and MDA content were significantly lower,the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 and SOD activity were significantly higher,and the pathological score was significantly lower in group IPO that in group I/R ( P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the content of TNF-αα,IL-6 and IL-10 among all groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion IPO can alleviate the renal injury induced by intestinal I/R through promoting the expression of Nrf2 and up-regulating the expression of HO-1 in mice.

ADAMs is a family of transmembrane proteins with multi domains and multiple functions,which play important roles in many(patho-)physiological processes.They are upregulated in a variety of tumors and possess protein shedding and adhesive activities,which showed that they could be useful as tumor biomarkers and promising targets for designing new anti-tumor drugs.This review focuses on the roles ADAMs play in the process of tumor development and the potential application in cancer therapy.