Endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) offers substantial advantages in the management of degenerative spinal diseases, including accelerated postoperative recovery. However, its technical complexity and steep learning curve pose risks for nerve root injury. Optimizing nerve root protection in full-endoscopic facet-sparing TLIF (FE fs-TLIF) and full-endoscopic facet-resecting TLIF (FE fr-TLIF) is essential for enhancing surgical safety. This study aimed to improve the nerve root protection in FE fs-TLIF and FE fr-TLIF by optimizing cage glider selection and insertion techniques based on the specific cage shape—banana-shaped or bullet-shaped. The goal was to ensure safe cage positioning and mitigate nerve root injury during discectomy, endplate preparation, and cage insertion. These strategies were validated through cadaveric simulations and clinical implementation. In FE fr-TLIF utilizing bullet-shaped (straight) cages, one-tip and two-tip cage gliders effectively protected the traversing nerve root by facilitating medial cage entry, thereby minimizing irritation of the exiting nerve root. Conversely, in FE fr-TLIF with banana-shaped cages, the lateral tilt of the cage holder during implantation required the use of a two-tip cage glider to protect the traversing and exiting nerve roots, thereby mitigating the potential risk of nerve irritation. In FE fs-TLIF, a one-tip cage glider is preferred for safeguarding the exiting nerve root, while the traversing root is inherently protected by the medial wall of the facet joint. The use of a two-tip cage glider in FE fs-TLIF can cause injury to the nerve root during glider insertion. In addition to the selection of cage gliders, improper cage insertion steps can also contribute to postoperative neurapraxia. The appropriate selection of cage gliders with corresponding insertion techniques is critical for nerve root protection in endoscopic TLIF. Tailoring these choices to the specific approach (FE fs-TLIF or FE fr-TLIF) and cage type (banana or bullet) enhances surgical safety and clinical outcomes.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of malaria and provide a basis for developing improved prevention and control measures. Methods Data were obtained from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Malaria surveillance data for Nanning City from January 1,2023, to December 31,2024, were exported from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management Subsystem. The characteristics of the two groups of malaria cases were compared. Results A total of 103 imported malaria cases were reported in Nanning City in 2024, representing a 38.32% decrease compared with the same period of the previous year. No statistically significant difference were observed between cases reported in 2023 and 2024 in terms of average age, gender ratio, proportion of parasite species, and monthly reporting distribution;however, statistically significant differences were found in the proportion of reporting areas and current residence areas(χ2= 13.572 and 10.355, respectively; P = 0.001 and 0.035, respectively). The proportion of cases reported in Shanglin County and the proportion of cases residing in Shanglin County were both lower than those during the same period of the previous year. Conclusions The high aggregation of imported malaria cases in Nanning City has decreased. Medical institutions in areas other than Shanglin County should strengthen their vigilance against malaria.

The plants of the genus Caragana Fabr. are desert plants of the Leguminosae family, which are widely used in traditional ethnomedicine, with the effects of nourishing Yin and nourishing blood, dispelling wind and removing dampness, clearing heat and detoxifying toxins. The anti-inflammatory effect of Caragana Fabr. has attracted much attention, the research on the related mechanism has made some progress, but it lacks systematic collation. By summarising the anti-inflammatory effects of the active ingredients of Caragana Fabr., the authors found that they have good anti-inflammatory activities on different inflammatory cell models in vitro, and have good improvement effects on rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, complex nephritis, and acute lung injury and other disease models. The anti-inflammatory effects of the active components of this genus mainly include the reduction of the levels of a variety of pro-inflammatory factors, and the signalling pathways involved mainly include TLR4/NF-κB, TLR4/MAPK, TLR4/NF-κB/IRF3, JAK/STAT-1, ERK/STAT-1 and so on. Therefore, the paper mainly reviews the research progress on the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of the Caragana Fabr. plants and their active components according to disease types, with a view to providing reference for the in-depth study of their anti-inflammatory activities and the development of new products with related functions.

Blood resource shortages, characterized by regional imbalance, seasonal fluctuations, and expiration-related wastage, pose a critical challenge to China's public health system. Cryopreserved red blood cell (RBC) technology, with its ultra-long preservation period, transfusion efficacy, and safety, offers a strategic pathway to alleviate chronic blood shortages and optimize resource allocation. This article systematically reviews the technological evolution of RBC cryopreservation, clarifies its core advantages, and identifies bottlenecks and improvement strategies in large-scale application. The establishment of a regularized cryopreserved RBC bank holds multidimensional strategic value; however, its practical implementation requires resolving challenges such as thawing timeliness, standardization gaps, and insufficient grassroots equipment. Future advancements should prioritize glycerol-free washing-free cryopreservation technologies, post-thaw extended preservation additive formulations, and intelligent thawing equipment to overcome throughput and spatiotemporal constraints, thereby providing robust technical support for building a regularized cryopreserved RBC bank and enhancing the efficiency of China's blood security framework.

ObjectiveTo explore the quantity-quality transfer process of medicinal materials， decoction pieces and standard decoction of Haliotidis Concha（Haliotis discus hannai） by analyzing the physical phase and compositional changes， so as to provide references for the effective control of its quality. MethodsA total of 20 batches of Haliotidis Concha（H. discus hannai） from different habitats were collected and prepared into corresponding calcined products and standard decoction， and the content of CaCO₃ of the three samples were determined and the extract yield and transfer rate of CaCO₃ were calculated. The changes in elemental composition and their relative contents were investigated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry（XRF）， X-ray diffraction（XRD） was used to study the changes in the phase compositions of the three samples and to establish their respective XRD specific chromatogram. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry（FTIR） was used to study the changes in the chemical composition and content changes of the three samples and to establish their respective FTIR specific chromatogram， while combining hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA）， principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） to find the common and differential characteristics， in order to explore the quantity-quality transfer relationship in the preparation process of standard decoction of Haliotidis Concha（H. discus hannai）. ResultsThe CaCO₃ contents of the 20 batches of medicinal materials， decoction pieces and standard decoction of Haliotidis Concha（H. discus hannai） were 93.87%-98.95%， 96.02%-99.97% and 38.29%-51.96%， respectively， and the extract yield of standard decoction was 1.71%-2.37%， and the CaCO₃ transfer rate of decoction pieces-standard decoction was 0.68%-1.27%. XRF results showed that the elemental species and their relative contents contained in Haliotidis Concha and its calcined products had a high degree of similarity， and although there was no obvious difference in the elemental species contained in decoction pieces and standard decoction， the difference in the relative contents was obvious， which was mainly reflected in the decrease of the relative content of element Ca and the increase of the relative content of element Na. XRD results showed that Haliotidis Concha mainly contained CaCO₃ of aragonite and calcite， while calcined Haliotidis Concha only contained CaCO₃ of calcite， and standard decoction mainly contained CaCO₃ of calcite and Na₂CO₃ of natrite. FTIR results showed that there were internal vibrations of O-H， C-H， C=O， HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- groups in Haliotidis Concha， while O-H， HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- groups existed in the calcined products and standard decoction. ConclusionThe changes of Haliotidis Concha and calcined Haliotidis Concha are mainly the increase of CaCO₃ content， the transformation of CaCO₃ aragonite crystal form to calcite crystal form and the absence of organic components after calcination， and the changes of calcined products and standard decoction are mainly the decrease of CaCO₃ content and the increase of Na₂CO₃ relative content. The method established in the study is applicable to the quality control of the shellfish medicines-decoction pieces- standard decoction， which provides a new idea for the study of quality control of dispensing granules of shellfish medicines.

ObjectiveTo explore the quantity-quality transfer process of medicinal materials， decoction pieces and standard decoction of Haliotidis Concha（Haliotis discus hannai） by analyzing the physical phase and compositional changes， so as to provide references for the effective control of its quality. MethodsA total of 20 batches of Haliotidis Concha（H. discus hannai） from different habitats were collected and prepared into corresponding calcined products and standard decoction， and the content of CaCO₃ of the three samples were determined and the extract yield and transfer rate of CaCO₃ were calculated. The changes in elemental composition and their relative contents were investigated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry（XRF）， X-ray diffraction（XRD） was used to study the changes in the phase compositions of the three samples and to establish their respective XRD specific chromatogram. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry（FTIR） was used to study the changes in the chemical composition and content changes of the three samples and to establish their respective FTIR specific chromatogram， while combining hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA）， principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） to find the common and differential characteristics， in order to explore the quantity-quality transfer relationship in the preparation process of standard decoction of Haliotidis Concha（H. discus hannai）. ResultsThe CaCO₃ contents of the 20 batches of medicinal materials， decoction pieces and standard decoction of Haliotidis Concha（H. discus hannai） were 93.87%-98.95%， 96.02%-99.97% and 38.29%-51.96%， respectively， and the extract yield of standard decoction was 1.71%-2.37%， and the CaCO₃ transfer rate of decoction pieces-standard decoction was 0.68%-1.27%. XRF results showed that the elemental species and their relative contents contained in Haliotidis Concha and its calcined products had a high degree of similarity， and although there was no obvious difference in the elemental species contained in decoction pieces and standard decoction， the difference in the relative contents was obvious， which was mainly reflected in the decrease of the relative content of element Ca and the increase of the relative content of element Na. XRD results showed that Haliotidis Concha mainly contained CaCO₃ of aragonite and calcite， while calcined Haliotidis Concha only contained CaCO₃ of calcite， and standard decoction mainly contained CaCO₃ of calcite and Na₂CO₃ of natrite. FTIR results showed that there were internal vibrations of O-H， C-H， C=O， HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- groups in Haliotidis Concha， while O-H， HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- groups existed in the calcined products and standard decoction. ConclusionThe changes of Haliotidis Concha and calcined Haliotidis Concha are mainly the increase of CaCO₃ content， the transformation of CaCO₃ aragonite crystal form to calcite crystal form and the absence of organic components after calcination， and the changes of calcined products and standard decoction are mainly the decrease of CaCO₃ content and the increase of Na₂CO₃ relative content. The method established in the study is applicable to the quality control of the shellfish medicines-decoction pieces- standard decoction， which provides a new idea for the study of quality control of dispensing granules of shellfish medicines.

Purpose: Biomarkers predicting clinically significant prostate cancer (sPC) before biopsy are currently lacking. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive urine test to predict sPC in at-risk men using urinary metabolomic profiles. Materials and Methods: Urine samples from 934 at-risk subjects and 268 treatment-naïve PC patients were subjected to liquid chromatography/mass spectrophotometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics profiling using both C18 and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column analyses. Four models were constructed (training cohort [n=647]) and validated (validation cohort [n=344]) for different purposes. Model I differentiates PC from benign cases. Models II, III, and a Gleason score model (model GS) predict sPC that is defined as National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)-categorized favorable-intermediate risk group or higher (Model II), unfavorable-intermediate risk group or higher (Model III), and GS ≥7 PC (model GS), respectively. The metabolomic panels and predicting models were constructed using logistic regression and Akaike information criterion. Results: The best metabolomic panels from the HILIC column include 25, 27, 28 and 26 metabolites in Models I, II, III, and GS, respectively, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging between 0.82 and 0.91 in the training cohort and between 0.77 and 0.86 in the validation cohort. The combination of the metabolomic panels and five baseline clinical factors that include serum prostate-specific antigen, age, family history of PC, previously negative biopsy, and abnormal digital rectal examination results significantly increased AUCs (range 0.88–0.91). At 90% sensitivity (validation cohort), 33%, 34%, 41%, and 36% of unnecessary biopsies were avoided in Models I, II, III, and GS, respectively. The above results were successfully validated using LC-MS with the C18 column. Conclusions Urinary metabolomic profiles with baseline clinical factors may accurately predict sPC in men with elevated risk before biopsy.

Purpose: Biomarkers predicting clinically significant prostate cancer (sPC) before biopsy are currently lacking. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive urine test to predict sPC in at-risk men using urinary metabolomic profiles. Materials and Methods: Urine samples from 934 at-risk subjects and 268 treatment-naïve PC patients were subjected to liquid chromatography/mass spectrophotometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics profiling using both C18 and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column analyses. Four models were constructed (training cohort [n=647]) and validated (validation cohort [n=344]) for different purposes. Model I differentiates PC from benign cases. Models II, III, and a Gleason score model (model GS) predict sPC that is defined as National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)-categorized favorable-intermediate risk group or higher (Model II), unfavorable-intermediate risk group or higher (Model III), and GS ≥7 PC (model GS), respectively. The metabolomic panels and predicting models were constructed using logistic regression and Akaike information criterion. Results: The best metabolomic panels from the HILIC column include 25, 27, 28 and 26 metabolites in Models I, II, III, and GS, respectively, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging between 0.82 and 0.91 in the training cohort and between 0.77 and 0.86 in the validation cohort. The combination of the metabolomic panels and five baseline clinical factors that include serum prostate-specific antigen, age, family history of PC, previously negative biopsy, and abnormal digital rectal examination results significantly increased AUCs (range 0.88–0.91). At 90% sensitivity (validation cohort), 33%, 34%, 41%, and 36% of unnecessary biopsies were avoided in Models I, II, III, and GS, respectively. The above results were successfully validated using LC-MS with the C18 column. Conclusions Urinary metabolomic profiles with baseline clinical factors may accurately predict sPC in men with elevated risk before biopsy.

A 71-year-old male presented with esophageal cancer and severe aortic valve regurgitation. Treatment strategies for such patients are controversial. Considering the risks of cardiopulmonary bypass and potential esophageal cancer metastasis, we successfully performed transcatheter aortic valve implantation and minimally invasive three-incision thoracolaparoscopy combined with radical resection of esophageal cancer (McKeown) simultaneously in the elderly patient who did not require neoadjuvant treatment. This dual minimally invasive procedure took 6 hours and the patient recovered smoothly without any surgical complications.