Radionuclides can be hazardous by absorbed through the skin, respiratory and digestive tracts. Chelating agents and adsorbents already could effectively remove them, however traditional chelators have side effects such as nephrotoxicity, teratogenicity, and embryotoxicity. As a new type of nuclide adsorbent, polysaccharide has the advantages of safety, biocompatibility, and high clearance rate. In this paper, the main types and perniciousness of radionuclides, and the latest research of polysaccharides in radionuclide removal were summarized. The application of polysaccharide as an effective adsorption molecule for radio nuclides in nuclear wars, nuclear accidents and other sudden nuclear events is promising.

Animal experiments are an essential component of life sciences and medical research. However, the external validity and reliability of individual animal studies are frequently challenged by inherent limitations such as small sample sizes, high design heterogeneity, and poor reproducibility, which impede the effective translation of research findings into clinical practice. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis represent a key methodology for integrating existing evidence and enhancing the robustness of conclusions. Currently, however, the application of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in the field of animal experiments lacks standardized guidelines for their conduct and reporting, resulting in inconsistent quality and, to some extent, diminishing their evidence value. To address this issue, this paper aims to systematically delineate the reporting process for systematic reviews and meta-analysis of animal experiments and to propose a set of standardized recommendations that are both scientific and practical. The article's scope encompasses the entire process, from the preliminary preparatory phase [including formulating the population， intervention， comparison and outcome （PICO） question, assessing feasibility, and protocol pre-registration] to the key writing points for each section of the main report. In the core methods section, the paper elaborates on how to implement literature searches, establish eligibility criteria, perform data extraction, and assess the risk of bias, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis （PRISMA) statement, in conjunction with relevant guidelines and tools such as Animal Research： Reporting of in Vivo Experiments （ARRIVE) and a risk of bias assessment tool developed by the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). For the presentation of results, strategies are proposed for clear and transparent display using flow diagrams and tables of characteristics. The discussion section places particular emphasis on how to scientifically interpret pooled effects, thoroughly analyze sources of heterogeneity, evaluate the impact of publication bias, and cautiously discuss the validity and limitations of extrapolating findings from animal studies to clinical settings. Furthermore, this paper recommends adopting the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to comprehensively grade the quality of evidence. Through a modular analysis of the entire reporting process, this paper aims to provide researchers in the field with a clear and practical guide, thereby promoting the standardized development of systematic reviews and meta-analysis of animal experiments and enhancing their application value in scientific decision-making and translational medicine.

Metastatic lung cancer continues to cause a high number of deaths due to high malignancy and poor prognosis, and the efficacy of typical chemotherapy or immunotherapy is less than ideal due to the low pulmonary accumulation and targeting of therapeutics. Here, a submicron-sized biomimetic liposome was formulated for the lung-targeted co-delivery of bacterial superantigen and paclitaxel. Recombinant staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 (rSEC2), a bacterial superantigen, was expressed with the Escherichia coli system and showed potent immunostimulatory activities to mediate tumor cell death. The submicron-sized (∼800 nm) biomimetic liposomes, namely 4T1 cell membrane-hybrid rSEC2 paclitaxel liposomes (TSPLs), exhibited high lung-accumulation efficiency and tumor homologous effect due to the suitable particle size and membrane hybridization of cancer cell membranes with phospholipids. Intravenous TSPLs remarkably inhibited metastatic lung cancer with limited systemic immune responses. TSPLs reversed the immunosuppressive state and increased the proportion of local CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in the lung; moreover, paclitaxel increased tumor cell apoptosis and reduced tumor burden. In summary, the high lung cancer targeting was achieved by particle size control and cell membrane hybridization, and the highly efficient anticancer effect was achieved by the co-delivery of superantigens and chemotherapeutic drugs.

Myocardial fibrosis is a serious cause of heart failure and even sudden cardiac death. However, the mechanisms underlying myocardial ischemia-induced cardiac fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we identified that the expression of sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1), was increased significantly in the ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, dilated cardiomyopathy patients (GSE116250) and fibrotic heart tissues of mice. Additionally, inhibition or knockdown of SARM1 can improve myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function of myocardial infarction (MI) mice. Moreover, SARM1 fibroblasts-specific knock-in mice had increased deposition of extracellular matrix and impaired cardiac function. Mechanically, elevated expression of SARM1 promotes the deposition of extracellular matrix by directly modulating P4HA1. Notably, by using the Click-iT reaction, we identified that the increased expression of ZDHHC17 promotes the palmitoylation levels of SARM1, thereby accelerating the fibrosis process. Based on the fibrosis-promoting effect of SARM1, we screened several drugs with anti-myocardial fibrosis activity. In conclusion, we have unveiled that palmitoylated SARM1 targeting P4HA1 promotes collagen deposition and myocardial fibrosis. Inhibition of SARM1 is a potential strategy for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis. The sites where SARM1 interacts with P4HA1 and the palmitoylation modification sites of SARM1 may be the active targets for anti-fibrosis drugs.

Objective: To observed the effect of a curcumin-based vaginal gel combined with electroporation for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) caused by Candida albicans. Methods: Temperature-sensitive in situ gels (ISG) were prepared using poloxamers 407 and 188 as matrices. The mass ratio of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188 was 7:1 with a gelation temperature of approximately 29°C and gelation time of 2.5 min. Results: Electroporation increased the transmucosal permeability of the model drug, doxorubicin and improved the antifungal effects of curcumin. In vitro antifungal experiments showed that the number of fungal colonies in curcumin ISG combined with electroporation was lower than that in pure curcumin ISG. In vivo pharmacodynamic experiments showed that, compared to the model group, curcumin ISG with electroporation inhibited the growth of C. albicans, alleviated vaginal mucosal edema, and reduced the inflammatory response. Conclusion Curcumin ISG combined with electroporation has substantial potential for the efficient clinical treatment of VVC.

ObjectiveTo investigate vitamin D level in children with cholestatic liver disease， and to provide a theoretical basis for vitamin D supplementation therapy in children with this disease. MethodsA total of 116 children with cholestatic liver disease who attended Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Beijing Children’s Hospital， Capital Medical University， for the first time from January 2022 to January 2024 were enrolled and divided into groups for comparison based on sex， age， vitamin D supplementation dose， course of the disease， and etiology. The data on the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D （25-OH-D） and related biochemical parameters were collected to assess the correlation between vitamin D level and biochemical parameters. The chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups， and the Spearman rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis. ResultsAmong the 116 children， 76 （65.5%） had vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. The children with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency accounted for 65.7% （46/70） among boys and 65.2% （30/46） among girls， with no significant difference between boys and girls （χ²=0.003， P=0.956）. The children with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency accounted for 83.3% （25/30） among the children who had never received vitamin D supplementation， 58.7% （27/46） among the children with a daily supplementation dose of 500 IU， 64.3% （18/28） among the children with a daily supplementation dose of 700 IU， and 50.0% （6/12） among the children with a daily supplementation dose of>700 IU， and there was no significant difference between these groups （χ²=6.460， P=0.091）. Comparison between the groups with different etiologies showed that the children with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency accounted for 57.7% （15/26） in the infectious disease group， 66.7% （10/15） in the inherited metabolic disease group， 66.7% （6/9） in the drug-induced liver injury group， 100.0% （8/8） in the group with abnormal structure of the biliary system， and 63.8% （37/58） in the group with unknown etiology， and there was no significant difference between these groups （χ²=5.304， P=0.252）. Comparison between the groups with different courses of the disease showed that the children with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency accounted for 78.4% （29/37） in the<1 month group， 54.3% （25/46） in the 1‍ — ‍3 months group， 53.3% （8/15） in the 3‍ — ‍6 months group， and 77.8% （14/18） in the>6 months group， with no significant difference between these groups （χ²=7.432， P=0.059）. Comparison between different age groups showed that compared with the infant group， the children group had a significantly higher proportion of children with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency （χ²=9.504， P=0.018）. The correlation analysis showed that serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase had no significant correlation with 25-OH-D （P>0.05）； serum alkaline phosphatase （ALP） （r=-0.286， P=0.002）， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase （GGT） （r=-0.248， P=0.007）， total bilirubin （TBil） （r=-0.353， P<0.001）， direct bilirubin （DBil） （r=-0.299， P=0.001）， and total bile acid （r=-0.236， P=0.011） were negatively correlated with 25-OH-D， while serum calcium （r=0.263， P=0.004） and phosphorus （r=0.385， P<0.001） were positively correlated with 25-OH-D. ConclusionMost children with cholestatic liver disease have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency， and the increase in serum ALP， GGT， TBil， DBil or total bile acid and the reduction in calcium or phosphorus may suggest vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency.

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between severe cardiotoxicity caused by oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine and genetic polymorphism， thereby providing references for safe clinical medication use. METHODS Clinical pharmacists conducted a correlation analysis on a case of severe cardiotoxicity in a rectal cancer patient at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University following first-time treatment with standard doses of oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine. Case reports of cardiotoxicity caused by oxaliplatin and capecitabine were retrieved from the Chinese and English databases such as CNKI and PubMed.Basic patient information， drug treatment plan， and cardiotoxic manifestations were extracted and summarized. Combined with the patient’s genetic polymorphism test results related to the metabolism and excretion of platinum-based and fluorouracil drugs， potential mechanisms and prevention strategies for cardiotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin and capecitabine were discussed. RESULTS The patient exhibited homozygous mutations in ABCB1 C3435T and G2677T/A， a heterozygous mutation in MTHFR A1298C， and a heterozygous mutation in GSTP1 A105G， indicating impaired metabolism and excretion of oxaliplatin and capecitabine. The pharmacists recommended discontinuing oxaliplatin and reducing capecitabine to 50% of the original dose for subsequent treatment. The physicians adopted this advice， and the patient experienced no further severe adverse reactions with stable disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Oxaliplatin and capecitabine may cause severe cardiotoxicity. Medical institutions with adequate resources should perform genetic polymorphism test related to drug metabolism and excretion in patients prescribed these agents. For patients with multiple gene mutations， close monitoring and appropriate dose reductions are recommended to ensure medication safety and efficacy.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the thyroid examination results and influencing factors of interventional radiation workers in Tianjin.Methods:In February 2023, A convenient sampling method was used to select the staff engaged in interventional radiation work in an occupational health inspection institution in Tianjin from 2020 to 2022 as the study object. After excluding the incomplete data, 1080 people were included, and 363 medical staff with non-radiological work during the same period were included as the control group. To analyze the individual doses and occupational health examination data of interventional radiation workers, and to analyze the possible influencing factors of thyroid abnormalities.Results:The cumulative dose M ( Q1, Q3) of interventional radiation workers was 1.039 (0.528, 1.905) mSv. The levels of FT 3 and FT 4 in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group, while TSH levels were lower than those in the control group ( Z=4.84、6.03、-5.82, P<0.05). The levels of FT 3 and FT 4 in female interventional radiation workers were lower than those in males, while the levels of TSH were higher than those in males ( Z= -17.54、-6.65、3.61, P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in FT 3 levels among different ages, differen tradiation exposure years, different initial age of exposure to radiation, and different cumulative doses ( H=47.22、11.33、16.70, Z=-2.48, P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in thyroid ultrasound abnormalities among different genders, different ages, different initial age of exposure to radiation, and different cumulative doses ( χ2=28.02、61.12、17.87、11.30, P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of FT 3 distributed in the low-level group were female ( OR=10.53, 95% CI: 7.66-14.47, P<0.05), and age 40-49, ≥50 years old ( OR=2.40, 95% CI: 1.12-5.14 OR=3.79, 95% CI: 1.59-9.03, P<0.05). The influencing factors of thyroid ultrasound abnormalities were female ( OR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.48-2.50, P<0.05) and age ≥50 years old ( OR=3.93, 95% CI: 1.91-8.09, P<0.05) . Conclusion:Long term low dose ionizing radiation has a certain effect on FT 3, FT 4 and TSH levels of interventional radiation workers. Gender and increased age are possible influencing factors of the decreased FT 3 levels and thyroid ultrasound abnormalities.

Objective:To explore the dual mediating effects of health belief and depression among health knowledge, social support, and health behaviors based on the capacity, opportunity, motivation-behavior (COM-B) model, and analyze the influencing factors of health behaviors in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:This multi-center cluster sampling research recruited ischemic stroke patients ( n=1 696) who were hospitalized in neurology departments of five tertiary hospitals in Henan Province from October 2023 to October 2024. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted using the general information questionnaire, social support rating scale (SSRS), stroke prevention knowledge questionnaire(SPKQ), short form health belief model scale(SF-HBMS), health promoting lifestyle profile-Ⅱ (HPLP-Ⅱ), and patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9) to ultimately reveal the pathways and effect sizes among variables. Partial correlation analysis and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis were conducted to examine the relationships among social support, health knowledge, health belief, health behaviors, and depression in stroke patients by SPSS 26.0 software. Structural equation modeling was constructed using AMOS 28.0 software, and the mediating effect was tested using the Bootstrap method. Results:The scores of social support, health knowledge, health belief, and health behaviors among ischemic stroke patients were (37.46±9.94), (26.56±6.84), (75.62±12.62) and (130.79±26.27), respectively. The score of depression was 5.00 (2.00, 8.00). Health behaviors were positively correlated with health knowledge, social support, and health belief( r=0.333, 0.246, 0.267, all P<0.05), while negatively correlated with depression ( r=-0.146, P<0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that health knowledge, social support, health belief, and depression were all influencing factors of health behaviors in ischemic stroke patients (all P<0.05). Health belief (effect value=0.068, 95% CI=0.048-0.093) and depression (effect value=0.009, 95% CI=0.003-0.018) both played partial mediating roles between health knowledge and health behaviors, accounting for 17.3%(0.077/0.446) of the total effect. Meanwhile, health belief (effect value=0.045, 95% CI=0.029-0.063) and depression (effect value=0.016, 95% CI=0.008-0.027) both played partial mediating roles between social support and health behaviors, accounting for 26.5%(0.061/0.230) of the total effect. Conclusion:Health knowledge and social support can not only directly influence health behaviors but also indirectly affect them through health belief and depression in patients with ischemic stroke.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota distribution in children with cyclic vomiting syndrome（CVS）complicated by constipation.Methods:The children with CVS, aged from 1 to 16 years, who were admitted to Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital from June 2022 to January 2024, were divided into constipation group and normal group(non-constipation group) according to whether they were complicated with constipation or not.The clinical data and stool samples of children were collect. The abundance, diversity and composition of intestinal flora in fecal samples of two groups were detected by metagenomics sequencing.Results:A total of 20 children with CVS were collected, including 10 patients in constipation group and 10 patients in normal group.There were no significant differences in general demographic data between the two groups, including age at admission, age at first onset, body mass index, gender distribution, disease severity, endoscopic findings, and abdominal pain patterns.Microbiome analysis yielded 470 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), with 414 OTUs identified in normal group and 56 OTUs in constipation group. The abundance and diversity of intestinal flora in constipation group were significantly lower than those in normal group. Principal coordinate analysis and principal component analysis indicated significant structural differences in gut microbiota composition between the two groups. LEfSe analysis revealed distinct taxonomic patterns between the two groups, with the normal group demonstrating predominant representation of Firmicutes at the phylum level, while the constipation group showed higher relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the carbon metabolism pathways was significantly enriched in the constipation group.Conclusion:There are significant differences in intestinal flora between CVS children with and without comorbid constipation.Bacteroides and Actinomycetes play an important role in constipation of children with CVS. The diversity and metabolic function of intestinal flora may be one of the pathological mechanisms of CVS complicated with constipation.