To formulate an expert consensus on the principles of preoperative hair removal and provide scientific guidance for standardized removal of hair before surgical procedures so as to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections.METHODS Led by the Hospital Management Institute of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,this consensus was reached with the joint efforts from the expects of relevant fields such as surgeries,interventional therapies,nursing,and infection prevention and control.The consensus facilitates the classification and evaluation of literatures by following the evidence grade formulated by Oxford Evidence-based Medicine Center and focuses on the association of preoperative hair removal with surgical site infection,it reaches the evidence grade of expert consensus and recommendation intensity by integrating with discussions on meetings and clinical experience of the expects from relevant fields.RESULTS A total of 6 items of consensus were reached by summarizing the latest evidence on the aspects including the indications for preoperative hair removal,tools,range,timing and places.CONCLUSION The consensus,to some extent,make supplements to and complete the exiting regulations and standards.It provides guidance for the medical institutions to carry out the preoperative hair removal.

Immune cells are formed by the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow,in-cluding lymphocytes,macrophages,etc,which participate in the immune defense,immune stability and immune monitoring of the body,and are an indispensable basic component of the immune system.Basic helix-loop-helix family member E40(BHLHE40)has been shown to play an important role in adipogenesis,tumorigenesis,circadian rhythm and hypoxia response.Recently,it was found that BHLHE40 plays a key role in the cell cycle,proliferation and cytokine production of immune cells.This article will review the discovery,naming,structure,and mechanism of BHLHE40 in various periods,as well as it's research progress in immune cells,in order to provide new target for the treatment of immune-related diseases at the genetic level.

To formulate an expert consensus on the principles of preoperative hair removal and provide scientific guidance for standardized removal of hair before surgical procedures so as to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections.METHODS Led by the Hospital Management Institute of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,this consensus was reached with the joint efforts from the expects of relevant fields such as surgeries,interventional therapies,nursing,and infection prevention and control.The consensus facilitates the classification and evaluation of literatures by following the evidence grade formulated by Oxford Evidence-based Medicine Center and focuses on the association of preoperative hair removal with surgical site infection,it reaches the evidence grade of expert consensus and recommendation intensity by integrating with discussions on meetings and clinical experience of the expects from relevant fields.RESULTS A total of 6 items of consensus were reached by summarizing the latest evidence on the aspects including the indications for preoperative hair removal,tools,range,timing and places.CONCLUSION The consensus,to some extent,make supplements to and complete the exiting regulations and standards.It provides guidance for the medical institutions to carry out the preoperative hair removal.

Objective To design a performance testing platform to evaluate the working status and performance characteristics of the ventilator proportional solenoid valve.Methods The performance testing platform had its hardware including a high-pressure gas source,a pressure regulating valve,sensors and etc,and its software designed based on PyQt5 and composed of several modules for data acquisition,parameter setting,image display,indicator computation,result output and etc.Two kinds of proportional solenoid valves(Valve 1、Valve2)were selected for static and dynamic tests to verify the performance of the platform.Results The platform developed facilitated the proportional solenoid valve to carry out accurate computation of static and dynamic indicators at real time and time domain and waveform feature extraction of sensor data by precision control and data acquisition for the proportional solenoid valve.Static tests showed that Valve 1 gained advantages over Valve 2 in static flow characteristics involving in lowered repeatability,return error and offset while enhanced stability;dynamic tests indicated Valve 2 had rapid flow variations and significant flow fluctuation impacts,Valve 1 showed smooth dynamic response changes,and Valve 2 behaved better than Valve 1 in dynamic performance.Conclusion The testing platform developed comprehensively demonstrates the performance characteristics and working performance of the ventilator proportional solenoid valve,which is of great significance to enhance the reliability and safety of the ventilator.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(1):13-19]

Objective:To explore the safety of laparoscopic modified transcystic biliary drainage(modified C-tube technique)in the treatment of biliary stones and application of diagnosing biliary disease.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 68 cases of biliary stones successfully treated with laparoscopic modified C-tube technique from August 2021 to December 2023.The safety,effectiveness,and area of applications were analyzed.The reliability of the principle of the modified fixation method was verified by using an ex vivo gallbladder.Results:Three cases of ex vivo gallbladder demonstrated that the strength of the modified fixation method was reliable,and the sinus tract formed by suture after immediate extraction of the C tube could be dislocated and closed,resisting the bile outflow caused by the weight of the gallbladder.Among the 68 patients,42 were difficult biliary stones,6 were suspected common bile duct stones,and 5 were extrahepatic bile duct stones combined with intrahepatic bile duct stones.Among them,48 cases underwent choledochoscopy assisted trans-choledochal approach for stone removal,and 10 cases underwent transcystic approach stone removal,Six patients underwent simply basket exploration and removal of stones through the cystic duct(5 patients had no residual stones on postoperative C-tube angiography,1 patient had suspected residual stones,and the patient refused further examination and treatment for no symptom),and 4 patients only underwent biliary drainage through the cystic duct;two patients with retained stone passed after the use of topical nitrate drip infusion via C-tube,seven cases underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),stone removal with the assistance of a C-tube after laparoscopic surgery,and the results were uneventful.The mean surgical time was(131±44)min(76-279 min),the maximum daily drainage volume of the C-tube was(401±235)mL/d(10-1 150 mL/d),the hospital stay was(8.6±3.6)d(2-19 d),and the mean time of C-tube removal was(11±6.9)d(5-46 d).There were 14 overall complications,including 2 residual stones,and 12 C-tube related complications,comprising of 1 gradeⅢ a,2 grade Ⅱ,and 9 grade Ⅰ.There were 9 cases of C-tube related adverse events that did not cause complications,including 3 of early detachment,2 of displacement,and 4 of deep insertion.The median follow-up time after surgery was 21(2-30)months,and 5 patients had recurrent stones.Among them,4 patients had slow contrast outflow during cholangiogram,and 1 patient had obvious pancreaticobiliary reflux.55 patients underwent C-tube amylase measurement,and 9 cases showed a significant increase in bile amylase(349-44 936 U/L),suggesting the presence of pancreaticobiliary reflux.Conclusion:Laparoscopic modified C-tube technique can be effectively used in the treatment of biliary stones,which is relatively safe and can be attempted in the diagnosis of biliary diseases.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative study on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication experience among men who have sex with men (MSM) .Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO were searched. The search period was from database establishment to February 1, 2024. The methodological quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center. The integrative synthesis was used to integrate the findings.Results:A total of 11 articles were included, and 36 findings were distilled into eight new categories, which were synthesized to form three integrated findings (perceived PrEP medication benefits by MSM, perceived barriers to PrEP medication by MSM, and multidimensional adaptations to enhance the PrEP medication experience in MSM) .Conclusions:Healthcare providers should pay close attention to the PrEP medication experience of MSM, identify medication challenges promptly, and focus on assisting them with self-adaptation to improve the PrEP medication experience and increase PrEP medication adherence in MSM.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative study on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication experience among men who have sex with men (MSM) .Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO were searched. The search period was from database establishment to February 1, 2024. The methodological quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center. The integrative synthesis was used to integrate the findings.Results:A total of 11 articles were included, and 36 findings were distilled into eight new categories, which were synthesized to form three integrated findings (perceived PrEP medication benefits by MSM, perceived barriers to PrEP medication by MSM, and multidimensional adaptations to enhance the PrEP medication experience in MSM) .Conclusions:Healthcare providers should pay close attention to the PrEP medication experience of MSM, identify medication challenges promptly, and focus on assisting them with self-adaptation to improve the PrEP medication experience and increase PrEP medication adherence in MSM.

Objective This research was performed to identify rodent-borne pathogens in Hekou Port,Yunnan Province.Methods Rodents were captured using cages and dissected to collect their lungs,liver,spleen,and other viscera.Eight pathogens,including Yersinia pestis,Leptospira,Bartonella,and Anaplasmataceae,were identified using polymerase chain reaction amplification.Amplified pathogen sequences from positive samples were sequenced,and BLAST homology searches were conducted using GenBank to confirm pathogen identities.A phylogenetic tree of the identified pathogens was constructed using the neighbor joining method.Results The total of 31 rodents,identified as Rattus tanezumi,R.norvegicus,and Mus musculus,were captured.Among these,R.tanezumi was the dominant species,accounting for 64.52％of the total.Two pathogens,Leptospira interrogans and Neoehrlichia mikurensis,were detected,with positivity rates of 9.68％and 29.03％,respectively.No other pathogens were detected.The overall positivity rate for rodent-borne pathogens was 35.48％.Conclusions The single 16S rRNA gene fragment is insufficient for the molecular identification of all Neoehrlichia species.Accurate species identification should be based on a combined analysis of multiple genes.The prevalence of rodent-borne pathogens in Hekou Port indicates the necessity for enhanced surveillance of rodent-borne diseases and implementation of additional prevention and control measures in border ports.

Objective To design a performance testing platform to evaluate the working status and performance characteristics of the ventilator proportional solenoid valve.Methods The performance testing platform had its hardware including a high-pressure gas source,a pressure regulating valve,sensors and etc,and its software designed based on PyQt5 and composed of several modules for data acquisition,parameter setting,image display,indicator computation,result output and etc.Two kinds of proportional solenoid valves(Valve 1、Valve2)were selected for static and dynamic tests to verify the performance of the platform.Results The platform developed facilitated the proportional solenoid valve to carry out accurate computation of static and dynamic indicators at real time and time domain and waveform feature extraction of sensor data by precision control and data acquisition for the proportional solenoid valve.Static tests showed that Valve 1 gained advantages over Valve 2 in static flow characteristics involving in lowered repeatability,return error and offset while enhanced stability;dynamic tests indicated Valve 2 had rapid flow variations and significant flow fluctuation impacts,Valve 1 showed smooth dynamic response changes,and Valve 2 behaved better than Valve 1 in dynamic performance.Conclusion The testing platform developed comprehensively demonstrates the performance characteristics and working performance of the ventilator proportional solenoid valve,which is of great significance to enhance the reliability and safety of the ventilator.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(1):13-19]

OBJECTIVE: Huachansu injection (HCSI), a promising anti-cancer Chinese medicine injection, has been reported to have the potential for reducing the toxicity of chemotherapy and improving the quality of life for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The objective of this study is to explore the synergistic and detoxifying effects of HCSI when used in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11). METHODS: To investigate the effect of HCSI on anti-CRC efficacy and intestinal toxicity of CPT-11, we measured changes in the biological behavior of LoVo cells in vitro, and anti-tumor effects in LoVo cell xenograft nude mice models in vivo. Meanwhile, the effect of HCSI on intestinal toxicity and the uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) expression was investigated in the CPT-11-induced colitis mouse model. Subsequently, we measured the effect of HCSI and its 13 constituent bufadienolides on the expression of UGT1A1 and organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B3 (OATP1B3) in HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The combination index (CI) results showed that the combination of HCSI and CPT-11 exhibited a synergistic effect (CI < 1), which significantly suppressing the LoVo cell migration, enhancing G2/M and S phase arrest, and inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, the damage to intestinal tissues was attenuated by HCSI in CPT-11-induced colitis model, while the increased expression of UGT1A1 in HepG2 cells and in mouse was observed. CONCLUSION The co-therapy with HCSI alleviated the intestinal toxicity induced by CPT-11 and exerted an enhanced anti-CRC effect. The detoxifying mechanism may be related to the increased expression of UGT1A1 and OATP1B3 by HCSI and its bufadienolides components. The findings of this study may serve as a theoretical insights and strategies to improve CRC patient outcomes. Please cite this article as: Jiang B, Meng ZY, Hu YJ, Chen JJ, Zong L, Xu LY, Zhang XQ, Zhang JX, Han YL. Huachansu injection enhances anti-colorectal cancer efficacy of irinotecan and alleviates its induced intestinal toxicity through upregulating UGT1A1-OATP1B3 expression in vitro and in vivo. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):576-590.
Irinotecan/therapeutic use* ; Animals ; Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics* ; Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Mice, Nude ; Mice ; Up-Regulation/drug effects* ; Male ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Hep G2 Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Intestines/drug effects* ; Amphibian Venoms