Objective To study the five-year survival status and influencing factors of elderly patients with lung cancer complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A cohort study was conducted to follow up 450 patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023. The endpoint of the follow-up was the end of a five-year period or death. The Life Tables method was used to calculate survival rates and plot survival curves. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the influencing factors of five-year survival. Results The results indicated that the overall five-year survival rate of patients was 4.89%, and it decreased year by year. Cox regression analysis showed that age, gender, family functioning, and psychological status significantly influenced patient survival rate (all P<0.05). Stratified analysis found that the smoking status, family functioning, and psychological status of male patients all had an impact on survival rate (all P<0.05), while the psychological status of female patients had a more significant impact on survival (P=0.008). Conclusion This study provides a scientific basis for comprehensive intervention of elderly lung cancer patients with COPD. It is recommended that clinical attention should be paid to psychological and family factors to improve patient prognosis.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound in treating pulmonary nodules, providing evidence-based medical evidence for TCM intervention in pulmonary nodules. Methods Computer search of PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed was conducted to select randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TCM compound intervention in pulmonary nodules, with the retrieval time from the inception to November 29, 2023. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and Review Manager 5.4 was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 RCTs were included, covering 8 provinces across the country, with a total sample size of 1301 patients. The TCM compounds used in the included studies all incorporated the method of dissolving phlegm and dissipating nodules. There was a high risk of bias uncertainty in the included studies. Meta-analysis results suggested that TCM compound could significantly reduce the diameter of pulmonary nodules [MD=−1.41, 95%CI (−1.70, −1.13), P<0.001], decrease the number of nodules [MD=−0.37, 95%CI (−0.73, −0.01), P=0.05], alleviate clinical symptoms [MD=−4.84, 95%CI (−6.04, −3.64), P<0.001], and improve lung function [forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), MD=0.55, 95%CI (0.09, 1.01), P=0.02; FEV1/forced vital capacity, MD=6.12, 95%CI (4.47, 7.78), P<0.001]. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the probability of malignancy between the experimental group and the control group [MD=−0.01, 95%CI (−0.01, 0.00), P=0.09]. Conclusion TCM compound can significantly reduce the diameter of pulmonary nodules, decrease the number of nodules, alleviate clinical symptoms, and improve lung function, but future multicenter, large-sample, high-quality RCTs are still needed to further explore and verify this conclusion.

Objective To investigate gender differences and age-related changes in body composition(BC)among Miao adults in Rongshui,Guangxi Province,and to provide the basis for assessing nutritional status and health.Methods With informed consent,630 Miao adults(218 males,412 females)were randomly selected for this study.Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA).Results Weight,fat-free mass,muscle mass,trunk muscle mass,limb muscle mass,waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),body water,presumtion of bone mass and protein were significantly higher in males than in females.And the fat mass,trunk fat mass,limb fat mass,visceral fat content,subcutaneous fat content and percentage of body fat were significantly higher in females than in males.According to the evaluation of body mass index(BMI)and WHR,the proportion of overweight and obesity of Miao adults was higher than the average level of Miao residents,and their obesity was characterized by central obesity.With age,weight,fat mass,muscle mass,fat-free mass,limb muscle mass,limb fat mass,subcutaneous fat content,percentage of body fat,body water,presumtion of bone mass,and protein of Rongshui Miao adults showed a gradual decreasing trend,while visceral fat content and WHR increased progressively.BMI in male Miao adults,along with BMI,fat mass,trunk fat mass,subcutaneous fat content,percentage of body fat,and body water in female Miao adults,showed a trend of increasing followed by decreasing,peaking at the age of 40-49 years.Conclusion The body composition of Miao adults in Rongshui,Guangxi,exhibits significant gender differences and age-related variation change patterns,which may increase the risk of sarcopenia and metabolic diseases with aging.

Objective To investigate the potential mechanism of action of polygonatum odoratum in treating Alzheimer's disease through the utilization of network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.Methods The methods employed include target screening,Gene Ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis,and molecular docking simulations to assess the binding interactions between the active compounds in polygonatum odoratum(POD)and the key target proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease.Subsequently,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)was used to induce an inflammatory cell model in BV2 microglial cells.After treating the cell model with POD extract for 24 hours,the cells were collected,and the expression of the target genes were detected by Real-time PCR.Results Eight active ingredients and 172 targets of POD were screened.The biological processes such as protein phosphorylation and signal transduction,protein binding and ATP binding were obtained by GO functional analysis.KEGG enrichment yielded PI3K/Akt,cAMP and other signaling pathways.The molecular docking result showed that the active ingredient of POD had well binding activity with epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src(SRC),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),STAT3.Through Real-time PCR experiments,the gene expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PTGS2),interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1β in the LPS-induced inflammatory cell model were significantly upregulated.After treating the inflammatory model with POD extract for 24 hours,the expression of TNF-α was significantly reduced,the expression of STAT3 was upregulated,there were no significant changes in the expressions of SRC and EGFR.Conclusion Network pharmacology suggests polygonatum odoratum's potential anti-Alzheimer's effects may be mediated through its interaction with targets such as EGFR,TNF,SRC,and STAT3.The experimental results suggest that polygonatum odoratum exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by acting on TNF-α,which may further alleviate the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective To establish a rapid,sensitive,and specific multiplex PCR detection method for the simultaneous detection of Cryptosporidium,Eimeria,and bovine parvovirus.Methods Specific primers targeting the SSU rRNA genes of Cryptosporidium and Eimeria,as well as the VP2 gene of bovine parvovirus were designed and the corresponding recombinant plasmid standards were constructed.To establish the multiplex PCR method,the reaction conditions were optimized using temperature gradient PCR and single-variable control methods.The sensitivity,specificity,reproducibility,and clinical application of the protocol were evaluated.Results The optimal annealing temperature was found to be 60.5℃,and the forward and reverse primer concentrations were determined to be 0.2 μmol/L for Eimeria,and 0.4 μmol/L for Cryptosporidium and bovine parvovirus.The assay demonstrated high sensitivity,with detection limits of 243,260,and 3 110 copies for the recombinant plasmid standards of Cryptosporidium,Eimeria,and bovine parvovirus,respectively.Specificity testing showed no cross-reactivity with ten common bovine pathogens,including Salmonella,bovine viral diarrhea virus,and bovine rotavirus.Consistent intra-and inter-batch results confirmed the strong reproducibility of the method.Clinical application to 81 diarrhea samples from various regions in the Ganzi Prefecture,Sichuan,revealed positivity rates of 18.52%(15/81)for Cryptosporidium,34.57%(28/81)for Eimeria,and 18.52%(15/81)forbovineparvovirus,withamixedinfectionrateof3.7%(3/81).Conclusions Themultiplex PCR method established in this study offers a reliable tool for differential diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of the three common diarrheal pathogens in yaks.

Depressive disorder is a kind of mental disorder characterized by persistent and significant depressed mood, with complex etiology and high recurrence rate. At present, more precise and effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are still required. Increasing evidence suggests that hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and related pathways are involved in regulating the development and recovery of depression. HIF-1 enhances neuroplasticity, mitigates neuroinflammatory responses, alleviates oxidative stress, and modulates brain energy metabolism by influencing specific molecules associated with depression. This paper reviews pertinent domestic and international studies, examine the potential mechanisms of HIF-1 in the pathogenesis and progression of depression, and explore antidepressant treatment strategies targeting the HIF-1 signaling pathway. This article provides novel insights into elucidating the pathogenesis of depression and developing innovative therapeutic approaches.

AIM:To investigate the therapeutic ef-fect of crocetin on diabetic lower limb ischemia and explore its underlying mechanism.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice aged 8 weeks were used to es-tablish a diabetic mouse model through intraperito-neal injection of streptozotocin(STZ).Following successful induction of diabetes,femoral artery li-gation(FAL)surgery was performed to create a model of diabetic lower limb ischemia.Fourteen days after STZ injection,the mice were treated with crocetin(3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg)by gavage for 21 consecutive days.Post-FAL surgery,Doppler flowmetry was employed to assess blood flow in the mice of each group.Immunofluorescence stain-ing techniques were utilized to observe the expres-sion levels of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule(CD31),α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),and inflammatory-related factors including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),in-terleukin-6(IL-6),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in the gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic mice with lower limb ischemia.RESULTS:Com-pared to the normal group,the model group exhib-ited significantly elevated blood glucose levels and significantly reduced lower limb blood flow(P＜0.05).While CD31 and α-SMA expression showed no significant change,the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and TGF-β were significantly in-creased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.05,P＜0.05).Com-pared to the model group,crocetin-treated groups showed no significant change in blood glucose lev-els but demonstrated significantly increased lower limb blood flow(P＜0.05).The high-dose crocetin group(6 mg/kg)significantly enhanced CD31 andα-SMA expression(P＜0.0001,P＜0.05)and signifi-cantly reduced the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TGF-β(P＜0.001,P＜0.05,P＜0.05).CONCLU-SION:Crocetin may exert its beneficial effects on diabetic lower limb ischemia through anti-inflam-matory and angiogenic mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of tracking methodology on investigation of contamination incidents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)specimens from the children.METHODS The onsite tracking was carried out for the contamination incidents of BALF specimens of the children through the tracking methodology,the quality control processes of cleaning and disinfection of bronchofiberscopes and the tracking routes were determined.The quality control process of cleaning and disinfection of bronchofiberscopes were evaluated,the existing risks were found out,and the specific improvement measures were formulated.RESULTS The onsite tracking was carried out for the incident of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)that was caused by the contamination of 12 BALF specimens from pediatrics department wards before and after Nov.1,2021.No.2180014C bronchofiber-scope without biological surveillance was determined as the high-risk point of contamination of BALF specimens,the monitoring procedure of cleaning and disinfection of the bronchofiberscopes was revised.The BALF specimens that were submitted from Dec.1,2021 to Dec.31,2021 were tracked,and no CRKP was detected among the 23 submitted specimens.Totally 12 bronchofiberscope specimens were collected for biological surveillance,and the qualified rate was 100.00％.The treatment rooms of pediatrics department,hand disinfection effect of health care workers of cleaning and disinfection rooms and disinfection effect of object surfaces were monitored,and the quali-fied rate was increased from 98.39％to 100.00％.CONCLUSIONS The tracking methodology is an effective tool for quality management and can be used for evaluation of quality process of cleaning and disinfection of bronchofi-berscopes,which may find out the causes for adverse events in a timely manner and raise the medical safety.

At present,reforming and innovating the public health talent training model are the challenges that the construc-tion of new medical in our country.Medical Immunology is the initial driving force in preventive medicine.Based on the course con-struction of Medical Immunology and centering on the core link of post competency of preventive medicine undergraduates,this study comprehensively reshapes the course system of Medical Immunology from the aspects of theoretical courses,practical courses,experi-mental courses,ideological and political courses and assessment methods,so as to provide reference for improving the teaching quality of preventive healthcare undergraduates.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of ¹⁸ F-deoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT metabolic parameters combined with clinicopathological features for newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) before treatment, and analyze the relationship between tumor metabolic volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and clinicopathological features. METHODS: The clinical data of 120 patients with pathologically confirmed DLBCL were retrospectively analyzed and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT was performed 1 week before treatment. The metabolic parameters including SUVmax, SUVmean, tumor-to-blood standardized uptake value ratio (TBR), tumor-to-liver standardized uptake value ratio (TLR) were obtained. MTV and TLG of the lesions were obtained with 41% of SUVmax as the threshold, and the correlation of MTV and TLG with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated by follow-up for 6-153 months. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier test, log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the date. RESULTS: The optimum cut-off values of the SUVmax, MTV, TLG, TBR and TLR for predicting tumor progression were 22.25, 256.05, 5 232.67, 12.97 and 10.60, respectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the above cut-off values, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in PFS between the two group (all P <0.05). The MTV and TLG values were correlated with NCCN-IPI score, Ann Arbor stage, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, and C-MYC, BCL-2, BCL-6 gene rearrangement (all P <0.05). Univariate analysis showed that NCCN-IPI score >3, C-MYC, BCL-2, BCL-6 gene rearrangement positive, SUVmax≥22.25, MTV≥256.05 cm³, TLG≥5 232.67 g and TBR≥12.97 were adverse factors for prognosis (HR: 1.949-5.759, all P <0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that C-MYC, BCL-2 gene rearrangement positive and TLG≥5 232.67 g were all independent risk factors affecting PFS (HR: 4.660, 3.350, 4.031, all P <0.05). CONCLUSION The ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters SUVmax, MTV, TLG, TBR and TLR can be used as important indicators to predict PFS of DLBCL patients, and combining clinicopathological features can better predict the prognosis of patients.
Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis* ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult