Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is primarily airborne and remains a global health problem, especially in resource-limited countries and regions. The emergence of drug resistance in M. tuberculosis has rendered the existing means ineffective in the treatment of TB. Therefore, research in new therapeutic directions has become imperative. In this review, we outline functional peptides in terms of the mechanisms of action, anti-TB attempts, advantages and disadvantages, and latest advances, aiming to analyze the research progress in anti-TB peptides. Furthermore, we investigate the potential applications of bioactive compounds found in traditional Chinese Medicine within the context of peptides.

Objective To analyze the related factors of recurrent readmission in patients with hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis(HTG-AP)in the short term,and to construct and verify the risk early warning model.Methods A total of 176 patients with HTG-AP admitted from January to November 2023 were selected as the research objects.According to whether they were readmitted and recurred in the short term,they were divided into recurrent readmission group(n=53)and non-recurrent readmission group(n=123).Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to construct the risk prediction model.A total of 53 HTG-AP patients admitted from December 2023 to April 2024 were selected for external validation of the model.Results The probability of recurrence and readmission in 176 patients with HTG-AP in the short term was 30.11％.According to univariate and Logistic multivariate analysis,the results showed acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ score ≥ 8 points,Ranson score ≥ 3 points,neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,serum amylase and lactic dehydrogenase were independent risk factors for recurrence and readmission in HTG-AP patients in the short term,while Ca2+was the protective factor(P＜0.05).According to the H-L goodness of fit test results of 176 patients with HTG-AP,x2=5.212,P=0.735;Area under the curve(AUC)was 0.877(P＜0.001,95％CI:0.824-0.931),the sensitivity was 86.80％,the specificity was 73.20％,and the maximum Youden index was 0.600.According to the H-L goodness of fit test results of 53 patients with HTG-AP,x2=3.391,P=0.907;AUC was 0.881(P＜0.001,95％CI:0.791-0.971),the sensitivity was 78.10％,the specificity was 81.00％,and the maximum Youden index was 0.591.The results showed that the model had good goodness of fit and good predictive efficacy in predicting the short-term recurrence of HTG-AP patients.Conclusion The short-term recurrence and readmission of HTG-AP patients are affected by multiple factors,and the risk prediction model has good consistency and discrimination.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the branches and leaves of Michelia yunnanensis Franch.ex Finet & Gagnep.and their anti-inflammatory activities.METHODS The methanol extract was isolated and purified by silica gel,MCI,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Their anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by RAW264.7 model.RESULTS Twenty compounds were isolated and identified as dihydrodehydrodiconifenyl alcohol(1),8-hydroxypinoresinol(2),lariciresinol(3),isolariciresinol(4),(7S,8R)-4-hydroxy-3,3',5'-trimethoxy-8',9'-dinor-8,4'-oxyneoligna-7,9-diol-7'-aldehyde(5),thero-2,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheyl)-3-methoxy-propanol(6),evofolin B(7),(E)-p-coumaryl alcohol γ-O-methyl ether(8),ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone(9),sinapaldehyde(10),isoscopoletin(11),6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxycoumarin(12),2α,3α-dihydroxy-2-methylbutyrolactone(13),6-hydroxy-3(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-6-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one(14),benzofuran-2-carboxaldehyde(15),3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde(16),3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(17),3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde(18),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic methyl ester(19),vanillic acid(20).The inhibition rate of compound 1 on NO was 45.39％±0.32％.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-16,18-20 are first isolated from this plant.Compound 1 has anti-inflammatory activity.

Objective To summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide(NTCP)deficiency.Methods Clinical data of children with NTCP deficiency diagnosed and treated at the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from July 2022 to March 2025 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 14 children were included(6 males,8 females),all with normal growth and development.Reasons for initial consultation included elevated serum bile acids in 7 cases,jaundice in 4 cases,cholestatic hepatitis in 1 case,and one case each of pneumonia and cow's milk protein allergy.At the first visit,all patients had elevated serum total bile acids beyond the normal range,with a mean of 152.5 μmol/L.Elevated alanine aminotransferase was observed in 1 case,elevated aspartate aminotransferase in 2 cases,and elevated total bilirubin in 10 cases.Genetic sequencing revealed that all children carried the homozygous SLC10A1 variant c.800C>T(p.Ser267Phe),classified as likely pathogenic.Conclusions NTCP deficiency often lacks obvious clinical symptoms and signs.Some children present with transient hyperbilirubinemia,cholestasis,or other liver function abnormalities.Persistent isolated elevation of serum bile acids warrants suspicion for this disease.Biallelic pathogenic variants in SLC10A1 constitute the basis for definitive diagnosis.There is no specific treatment for this disease,and management is mainly symptomatic.

Objective To analyze the related factors of recurrent readmission in patients with hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis(HTG-AP)in the short term,and to construct and verify the risk early warning model.Methods A total of 176 patients with HTG-AP admitted from January to November 2023 were selected as the research objects.According to whether they were readmitted and recurred in the short term,they were divided into recurrent readmission group(n=53)and non-recurrent readmission group(n=123).Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to construct the risk prediction model.A total of 53 HTG-AP patients admitted from December 2023 to April 2024 were selected for external validation of the model.Results The probability of recurrence and readmission in 176 patients with HTG-AP in the short term was 30.11％.According to univariate and Logistic multivariate analysis,the results showed acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ score ≥ 8 points,Ranson score ≥ 3 points,neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,serum amylase and lactic dehydrogenase were independent risk factors for recurrence and readmission in HTG-AP patients in the short term,while Ca2+was the protective factor(P＜0.05).According to the H-L goodness of fit test results of 176 patients with HTG-AP,x2=5.212,P=0.735;Area under the curve(AUC)was 0.877(P＜0.001,95％CI:0.824-0.931),the sensitivity was 86.80％,the specificity was 73.20％,and the maximum Youden index was 0.600.According to the H-L goodness of fit test results of 53 patients with HTG-AP,x2=3.391,P=0.907;AUC was 0.881(P＜0.001,95％CI:0.791-0.971),the sensitivity was 78.10％,the specificity was 81.00％,and the maximum Youden index was 0.591.The results showed that the model had good goodness of fit and good predictive efficacy in predicting the short-term recurrence of HTG-AP patients.Conclusion The short-term recurrence and readmission of HTG-AP patients are affected by multiple factors,and the risk prediction model has good consistency and discrimination.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the branches and leaves of Michelia yunnanensis Franch.ex Finet & Gagnep.and their anti-inflammatory activities.METHODS The methanol extract was isolated and purified by silica gel,MCI,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Their anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by RAW264.7 model.RESULTS Twenty compounds were isolated and identified as dihydrodehydrodiconifenyl alcohol(1),8-hydroxypinoresinol(2),lariciresinol(3),isolariciresinol(4),(7S,8R)-4-hydroxy-3,3',5'-trimethoxy-8',9'-dinor-8,4'-oxyneoligna-7,9-diol-7'-aldehyde(5),thero-2,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheyl)-3-methoxy-propanol(6),evofolin B(7),(E)-p-coumaryl alcohol γ-O-methyl ether(8),ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone(9),sinapaldehyde(10),isoscopoletin(11),6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxycoumarin(12),2α,3α-dihydroxy-2-methylbutyrolactone(13),6-hydroxy-3(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-6-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one(14),benzofuran-2-carboxaldehyde(15),3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde(16),3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(17),3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde(18),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic methyl ester(19),vanillic acid(20).The inhibition rate of compound 1 on NO was 45.39％±0.32％.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-16,18-20 are first isolated from this plant.Compound 1 has anti-inflammatory activity.

The inflammatory status in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)is closely associated with cardiovascular events,infections,and other complications,and is a powerful indicator for prognosis assessment.The core view of the"gut-kidney axis"theory reveals the relationship among inflammatory state,microbiota dysbiosis,and deterioration of renal function.The microbiota alters the microenvironment through structural changes and metabolites with different properties,subsequently leading to microbiota translocation,inducing inflammatory lesions,and damaging the kidneys.Recent studies have proposed that targeted microbiota intervention strategies such as probiotics,prebiotics,and synbiotics can modulate the microbiota structure,regulate the microenvironment,relieve renal inflammation,and affect the progression of renal disease,representing a potentially promising research direction in the future.This review discusses the characteristics of how intestinal microbiota influence the inflammatory status in CKD,focusing on the research progress of targeted microbiota intervention,aiming to discuss the effectiveness and scientific basis of these strategies,providing a foundation for the treatment of CKD and the expansion of targeted microbiota research,as well as offering references for the clinical application of probiotics,prebiotics,and synbiotics.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its effect on gut microbiota. METHODS: A total of 62 MCI patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (31 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (31 cases). Both groups received exercise and cognitive training. In addition, the experimental group underwent acupuncture treatment at acupoints including Baihui (GV20), Sishencong (EX-HN1), and bilateral Fengchi (GB20), Xuanzhong (GB39), Zusanli (ST36), Yanglao (SI6), Xinshu (BL15), and etc., once every other day, three times per week, for a total of 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores were evaluated in the two groups, changes in gut microbiota were detected using 16S rDNA sequencing technology. The clinical efficacy was assessed after treatment. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, MoCA and MMSE scores were increased in both groups after treatment (P<0.001), with higher scores in the experimental group than those in the control group (P<0.001, P<0.05). After treatment, the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Clostridia, and Ruminococcaceae was increased in the experimental group compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). Moreover, the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 82.8% (24/29) in the experimental group, which was higher than 61.3% (19/31) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture could improve cognitive dysfunction in patients with MCI, and its mechanism may be related to increasing the relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium, Clostridia, and Ruminococcaceae, maintaining the intestinal barrier, and inhibiting related inflammatory responses.
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology* ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Acupuncture Points ; Treatment Outcome ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cognition