ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Shenge Bushen Capsules （SBC） on sexual development in normal 3-week-old mice. MethodsThe experiment consisted of two parts. In the first part， mice were divided into four groups： The control group and the low， medium， and high-dose SBC groups （234.7， 469.4， 938.7 mg·kg^-1， respectively）. In the second part， mice were divided into four groups： Control group， Pseudostellariae Radix polysaccharide （PRP） group， total flavonoids group， and SBC group， all receiving a dose of 469.4 mg·kg^-1. After 7 days of administration， the vaginal opening of female mice and the descent of testes and scrotum in male mice， as well as the ovarian and testicular organ indices， were observed. After 4 weeks of administration， female and male mice were housed together for 2 days， and the pregnancy rate of females was monitored. After delivery， the pregnant female mice continued receiving the treatment for 4 weeks， and the sexual development of their offspring， including vaginal opening， testicular descent， and organ indices of ovaries and testes， was observed. Serum sex hormones were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） and growth hormone （GH） proteins in the hypothalamus was assessed by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the control group， there was no significant effect on the vaginal opening of female mice or the descent of testes in male mice after 7 days of SBC administration. After 4 weeks of administration， the pregnancy rate in the low-dose group was significantly reduced （P<0.05）， but no significant effects were observed in the other groups. The three doses of SBC did not significantly affect the ovarian or testicular organ indices， and there was no significant upregulation in the expression of GnRH or GH in the hypothalamus. The primary component of SBC， Pseudostellariae Radix polysaccharide， significantly reduced the vaginal opening in female mice after 7 days of administration （P<0.05）. After 4 weeks， the serum estradiol levels of non-pregnant female mice were decreased （P<0.05）， but there was no significant effect on the expression of GnRH or GH proteins in the hypothalamus of either male or female mice. Additionally， there were no significant effects on precocious puberty indicators， such as vaginal opening and testicular descent， in the offspring mice. ConclusionSBC does not significantly promote precocious puberty in young mice， and it does not have any noticeable effects on the pregnancy rate of adult mice or the sexual development of their offspring.

Abstract Prevention and control of myopia requires comprehensive measures. Based on the system established earlier, the system is revised and upgraded. The original system emphasizes comprehensive measures and proposes to focus on both the symptoms and root causes. These measures are summarized into six aspects, three address the root cause measures including health education, glasses optics and visual environment, and three address symptoms measures including eye exercises, physical therapy and drugs. The paper is comprehensively supplemented and analyzes the primary and the secondary, and promotes physical therapy from treating the symptoms to treat both the symptoms and the root causes. These improvement measures will help promote the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To explore the phenotypic changes and possible mechanisms of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 on the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, invasion and cycle of ovarian epithelial cells IOSE80. METHODS The clinical data of patients were collected from TCGA database and GEO database. After R package analysis, the differential expression of OIP5-AS1 was visualized in the volcanic map. The correlation between survival rate and OIP5-AS1 was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier. The IOSE80 cell model of OIP5-AS1 over expression and silencing was constructed with lentivirus vector. The expression of OIP5-AS1 was verified by RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8. Invasion was detected by Transwell. Cell migration was detected by scratch test. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin, as well as the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK) and cyclin-G-related kinase(GAK). RESULTS RT-qPCR results showed that IOSE80 cell lines over expressing and silencing OIP5-AS1 were successfully constructed. CCK-8 results showed that overexpressing OIP5-AS1 promoted the proliferation of IOSE80 cells. Scratch test results showed that overexpressing OIP5-AS1 promoted the migration of IOSE80 cells. Transwell results showed that overexpressing OIP5-AS1 would increase the invasiveness of IOSE80 cells. Flow cytometry results showed that overexpression of OIP5-AS1 weakened the apoptosis of IOSE80 cells and promoted the progress of cell cycle. Western blotting results showed that overexpression of OIP5-AS1 downregulated the expression of E-cadherin and upregulated the expression of N-cadherin, while overexpression of OIP5-AS1 increased the expression of CDK and GAK proteins. CONCLUSION LncRNA OIP5-AS1 further interferes with the regulation of IOSE80 cell cycle by up regulating the expression of CDK and GAK, and then indirectly regulates the malignant phenotype of ovarian epithelial cells.

Objective To analyze the effect of endoscopic tumor resection by submucosal tunnel(STER)on recurrence in patients with submucosal tumors(SMT)around cardia.Methods A total of 92 patients with SMT around cardia were selected and divided into the treatment group(n=46)and the control group(n=46)using random number table method.The treatment group and the control group were treated with STER and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),respectively,and both groups were followed up for 12 months after surgery.Periop-erative indexes,therapeutic effects,quality of life,sleep,inflammatory indexes,immune indexes before and 1 week after surgery,complications 1 week after surgery,recurrence 12 months after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the surgery time of the treatment group was longer,the hospital stay was shorter and treatment cost were lower,and the stripping speed was faster(P＜0.05).Compared with before surgery,scores of Pittsburgh sleep Quality index(PSQI),serum levels of interleukin-8(IL-8),inter-leukin-6(IL-6),high-sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and whole blood levels of CD8+decreased in the two groups 1 week after surgery,and the levels were lower in the treatment group(P＜0.05).Compared with the preoperative results,the levels of whole blood CD4+and CD4+/CD8+,scores of Quality of Life Core 46 Questionnaire(QLQ-C46),Karnofsky Score(KPS)were higher in the two groups 1 week after surgery,those in the treatment group was higher(P＜0.05).1 week after surgery,the complication rate of the two groups was lower in the treat-ment group(P＜0.05),and 12 months after surgery,the recurrence rate of the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion STER treatment for SMT around cardia was highly effective,resulting in superior perioperative outcomes,enhanced life and sleep quality,reduced systemic inflammation,and bolstered immune function.Moreover,it significantly lowered the risk of complications without raising the rates of recurrence.

The condition of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) complicated by corona virus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is complex. sTBI can significantly increase the probability of COVID-19 developing into severe or critical stage, while COVID-19 can also increase the surgical risk of sTBI and the severity of postoperative lung lesions. There are many contradictions in the treatment process, which brings difficulties to the clinical treatment of such patients. Up to now, there are few clinical studies and therapeutic norms relevant to sTBI complicated by COVID-19. In order to standardize the clinical treatment of such patients, Critical Care Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Healthcare and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate the Chinese expert consensus on clinical treatment of adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury complicated by corona virus infection 2019 ( version 2023) based on the joint prevention and control mechanism scheme of the State Council and domestic and foreign literatures on sTBI and COVID-19 in the past 3 years of the international epidemic. Fifteen recommendations focused on emergency treatment, emergency surgery and comprehensive management were put forward to provide a guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of sTBI complicated by COVID-19.

Objective:To explore the value of fetal lung volume and mediastinal shift angle (MSA) based on fetal MRI in predicting the prognosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).Methods:Fetuses with left CDH that did fetal MRI in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from September 2016 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected. There were 65 patients, and their gestational age was 29 (26, 35) weeks when they were diagnosed with left CDH by MRI. Observed fetal lung volume and MSA were measured based on fetal MRI, and observed/expected lung volume (o/eFLV) based on gestational age was calculated. The clinical data were collected from birth to discharge, and patients were divided into survival group and death group in case of prognosis at discharge, with 54 cases in the survival group and 11 cases in the death group. The student′s t test was used to compare the difference of o/eFLV and MSA between the survival group and the death group, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of o/eFLV and MSA in predicting the prognosis of left CDH. Results:The o/eFLV of the survival group was 51.5%±18.3%, higher than that of the death group (27.8%±4.4%), and the difference was significant ( t=8.29, P<0.001). The MSA of the survival group was 33.1°±1.2°, lower than that of the death group (41.8°±2.7°), and the difference was significant ( t=-11.15, P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of o/eFLV to predict the fetal survival or death was 0.939 (95%CI 0.851-0.983), the cutoff value was 33.8%, the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity was 88.9%. The AUC of MSA was 0.998 (95%CI 0.941-1.000), the cutoff value was 37.2°, the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity was 98.2%. Conclusions:The o/eFLV and MSA that were measured based on fetal MRI can effectively predict the fetus′s prognosis with left CDH.

Objective:To investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on mindfulness attention awareness, experiential avoidance, and cognitive fusion in individuals with general anxiety disorder(GAD).Methods:A total of 53 patients aged 18-60 years who met the GAD diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 were selected from the Seventh People's Hospital of Hangzhou from May 2021 to September 2022.After receiving routine treatment, patients were randomly assigned to two groups: MBCT group( n=26) for an 8-week mindfulness cognitive therapy and health education group( n=27) for an 8-week health education program. Participants were evaluated using the generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7), acceptance and action questionnaire-2nd edition(AAQ-Ⅱ), cognitive fusion questionnaire(CFQ), and mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) before and after the intervention.Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software, with the chi-square test, independent sample t-test, and paired sample t-test. Results:(1)There was no significant difference in MAAS score between the two groups before the intervention (42.63±10.18, 47.67±9.52, t=-1.55, P=0.13). However, after the intervention, the MAAS score in MBCT group was significantly higher than that in the health education group(54.42±9.87, 47.83±7.59, t=-2.27, P=0.03). (2) No significant difference was observed in CFQ score between the two groups before the intervention (57.11±15.97, 53.50±12.01, t=-0.77, P=0.45). However, after the intervention, the CFQ score in the MBCT group was significantly lower than that in the health education group(38.32±10.31, 47.11±10.66, t=-2.51, P<0.01). (3) There was no significant difference in AAQ-Ⅱ scores between the two groups before the intervention(33.79±7.90, 30.00±7.23, t=1.52, P=0.14). After the intervention, the AAQ-Ⅱ score in the MBCT group was significantly lower than that in the health education group(21.89±8.69, 30.22±8.68, t=-3.51, P<0.01) . Conclusion:MBCT has a positive effect on enhancing mindfulness attention awareness, reducing cognitive fusion, and mitigating experiential avoidance in GAD patients.

Objective To study the proteomic profiling of lung and colon during lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods Mice were divided into four groups:the control,LPS,LPS+ Platycodonis Radix(PR)and LPS+ Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(RRR).LPS was injected into the lungs through trachea,and the drugs were given by intragastric injection.The mice were weighed,the faeces of each mouse were determined,and the lungs and colon were isolated for analysis of pathophysiological changes and proteomics.Results ①After 7 days of LPS,the weight of mice decreased,the lung showed inflammatory changes,and the faeces increased.Both PR and RRR can improve the inflammation.②There are lot of proteins was increased in lung mainly involved in gene transcription and in colon mainly involved in mitochondrial,endoplasmic reticulum and metabolism,etc.The up-regulated proteins shared by both lung and colon were involved in myoprotein contraction.PR can inhibit the up-regulated protein more than RRR in lung.③There are large number of proteins were down-regulated in lung involved in cell membrane and in colon involved in nucleic acid binding and ATP binding.The down-regulated proteins shared by both lung and colon were involved in endoplasmic reticulum,nucleic acid binding and cell membrane,etc.The down-regulated proteins in lung by PR are more than those by RRR,which is involved in endoplasmic reticulum,cell membrane,etc.Conclusion LPS-induced lung injury can cause changes in the expression of protein in lung and colon proteins,and the increase in the expression of myoprotein contraction genes may be one of the molecular mechanisms related to lung and colon.

Objective:Healthy life expectancy (HLE), which combines life expectancy with health, is an essential comprehensive measure of life length and quality. This article aimed to systematically review the methods for defining and measuring HLE and describe application studies published, providing a reference for decision makers to select and develop methods suitable for China's conditions to measure HLE.Methods:Seven Chinese and English literature databases were searched up to May 7, 2022, and several related reviews and bibliography were manually retrieved. Systematic reviews and empirical research were included concerning HLE indicators and measurement of HLE. Information including the study area, type of the study, study population, HLE index, measurement method, data sources, and results from application studies published in the last five years were extracted. The evolution of the definition of HLE, the scope of different indicators, the measurement scale of health, and measurement methods, were all collected. Results of the empirical research related to measurement methods of indicators were summarized. The study followed the scoping review framework and was written according to the PRISMA-ScR statement.Results:A total of 84 articles were included, including 13 reviews, 17 original studies related to HLE index definition, ten original studies related to index measurement, and 44 empirical studies conducted in the past five years. There were as many as 20 indicators related to HLE, and each scale had its emphasis. A total of ten methods measuring HLE were identified, which vary in the definition of health, whether using weight, and the data type. The most commonly used indicators in the past five years were disability-free life expectancy and HLE. For the method of HLE calculation, Sullivan's method was mainly used for cross-sectional data, and the multistate life table was mainly used for longitudinal data.Conclusions:There are various definitions and measurement methods of HLE, but none are suitable for all scenarios. To summarize the HLE concept, health evaluation techniques, measurement methods, and application studies published worldwide can provide a reference for the localization of HLE measurement in China.

Objective:To provide clinical experience for the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous renal hemorrhage through retrospective analysis of clinical features, imaging manifestations, underlying causes, treatment , and prognosis of spontaneous renal hemorrhage. Methods:By searching hospital information system, medical records scanning system, department of the interventional vascular surgery registry system, and picture archiving and communication systems, the patients with spontaneous renal hemorrhage admitted to Peking University First Hospital between January 1, 2000 to April 10, 2020 were enrolled. The clinical manifestations, investigations, imaging features, treatment, and prognosis of patients were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnostic efficiency and the accuracy of etiological diagnosis of renal hemorrhage by imaging examinations such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and angiography were compared and evaluated.Results:A total of 50 patients with 51 events of spontaneous renal hemorrhage were enrolled in the study. Laboratory tests showed hemoglobin was (103.3±29.4) g/L. The most common clinical features were flank or abdominal pain (48 cases, 96.0%), fever (17 cases, 34.0%), nausea (10 cases, 20.0%), vomiting (9 cases, 18.0%), and gross hematuria (4 cases, 8.0%). Nine patients (18.0%) experienced hypovolemic shock (systolic pressure<90 mmHg). With an initial assessment of the imaging method, the diagnostic accuracy of bleeding was 98.0%(49/50), yet the accuracy of underlying causes was 56.0%(28/50). The diagnostic accuracy of bleeding was 100.0%(25/25) by non-contrast abdominopelvic CT. The most common cause of spontaneous renal hemorrhage syndrome was renal tumors (27 cases, 54.0%), among which angiomyolipoma occurred most frequently (20 cases, 40.0%). Other causes included renal cyst (10 cases, 20.0%), autoimmune diseases (4 cases, 8.0%), bleeding diathesis (3 cases, 6.0%), and idiopathic renal hemorrhage (6 cases, 12.0%). Twelve patients (24.0%) received conservative management, 29 patients (58.0%) underwent interventional embolization therapy, and 11 patients (22.0%) received nephrectomy. The success rate on first embolization therapy was 86.2%(25/29), and approximately 13.8%(4/29) required second embolization therapy or nephrectomy.Conclusions:Spontaneous renal hemorrhage has no specific clinical features and is easy to be underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Non-contrast CT scan has a high diagnostic value for renal bleeding. Comprehensive judgement consisting of clinical features, laboratory tests, imaging manifestations and pathological examinations should be relied on for finding the underlying causes. Prompt diagnosis and management can guarantee a better prognosis.