OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of in vitro cultured calculus bovis (ICCB) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) and its mechanism. METHODS: A CIRI rat model and a cell model were induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Sprague Dawley rats and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in BV2 cells, respectively. The CIRI rat model was evaluated using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), brain water content, and cerebral infarction volume after 1.5 h of ischemia followed by 72 h of reperfusion. Histopathological changes in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region were observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Microglial polarization and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome expression in the cortex were examined by immunofluorescence. BV2 cell viability was measured via MTT assay after treatment with ICCB and Nigericin. The expressions of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 proteins and inflammatory cytokines were detected with Western blotting in OGD/R treated BV2 cells (0.5 h OGD+24 h reperfusion) and in cells pretreated with Nigericin for 24 h. RESULTS: ICCB treatment significantly improved neurological function, reduced cerebral infarct volume and brain water content, and mitigated pathological damage in the cortical and hippocampal CA1 regions of rats subjected to CIRI (all P<0.05). ICCB promoted the transition of cortical microglia from M1 to M2 phenotypes and suppressed NLRP3 activation in microglial cells (all P<0.01). ICCB significantly down-regulated the expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 proteins, and reduced the secretion of IL-18 and IL-1β in BV2 cells of OGD/R model (all P<0.01). In addition, Nigericin significantly reversed the salvage effect of ICCB on model cells (both P<0.01) and the modulation of inflammatory cytokines (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS ICCB exerts a protective effect against CIRI by mitigating neuroinflammation, through the reduction of M1 microglial polarization, promotion of M2 conversion, and suppression of the NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 signaling pathway.
Animals ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control* ; Microglia/metabolism* ; Rats ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; Brain Ischemia/metabolism* ; Male

This study aims to evaluate the application of flower petal-structured electrodes in pulsed field ablation (PFA) technology, with a particular focus on their performance in myocardial tissue ablation. Through a combination of simulation techniques and in vitro experiments, the study investigates the effects of different voltage levels, electrode-to-tissue contact distances, and their impact on ablation depth, continuity, and transmurality. The research methods include the construction of a myocardial tissue simulation model, electric field distribution simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics, and in vitro ablation experiments on potato tissue. The results indicate that as voltage increases, the ablation depth significantly increases. At a voltage of 2500 V, a transmural ablation depth of 4 mm can be achieved, and the ablation area remains relatively continuous. The in vitro experiments confirm the consistency of the simulation results, and pulsed field ablation does not induce significant temperature rise, confirming its non-thermal characteristic. The conclusion suggests that PFA technology requires less electrode contact and offers higher ablation efficiency, providing a new technological pathway for the clinical treatment of atrial fibrillation and effectively reducing the risk of complications associated with traditional ablation techniques.
Electrodes ; Catheter Ablation/instrumentation* ; Computer Simulation ; Flowers ; Atrial Fibrillation/surgery* ; Myocardium

Objective: To explore the impact of online sexuality education courses on the sexual knowledge, attitudes and related behaviors of rural girls, so as to provide the practical guidance for promoting sexual health and development. Methods: From February to June 2023, by posting information online and through commonweal organization websites, rural primary schools in 12 provinces were recruited for a semester of online sexuality education courses from October to November 2023. A self compiled sexuality education questionnaire was used to survey the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of rural girls before and after the course intervention, with pre tests in September 2023 and post tests in December 2023. The eligible samples were 3 058 and 2 602 , respectively. Independent sample t tests and text frequency and sentiment analysis were used to process the data Results: In terms of sexual knowledge, the scores of rural girls before and after the test were (8.49±3.29) and (9.40±3.35), respectively, with the post test score being higher than the pre test ( t =-10.20, P <0.01). In terms of attitudes, the scores of rural girls before and after the test were (11.50±4.62) and (10.82±4.80), respectively, with a decrease in stigmatization towards physiological development in the post test ( t =5.40, P <0.01). Regarding sexual related behaviors, the frequency of sexualbased bullying among rural girls was (5.12±2.13) before and (4.89±2.18) after, with a statistically significant difference ( t =3.99, P <0.01). The frequency and willingness of rural girls to discuss sexual topics with significant others both increased on post test (pre test:8.45±2.62; post test: 8.73± 2.62) and (pre test:8.90±2.46, post test:9.16±2.46), with a statistically significant difference ( t =-3.91, -4.03, P < 0.01 ). Text analysis revealed that "boys" "girls" and "menstruation" were the most concerned topics among the participants, and compared to before receiving sex education (69.91%), the proportion of negative emotions among rural girls decreased ( 18.59 %). Conclusion Online sexuality education courses can improve the sexual knowledge of rural girls, reduce stigma and negative emotions towards sex, decrease the incidence of sexual based bullying and increase the frequency and willingness to discuss sexual topics with parents, teachers, and peers.

Objective To quantitatively evaluate the structure and content of the long-term care policy for the older people in the 14th Five-Year Plan in China. Methods The primary indicators were constructed based on multi-source flow model,using Policy Modeling Consisten-cy(PMC)model,and the secondary indicators were constructed based on World Health Organization reports Long-term care for older people:Package for universal health coverage and Decade of healthy ageing:Plan of action.An evaluation system was formed,containing nine primary indicators and 35 secondary indicators.A total of eight policies issued by the nation between November,2021 and January,2024 were included.High-frequency words were extracted using ROSTCM 6.0,a semantic network map of keywords was created using Gephi,and the policies were analyzed using the evaluation system. Results The policies mainly focused on nursing,community,rehabilitation and nursing home,etc.The average PMC in-dex was 6.77.For the policy content coverage,one policy was perfect,five were excellent and two were accept-able.In the dimension of policy content,the indexes of three primary indicators of policy function,policy recep-tors and infrastructure construction were 0.85 or more;while the indexes of three primary indicators of caregiver assistance,support for the elderly and human resources building were 0.7 or less. Conclusion The content of long-term care policies for the older people issued in the 14th Five-Year Plan in China covers well in policy functions,policy recipients and infrastructure,and needs to be upgraded in the three dimensions of caregiver assistance,support for the elderly and human resource building.It is important to strengthen the policy content and measures in three areas,namely,the comprehensive care support network,the creation of an age-friendly environment and support for informal care.

Objective To investigate the application of intra pelvic pressure(IPP)in ultramicro-channel percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.Methods From January 2022 to January 2023,60 patients with urinary calculi who needed Super mini-PCNL(SMP)in The First Hospital of Jiaxing selected as the study objects.According to random number method,the patients were divided into control group and experimental group,with 30 cases.Both groups were treated with ultra-micro channel percutaneous nephrolithotripsia,while the experimental group was monitored and regulated IPP in real time during the operation,and observed and compared clinical indicators,IPP,fever,urinary protein,renal function,hemoglobin(Hb)and adverse reactions between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the hospitalization time of experimental group was shortened and the stone clearance rate was increased(P<0.05).The IPP levels of experimental groups at 6min,12min,24min and 36min were lower than those of control group(P<0.05).The fever of experimental group was lower than that of control group at 2d,3d,4d and 5d after operation(P<0.05).The urinary protein level of experimental group was lower than that of control group at 1d,2d,3d and 4d after operation(P<0.05).Compared with control group,blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatinine(SCr)levels of experimental group were decreased,and Hb levels were increased(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Monitoring and adjusting intrapelvic pressure during super-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy is beneficial in reducing postoperative fever in patients with urolithiasis,reducing urinary protein expression and kidney function damage,and controlling the occurrence of adverse reactions.It is worth recommending.

Purpose To study the consistency of NTRK fu-sion gene in the thyroid carcinoma detected by four technology platforms:immunohistochemistry,DNA-based NGS,FISH and qRT-PCR.Methods NTRK fusion gene was detected by FISH,immunohistochemical(IHC),DNA-based NGS and qRT-PCR in a same group of 40 clinical cases(among them,31 cases were thyroid cancer samples).Results In a group of 31 thyroid cancer cases detected by four techniques,compared with FISH,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV)and total coincidence rate(TCR)of IHC was 100%(9/9),90.9%(20/22),81.8%(9/11),100%(20/20),93.5%(29/31),respectively.The PPV of IHC was poor.The sensitivity,specificity,PPV,NPV and TCR of DNA-based NGS was 44.4%(4/9),100%(22/22),100%(4/4),81.5%(22/27),83.9%(26/31),respectively,and the sensitivity was poor.The TCR of qRT-PCR was 100%(31/31).Compared with FISH,Kappa value of IHC,DNA-based NGS and qRT-PCR was 0.853,0.532 and 1.000,respectively.Of the 40 clinical cases,the concordance between qRT-PCR and FISH was observed for 39 samples,for the qRT-PCR assay did not cover the NTRK fusion type(LM-NA:exon4-NTRK1:exon10).Compared with FISH,the coinci-dence rate of qRT-PCR was highest.Conclusion The RNA-based assay of qRT-PCR does have the advantages of high sensi-tivity and high specificity,and may be an optimal scheme for routine clinical detection of NTRK fusion variation in thyroid cancer in pathology department.

Objective:To collect data on urinary flow rate in the elderly female population across the country and to analyze the range of reference values.Methods:This study enrolled 333 subjects from July 2020 to June 2022.The study implementation process was divided into two steps.In the first step, subjects completed an electronic questionnaire, which included basic information about the subject, a short form for urinary incontinence, and a scoring form for the symptoms of overactive bladder syndrome.In the second step, the staff introduced the use of a mobile uroflowmetric device and distributed the instrument and materials.Uroflow rate data were automatically uploaded to a cloud database via the mobile phone.Subsequently, two or more physicians specializing in urinary control performed Uroflow rate-qualifying screenings and conducted statistical analyses.Results:A total of 333 subjects were enrolled in the study, and the researchers collected 1375 qualified urine flow rate records using a mobile urine flow rate instrument.The age of the subjects ranged from 60 to 84 years, with a mean age of 69 years.The reference ranges for urinary flow rate were found to be 24.8-26.2 s, with a mean urinary flow rate of 12.2-12.9 ml/s, a maximum urinary flow rate of 22.2-23.4 ml/s, and a time to peak of 8.5-9.7 s. The study observed a tendency for both maximal and mean urinary flow rates to decrease in older women as their age increased(Pearson correlation coefficient: -0.1, P<0.001). Conclusions:The uroflow rate of older women decreases with aging.Specifically, the average uroflow rate of women over 80 years old is lower than that of other age groups.This study aims to establish normal uroflow parameters for uroflowmetry in healthy older women in China.

Humans ; Synovial Fluid ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Exosomes/genetics* ; Osteoarthritis/genetics* ; Synovial Membrane