The theory of constitution in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has emerged as a new discipline in recent years. Constitution plays a vital role in the onset，progression，transformation，and prognosis of diseases. At present，some clinical scholars have adopted a novel diagnostic and treatment model of "constitution differentiation-disease identification-syndrome differentiation"，in which constitution is regarded as a core element throughout the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Constitution is closely associated with etiology，onset，pathogenesis，syndrome differentiation，and treatment. Against this background，the construction of animal models based on constitution holds far-reaching significance for advancing clinical research. This paper focuses on the construction and evaluation of rodent models with Qi-deficiency constitution，aiming to explore how to further induce Qi-deficiency syndromes and related disease states on the basis of Qi-deficiency constitution models，thereby developing an integrated animal model that embodies the trinity of "constitution-disease-syndrome". The establishment of this model not only provides a solid experimental foundation for the development of new therapies and drugs in TCM targeting specific constitutions，diseases，and syndromes，but also greatly promotes the modernization and scientific advancement of TCM theory. By comprehensively applying multidisciplinary technologies and methods，the study evaluates the model's validity，reliability，and practicality，with the aim of opening new avenues for future research in TCM and promoting the development of the field.

The theory of constitution in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has emerged as a new discipline in recent years. Constitution plays a vital role in the onset，progression，transformation，and prognosis of diseases. At present，some clinical scholars have adopted a novel diagnostic and treatment model of "constitution differentiation-disease identification-syndrome differentiation"，in which constitution is regarded as a core element throughout the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Constitution is closely associated with etiology，onset，pathogenesis，syndrome differentiation，and treatment. Against this background，the construction of animal models based on constitution holds far-reaching significance for advancing clinical research. This paper focuses on the construction and evaluation of rodent models with Qi-deficiency constitution，aiming to explore how to further induce Qi-deficiency syndromes and related disease states on the basis of Qi-deficiency constitution models，thereby developing an integrated animal model that embodies the trinity of "constitution-disease-syndrome". The establishment of this model not only provides a solid experimental foundation for the development of new therapies and drugs in TCM targeting specific constitutions，diseases，and syndromes，but also greatly promotes the modernization and scientific advancement of TCM theory. By comprehensively applying multidisciplinary technologies and methods，the study evaluates the model's validity，reliability，and practicality，with the aim of opening new avenues for future research in TCM and promoting the development of the field.

Objective To comprehensively analyze the current epidemic characteristics and disease burden of brucellosis in Tongliao City, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control strategy of brucellosis in Tongliao City. Methods The report data of brucellosis in Tongliao City from 2018 to 2023 were collected. Descriptive methods were used for data analysis, and the disability-adjusted life years and indirect economic losses were calculated. Results From 2018 to 2023, a total of 22 034 cases were reported in Tongliao City, with an average annual incidence of 136.17/100 000. The incidence was statistically different between men and women ( χ²=12.23, P=0.032). The majority of cases were farmers (94.25%), followed by herdsmen (1.67%). The age group was concentrated between 30-60 years old (79.30%), among which the majority of cases were in the 40-50 years group (6 883/22 034). The onset time had seasonal characteristics, and the peak period was from March to August (the seasonal index was between 115.40%-151.29%). In terms of regional distribution, cases were reported in all counties (banners). The average annual incidence was highest in Kulun Banner (233.85/100 000) and Zalut Banner (210.13/100 000), and lowest in Keerqin District (42.28/100 000) and Holingol City (31.87/100 000). The analysis of disease burden showed that a total of 677.55 person-years (YLD) were lost from 2018 to 2023, with an average annual loss of 112.92 person-years. The total indirect economic loss was 59.3576 million yuan, with an average annual loss of 9.892 9 million yuan, and the people over 60 years old had the lowest annual loss. Conclusion The overall brucellosis epidemic in Tongliao City has shown a fluctuating downward trend. The epidemic prevention and control should be strengthened in farmers, people aged 40-50 years old, and areas such as Zalut Banner and Kulun Banner to further control the epidemic of brucellosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanisms by which Jianpi Yangzheng Xiaozheng prescription （JPYZXZ） treats poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma （PC-GC） through regulation of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 51 （USP51）. MethodsIn vitro experiments： Cell viability and proliferation of PC-GC cell lines （MKN-45 and HGC-27） treated with different concentrations of JPYZXZ （2， 4， 6 g·L^-1） were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 （CCK-8） and colony formation assays. Cell migration was evaluated by wound healing （scratch） and Transwell assays. The mRNA and protein expression levels of USP51， zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 （ZEB1）， and epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT）-related markers （e.g.， E-cadherin） were detected by quantitative real-time PCR （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. Subsequently， stable MKN-45 and HGC-27 cell lines with USP51 knockdown （sh-USP51） and overexpression （oe-USP51） were constructed. Their migration ability and EMT-related protein expression were further evaluated by scratch assay， Transwell assay， and Western blot. In vivo experiments： A subcutaneous xenograft model of MKN-45 human gastric cancer was established in BALB/c nude mice. Thirty mice were randomly divided into six groups （NC， NC + JPYZXZ， sh-USP51， sh-USP51 + JPYZXZ， oe-USP51， and oe-USP51 + JPYZXZ）， with five mice in each group. After successful modeling， mice in the treatment groups were administered JPYZXZ （30 g·kg^-1） by gavage for 28 days. Body weight and tumor volume were monitored during the experiment. The expression levels of USP51 and EMT-related proteins in tumor tissues were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry （IHC）. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the colony formation rate， wound healing rate， and number of migrated cells in MKN-45 and HGC-27 cells were significantly reduced in all JPYZXZ groups and the 5-fluorouracil （5-FU） group （P<0.05）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of USP51 were decreased （P<0.05）. The expression of ZEB1 and mesenchymal phenotype proteins （e.g.， N-cadherin and vimentin） was reduced （P<0.05）， whereas the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin was increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， USP51 expression was decreased in the sh-USP51 group and increased in the oe-USP51 group （P<0.05）. Compared with the NC group， USP51 knockdown significantly reduced the migration and proliferation of gastric cancer cells （P<0.01）， decreased the expression of ZEB1 and EMT-related proteins， and increased E-cadherin expression （P<0.05）. In vivo results showed that JPYZXZ significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice （P<0.05） and markedly reversed the abnormal expression of EMT-related proteins in tumor tissues （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe therapeutic mechanisms of JPYZXZ in PC-GC may be associated with inhibition of the EMT process via regulation of the USP51-ZEB1 signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the influence of sinus morphology on the safety of hydraulic sinus floor elevation surgery and provide a biomechanical basis for clinical treatment. Methods: After approval by the Medical Ethics Committee of the institution, cone beam computed tomography imaging data from nine patients were collected. The sinus morphologies were classified into slope, flat and concave types. Three-dimensional finite element models of maxillary sinuses with the aforementioned morphologies were constructed using Mimics, Geomagic, Solidworks, and ANSYS software, followed by a simulation of the hydraulic elevation process. The sinus membrane elevation height was set at 1-6 mm. The pressure required for elevation and the equivalent, compressive, tensile, and shear stresses generated on the sinus membrane were recorded and analyzed. The equivalent stress distribution on the sinus membrane was visualized using contour plots. Results: The elevation pressure and the equivalent, compressive, tensile, and shear stresses generated on the sinus membrane increased along with the elevation height. When the sinus membrane was lifted to 6 mm, the elevation pressure was (301.17 ± 98.1) kPa, (151.85 ± 3.7) kPa, and (149.36 ± 10.31) kPa in the slope, flat and concave finite element analysis models, respectively. The equivalent stress was (1 023.86 ± 201.99) kPa in the slope sinuses, comparing with (687.91 ± 69.08) kPa and (698.27 ± 96.09) kPa in the flat and concave sinuses. Higher elevation pressure and the equivalent stress, compressive stress and shear stress values were found in the slope sinus than in the flat and concave sinuses under the same elevation height (P < 0.05). Stress distribution analysis revealed that stress was uniformly distributed in the flat sinuses, followed by concave sinuses, but asymmetrically distributed in the slope sinuses Conclusions The slope sinuses demonstrated inferior safety and efficiency compared with the flat and concave sinuses when performing hydraulic sinus floor elevation surgery.

Objective:To investigate the application value of photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) in preoperative identification of critical anatomical structures and surgical assessment in pancreatic cancer, and to compare its performance with conventional energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) in delineating tumor margins, vascular structures, and neural anatomy.Methods:This single-center retrospective matched case-control study included 25 patients with pathologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent PCD-CT enhanced scanning and curative surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between February and June 2025 (PCD-CT group). These patients were matched in a 1∶2 ratio to 50 patients who underwent EID-CT between January 2016 and December 2024 and subsequently received curative surgery (EID-CT group). Tumor boundary clarity, vascular visualization scores, and neural structure visibility were subjectively evaluated using the Likert scoring system. The assessed vessels included the celiac artery, common hepatic artery, superior mesenteric artery, splenic artery, portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein, and pancreaticoduodenal arterial arcade. Imaging-based assessment of structural involvement was compared with intraoperative findings and pathological results to calculate diagnostic accuracy. Surgeons rated the usefulness of PCD-CT images for identifying key structures and determining resectability using a 5-point Likert scale. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for group comparisons of subjective scores, and categorical data were analyzed using the χ2 test or Fisher exact test. Results:The PCD-CT group showed significantly higher scores for tumor boundary clarity, vascular visualization, and neural structure detectability than those of the EID-CT group (all P<0.05). The accuracy of assessing superior mesenteric vein involvement was 96.0% (24/25) in the PCD-CT group and 72.0% (36/50) in the EID-CT group, with a significant difference ( χ2=6.00, P=0.014). Postoperative surgeon evaluations indicated that PCD-CT provided substantial assistance for both key structure identification [5 (5, 5)] and resectability assessment [5 (4, 5)]. Conclusion:PCD-CT demonstrates superior performance over EID-CT in preoperative delineation of tumor margins, vascular structures, and neural anatomy and in the assessment of structural involvement in pancreatic cancer. It provides valuable anatomical information to support preoperative evaluation and surgical decision-making.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-power,short-duration radiofrequency catheter ablation for the treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation.Methods This retrospective study included 392 patients diagnosed with persistent atrial fibrillation who underwent catheter radiofrequency ablation at Suzhou Kowloon Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,from January 2019 to December 2023.Of these,256 patients were treated with high-power,short-duration ablation,and 136 patients with low-power,long-duration ablation.The following parameters were compared:radiofrequency ablation time,total procedure time,single-circle pulmonary vein isolation rate,immediate procedural success rate,number of ablation points,and perioperative complications(including pericardial tamponade,pseudoaneurysm,arteriovenous fistula,stroke,etc.).Follow-up assessments were conducted at 3,6,and 12 months post-surgery to evaluate the 12-month sinus rhythm maintenance rate.Results The ablation time in the high-power group was significantly shorter than that in the low-power group[(14.6±2.3)min vs.(30.3±4.2)min,P＜0.001],as was the total procedure time[(113.8±24.8)min vs.(128.5±26.7)min,P=0.001].There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of pulmonary vein isolation rate(97.7％vs.94.9％,P=0.823),number of ablation points[(71.2±8.0)vs.(74.3±14.3),P=0.168],or perioperative complications(3.1％vs.4.4％,P=0.571).Regarding the maintenance rate of sinus rhythm at 12 months post-operation,the high-power group showed a higher rate than the low-power group,but no statistically significant difference was observed(82.8％vs.79.4％,P=0.399).Conclusions High-power,short-duration radiofrequency catheter ablation can improve procedural efficiency in the treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation.Its efficacy and safety are similar to those of the low-power,long-duration technique.

Objective To investigate the effects of ischemia time and storage periods on RNA quality in fresh-frozen breast cancer(BC)and esophageal cancer(EC)tissue samples in order to establish evidence-based protocols for biobank sample management.Methods The tumor(T)and paired normal(N)tissue samples from 6 cases of BC and 6 cases of EC were collected and cryopreserved in Biobank,Shantou Central Hospital.Mirror paraffin-embedded tissues were simultaneously prepared into sections for morphological analysis.The samples were divided into two groups of<15 min and 15-30 min according to ischemia time,and RNA quality was analyzed at 4 storage periods of 8-10 months(T1),14-16 months(T2),26-28 months(T3)and 38-40 months(T4).Results In 96 analyzed samples,93.8%(90/96)exhibited high quality(RIN≥6),with 89.6%(43/48)in BC and 97.9%(47/48)in EC.Significant differences in RIN were observed between BC group and EC group(8.050 vs.8.600,P=0.009).In EC group,RIN value was significantly negatively correlated with RNA yield(P<0.001).Moreover,RIN values of tumor-normal pairs exhibited markedly significant differences(7.550 vs.9.000,P<0.001).In contrast,no significant difference was detected in BC group(8.200 vs.7.700,P=0.348).Statistical analysis showed that RIN value was positively correlated with 28S/18S(P<0.001),but had no correlation with tumor content(P=0.676)and necrotic content(P=0.055).Neither ischemia time(<15 min vs.15-30 min:8.200 vs.8.300,P=0.932)nor storage periods(T1-T4:8.400,7.700,8.450,8.600,P=0.163)compromised RNA quality.Conclusion Organ origin and tissue type could influence RNA quality of fresh-frozen tissue samples.However,limited ischemia time(≤30 min)and long-term storage period(38-40 months)do not adversely affect RNA quality in fresh-frozen breast cancer and esophageal cancer tissue samples.

Objective To construct 5 machine-learning models and compare their performance in predicting the associations between pre-pregnancy socio-psycho-behavioral exposures of both spouses and preconception outcomes.Methods Based on Chongqing Preconception Reproductive Health and Birth Outcome Cohort of volunteers recruited from Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children during January 2019 and March 2022,5 447 couples were recruited and surveyed through interviewer-interview for the demographic and social-psychological-behavioral data of both spouses(221 variables).According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,4 097 couples were finally included,and randomly assigned into a training set(n=2 867 spouses)and a validation set(n=1 230 spouses)at a ratio of 7∶3.Feature analysis and collinear screening were applied to select the potential exposure factors.In consideration of difficulty to carry out semen parameters analysis in primary healthcare institutions,feature Set 1 including sperm parameters and feature Set 2 excluding semen parameters were constructed by including or excluding sperm quality simultaneously in the training set and the validation set.Five algorithms,that is,Logistic Regression,Naive Bayes,Random Forest,Gradient Boosting Machine,and Support Vector Machine,were used to construct preconception outcome prediction models,and the parameters of each model were optimized using random search combined with grid search.The predictive performance of each model was compared using precision,recall,F1 score,area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),and calibration curve.The optimal model was then selected by comparing the changes in the predictive ability of the questionnaire data for fertility outcomes with or without semen parameters.Results There were 24 variables screened out in feature Set 1,and 16 variables in feature Set 2.In feature Set 1,the gradient boosting machine performed better,with a relatively higher AUC value(0.651)and better F1 score(0.61).The logistic regression model performed stably(AUC value=0.647)and was suitable as the reference model.The random forest(AUC value=0.641),Naive Bayes(AUC value=0.641),and support vector machine(AUC value=0.634)performed second-best.By utilizing the gradient boosting machine,comparable results were found between the predictions from feature sets with or without semen parameters,as in feature Set 1,the AUC value of its validation set was 0.651(95%CI:0.629～0.681),the prediction accuracy was 0.63,the recall rate was 0.65,and the average precision value F1 was 0.61;and in feature Set 2,the AUC value of its validation set was 0.649(95%CI:0.624～0.663),and both the calibration curves were close to the ideal curve.The prediction results indicated that in feature Set 1,the features highly negatively correlated with preconception outcomes were female age,male age,and no pregnancy within 1 year without contraception,while the features highly positively correlated with preconception outcomes were female pregnancy history,total sperm vitality,and use of contraceptive measures before enrollment.Conclusion Among the 5 machine-learning algorithms performed in this cohort data,the gradient boosting machine shows slightly better performance.There are 24 factors being associated with preconception outcomes in both spouses,and the performance of the simplified model excluding semen parameters is not significantly declined.It is feasible to use machine-learning methods to predict human preconception outcomes through social-psychological-behavioral questionnaires.

Widespread utilization of glyphosate has led to environmental residues,posing potential threats to ecological systems and human health.Traditional methods for detection of glyphosate are limited by specialized equipment and operational techniques,resulting in inefficient responses.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a convenient,sensitive and accurate detection method for detection of glyphosate.Herein,a new naphthalenesulfonamide-based"Turn-on"fluorescent probe was synthesized using 2-chloroaniline and dansyl chloride as raw materials through a one-step process,which showed a good linear relationship between the glyphosate concentration in concentration range of 0.003-70 μmol/L and the fluorescence intensity(R2=0.995),with a detection limit of 2.73 nmol/L(S/N=3).Analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS)were used to investigate the interaction mechanism between the fluorescent probe and glyphosate.The results indicated that a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurred between the probe and the secondary amine(—NH—)of glyphosate,inducing a photoinduced electron transfer(PET)effect which enhanced the fluorescence intensity by 11.2 times.The probe showed good anti-interference ability towards coexisting metal ions,anions and pesticides in water.When applied to determination of glyphosate in the samples such as tap water,river water(Xiangxi River Reservoir),soil,soybeans,and corn,the spiking recoveries ranged from 94.7％to 109.9％,demonstrating the high accuracy and broad applicability of this detection method.A portable test strip based on this fluorescent probe was developed for rapid semi-quantitative analysis of glyphosate.The developed method was rapid,sensitive,and portable,providing theoretical and technical support for on-site measurement of environmental contaminants.