AIM: To identify the primary active components and underlying mechanisms of Yijing Decoction(YJD)in treating early diabetic retinopathy(DR)based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and network pharmacology.METHODS: Active components of YJD were characterized through LC-MS. Components with optimal ADME(absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)properties were selected as key bioactive candidates. Network pharmacology approaches were employed to predict YJD-DR therapeutic targets. Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks, gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis were subsequently conducted to predict core targets and networks. Critical targets and pathways were experimentally validated through Western blot.RESULTS: Ten core therapeutic targets were identified, including TNF, Alb, EGFR, STAT3, PTGS2, ESR1, PPAR, MMP9, TLR4, and MAPK. YJD was related to cancer-related signaling, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases, encompassing key biological processes such as inflammatory response regulation, programmed cell death activation, and enhanced cell migration. Furthermore, Western blot analysis confirmed that YJD significantly inhibited high glucose-induced phosphorylation of STAT3(P-STAT3/STAT3)and ERK(P-ERK/ERK)in rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells.CONCLUSION: This study revealed YJD's pharmacodynamical basis and its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-paths pharmacology. YJD exerts therapeutic effects on DR by coordinately regulating critical signaling pathways and alleviating intraocular inflammation, thus preserving retinal vascular endothelial cells, maintaining blood-retinal barrier integrity, and facilitating retinal neurovascular repair.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of acupuncture at"Yanglingquan"(GB34)and"Zusanli"(ST36)on knee osteoarthritis(KOA)rats,focusing on the regulation of PTEN-induced kinase 1/Parkin(PINK1/Parkin)-mediated mitophagy in chondrocytes.Methods Ten out of 40 male SD rats were randomly selected as the normal group,and the remaining 30 rats were used to construct a KOA model.A total of 27 rats were successfully modeled.The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group,an acupuncture group(acupuncture at Yanglingquan and Zusanli),and an acupuncture+autophagy inhibitor(3-MA)group(acupuncture at Yanglingquan and Zusanli combined with intraperitoneal injection of 3-MA),with 9 rats in each group.After intervention,the morphology of cartilage tissue in each group was observed,and the Mankin's score of cartilage was assessed.The apoptosis rate of chondrocytes was calculated.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect inflammatory factors[cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)],oxidative damage indicators[nitric oxide(NO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)],and the levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3(MMP-3)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1(TIMP-1).The DHE probe was used to measure reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1),Parkin,and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ(LC3-Ⅱ)in cartilage tissue.Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,and LC3-Ⅱ in cartilage tissue.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group showed increased Mankin's score,apoptosis rate,COX-2 level,IL-1β and TNF-α levels,NO and MDA levels,MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels,and ROS content,as well as decreased SOD and GSH-Px levels,and reduced mRNA and protein expressions of PINK1,Parkin and LC3-Ⅱ,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the acupuncture group showed decreased Mankin's score,apoptosis rate,COX-2 level,IL-1β and TNF-α levels,NO and MDA levels,MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels,and ROS content,as well as increased SOD and GSH-Px levels,and elevated mRNA and protein expressions of PINK1,Parkin and LC3-Ⅱ,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Compared with the acupuncture group,the acupuncture+3-MA group showed increased Mankin's score,apoptosis rate,COX-2 level,IL-1β and TNF-α levels,NO and MDA levels,MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels,and ROS content,as well as decreased SOD and GSH-Px levels,and mRNA and protein expressions of PINK1,Parkin and LC3-Ⅱ,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture at"Yanglingquan"and"Zusanli"can inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis by activating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy,thus improving the condition of KOA rats.

Objective:To explore the relationship between clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of patients with malignant mesothelioma, and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant mesothelioma.Methods:In November 2022, the clinical data of 37 patients with malignant mesothelioma diagnosed in Qingdao Central Hospital from July 2014 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and the prognostic factors were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests.Results:The median age of the 37 patients was 66 years old, all patients were confirmed by pathology. The median survival time of all patients was 30.00 months. The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 5-year cumulative survival rates were 70.27% (26/37), 48.65% (18/37), 16.22% (6/37) and 13.51% (5/37), respectively. Compared with different treatments, the median survival time of palliative care patients was 5.00 months, which was significantly lower than that of operation group (30.33 months), chemotherapy group (30.00 months), surgery combined with chemotherapy group (30.00 months) and chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab targeted therapy group (47.42 months) ( P<0.05). Gender, age (≥60 years old or <60 years old), smoking history, occupational exposure history, disease site, and surgical history were not factors affecting the survival of malignant mesothelioma patients ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:The clinical symptoms of malignant mesothelioma are not specific, but early initiation of treatment can still prolong survival, and chemotherapy combined with anti-vascular targeted therapy shows better therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the differences in efficacy and safety of drug selection based on pharmacogenomics and evidence-based medicine for treatment-resistant schizophrenia(TRS).Methods A total of 100 patients with TRS in our hospital from January 2023 to October 2023 were divided into observation group(gene-oriented antipsychotic drug selection group,22 males and 28 females)and control group(evidence-based medicine oriented antipsychotic drug selection group,23 males and 27 females).Oral mucosal epithelial cells of the observation group were noninvasive collected with a sampling brush and antipsychotic drug gene detection was performed.Antipsychotic drugs with normal metabolism,good response and little toxic side effects were selected according to the test results,and the drugs of the control group were selected by the designated physician on the basis of the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Schizophrenia,2015 revision.Antipsychotic efficacy was evaluated before treatment and 4 weeks,8 weeks after treatment with positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS).Treatment emergent symptom scale(TESS)was used to assess adverse reactions at the 4th and 8th weekend after treatment.Results After 8 weeks of treatment,the incidence of adverse reactions in central nervous system,autonomic nervous system,endocrine system,circulatory system and digestive system in the control group was higher than that in the observation group.The difference was remarkable.The scores of positive symptoms,negative symptoms and general psychopathological symptoms between the observation group and the control group at baseline were basically the same(P>0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the scores of positive symptoms,negative symptoms and general psychopathological symptoms in the observation group were lower than those in the control group.The difference was remarkable.After 8 weeks of treatment,the scores of positive symptoms,negative symptoms and general psychopathological symptoms in the observation group were lower than those in the control group.The difference was remarkable.At the end of the 8th week after treatment,the effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,the difference was remarkable(44%vs.24%,P=0.035).Two-factor repeated measurement analysis of variance was used,indicating that PANSS scores of the two groups changed with time at baseline,4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment,and the difference was remarkable(F-time=697.139,P<0.05);The difference of PANSS among groups was remarkable(F-groups=5.398,P<0.05);PANSS score was different with different treatment methods,and the difference was remarkable(F-interaction=3.008,P<0.05).Conclusion Gene-directed antipsychotic selection maybe is superior to evidence-based antipsychotic selection in improving effective rate and reducing adverse drug reactions.

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of kinesiophobia in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain(DPNP).Methods From February to June 2023,192 patients with DPNP in a tertiary general hospital in Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province were selected by convenience sampling method.The patients were investigated by the demographic information questionnaire,Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia,Numerical Rating Scale,Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire,Diabetes Distress Scale,and Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities.Multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of kinesiophobia in patients with DPNP.Results The score of kinesiophobia in patients with DPNP was(36.68±3.88),and the incidence of kinesiophobia was 38.5％.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status,pain level,coping style,diabetic distress and self-management behavior were influential factors for kinesiophobia in patients with DPNP(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with DPNP have a moderate level of kinesiophobia.Nursing staff should pay attention to the early assessment of patients'kinesiophobia,promptly identify and take effective measures to reduce the level of patients'kinesiophobia,increase their motivation to exercise,and improve their prognosis and quality of life.

Objective With the assistance of 3D visualization and real-time navigation technologies,the tumors in the parapharyngeal and lateral skull base should be removed through oral the approach with endoscopy.Methods The preoperative CT data of eight patients with parapharyngeal or lateral skull base soft tissue tumors were modeled,and the anatomical position relationship between the tumor and surrounding blood vessels and other important structures was re-constructed using 3D visualization technology,and preop-erative design was performed.The intraoperative oral ap-proach and real-time navigation guidance were adopted in the endoscopic resection of soft tissue tumors in the parapharyngeal and lateral skull base,and the clinical ap-plication value of this method was evaluated.Results The blood loss during the operation was controlled within 150 mL,and the average blood loss was approximately 125 mL.The incidence of postoperative complications was low,and patients could recover well through functional training.The oral approach did not leave any wounds nor scars on the patient's facial skin after the operation and had no effect on the patient's appearance.Conclusion The combination of 3D visualization technology,intraoperative real-time navigation,and endoscopy provides a beautiful,safe,and minimally invasive surgical method for patients with parapharyngeal or lateral skull base tumors.

Objective:To explore the relationship between clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of patients with malignant mesothelioma, and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant mesothelioma.Methods:In November 2022, the clinical data of 37 patients with malignant mesothelioma diagnosed in Qingdao Central Hospital from July 2014 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and the prognostic factors were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests.Results:The median age of the 37 patients was 66 years old, all patients were confirmed by pathology. The median survival time of all patients was 30.00 months. The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 5-year cumulative survival rates were 70.27% (26/37), 48.65% (18/37), 16.22% (6/37) and 13.51% (5/37), respectively. Compared with different treatments, the median survival time of palliative care patients was 5.00 months, which was significantly lower than that of operation group (30.33 months), chemotherapy group (30.00 months), surgery combined with chemotherapy group (30.00 months) and chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab targeted therapy group (47.42 months) ( P<0.05). Gender, age (≥60 years old or <60 years old), smoking history, occupational exposure history, disease site, and surgical history were not factors affecting the survival of malignant mesothelioma patients ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:The clinical symptoms of malignant mesothelioma are not specific, but early initiation of treatment can still prolong survival, and chemotherapy combined with anti-vascular targeted therapy shows better therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the efficacy of the geriatric interdisciplinary team(GIT)service for elderly patients with multimorbidity and malnutrition.Methods We selected 109 elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)or chronic heart failure(CHF)and multi morbidity to the Department of Geriatrics of The 2nd People's Hospital of Kunming City from January 2022 to January 2023.The patients were randomly divided into the control group of 53 cases and the observation group of 56 cases.The control group received routine management of multimorbidity and malnutrition,while the observation group used the GIT service model to manage multimorbidity and malnutrition.The disease,nutritional status,and quality of life outcomes of the two groups of elderly patients were evaluated before and 3 months after the intervention.(1)HbA1c was detected in patients with DM in both groups,and the aggravation of patients with COPD or CHF was observed and recorded.(2)Nutrition-related indicators(Tp,ALB and Hb)and Barthel index were evaluated in both groups.Results(1)The HbA1c of patients with DM in the two groups decreased after intervention(P＜0.001),and the decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group(P＜0.001).(2)The number of AECOPEs in patients with COPD in the two groups decreased,and the observation group was less than the control group(P＜0.05).(3)The number of CHF acute exacerbations in patients with CHF in the two groups decreased and the observation group was fewer than the control group(P＜0.05).(4)The TP,ALB,Hb and Barthel index scores of the two groups increased compared with those before intervention,and the observation group increased more significantly than the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The geriatric interdisciplinary team service for the elderly has a good effect in the intervention of elderly patients with multimorbidity and malnutrition.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in maintaining tissue morphology and functions, and their precise regulatory effectiveness is closely related to expression patterns. However, the spatial expression patterns of lncRNAs in humans are poorly characterized. Here, we constructed five comprehensive transcriptomic atlases of human lncRNAs covering thousands of major tissue samples in normal and disease states. The lncRNA transcriptomes exhibited high consistency within the same tissues across resources, and even higher complexity in specialized tissues. Tissue-elevated (TE) lncRNAs were identified in each resource and robust TE lncRNAs were refined by integrative analysis. We detected 1 to 4684 robust TE lncRNAs across tissues; the highest number was in testis tissue, followed by brain tissue. Functional analyses of TE lncRNAs indicated important roles in corresponding tissue-related pathways. Moreover, we found that the expression features of robust TE lncRNAs made them be effective biomarkers to distinguish tissues; TE lncRNAs also tended to be associated with cancer, and exhibited differential expression or were correlated with patient survival. In summary, spatial classification of lncRNAs is the starting point for elucidating the function of lncRNAs in both maintenance of tissue morphology and progress of tissue-constricted diseases.
Humans ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Organ Specificity ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Transcriptome

Objective:To study the current status of research in the field of iodine nutrition for pregnant women and to detect the hot spots and future trends in the field of iodine nutrition for pregnant women.Methods:Using "pregnant women" and "iodine" as search terms, we searched the literature related to iodine nutrition in pregnant women from January 2000 to December 2021 in China Knowledge Network (CNKI) database, Wanfang database and Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database. CiteSpace 6.2.2.0 software was used to sort out the publication status, core authors and research hotspots of the papers.Results:A total of 879 valid papers were included, with an overall number of publications increasing trend from 2000 - 2021 and a decline after 2017. Among the 879 papers, 29 first authors were core authors (M≈3), and 109 papers were published, accounting for 12.40% of the total literature; several research groups with relatively stable collaborative relationships had been formed, with the larger collaborative team of Chen Zupei and Zhang Wanqi at Tianjin Medical University. Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that pregnant women, urinary iodine, and iodine nutrition were high-frequency keywords; keywords with mediated centrality > 0.07 were pregnant women (0.48), pregnancy (0.40), urinary iodine (0.37), iodine deficiency disorders (0.25), iodine nutrition (0.20), thyroid (0.12), thyroxine (0.10), infants and children (0.09). The analysis of the emergent words showed that the evolution of iodine nutrition research themes in pregnant women was broadly based on studies of iodine nutrition monitoring results in key populations such as newborns and infants from 2000 - 2011, studies such as the range of thyroxine reference values during pregnancy from 2012 - 2016, and changes in iodine nutrition status of pregnant women and children after adjustment of iodized salt concentration from 2017 - 2021. The clustering results showed that a total of 355 keywords were aggregated to yield 10 clusters, and the average profile value of clusters (Silhouette) > 0.8, which was a reasonable clustering result; the study topics can be divided into three major categories, iodine nutrition and goiter monitoring results in key populations, thyroid hormones and pregnancy outcomes during pregnancy, and studies on thyroid-related diseases.Conclusions:Iodine plays an important role in the health of pregnant women and their offspring, and changes in the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women should be closely monitored. In response to the new trends of change that are currently present, multidisciplinary cooperation should be developed to respond to social concerns and jointly promote the maintenance of iodine nutrition in pregnant women at appropriate levels.