To satisfy the growing healthcare demands of the public, it is essential to develop a public service platform for vaccination. This initiative aligns with national policies, optimizes resource allocation, innovates service models, enhances service efficiency, and reduces service costs. Drawing on relevant national policies and regulatory requirements, as well as the notable achievements and practical experiences gained through the exploration and innovation of vaccination service models across various regions, this paper proposes expert recommendations. It defines the essential components and functional specifications for public service platforms, focusing on public needs such as electronic vaccination record management, appointment management, the promotion of electronic vaccination certificates, vaccination certificate verification for school enrollment, vaccination site navigation, and science communication and public engagement. The recommendations aim to serve as a reference for the development of vaccination public service platforms nationwide.

Objective: To explore the relationship between sleep characteristics, physical activity patterns, with depressive and anxiety symptoms in college students, so as to provide reference for student mental health promotion. Methods: From September to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 7 954 college students aged 18-22 years from 9 universities in Shanghai, Hubei, and Jiangxi. Assessments were conducted using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate physical activity, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the impact of sleep characteristics and physical activity patterns on depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity among college students. Results: The detection rates for depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms were 25.67%, 35.39%, and 23.15%, respectively. Factors such as gender, grade, household registration, parental education level, annual family income, family structure, and dietary habits were all associated with the detection rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity (χ2=4.41-118.39, P<0.05). Physical activity patterns, sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleepwake characteristics were also associated with the occurrence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity (χ2=9.66-627.70, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that college students who stayed up late and slept less than 7 had the highest risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity (OR=1.93, 1.85, 1.88, P<0.05). Compared to regular physical activity patterns, insufficient physical activity patterns were associated with an increased risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms (all OR=1.18, P<0.05). Further stratified analysis results showed that the risk of depression, anxiety and their comorbidity increased in college students who stayed up late and slept less than 7 h, went to bed before midnight and slept less than 7 h, or went to bed before midnight and slept more than 7 h but did not have sufficient physical activity (P<0.05). Conclusions Sleep characteristics and physical activity patterns significantly affect depressive and anxiety symptoms in college students. Universities should strengthen sleep management and implement flexible physical activity interventions to help students establish healthy lifestyles.

Objective To investigate the effect of active muscle response on mechanical responses and injuries of human neck under high Gx loading.Methods A refined finite element model of the head and neck with active muscle response was established and validated based on the existing post-crash volunteer experiments.The effects of active muscle action on the kinematic and biomechanical responses of the neck were investigated under different G-value loads and at each tilting angle using this model.Results The stress distribution of vertebrae under high Gx load was dispersed from C4-7 to the whole vertebrae,and the active muscle action reduced the stress change,and the effect was significant under 8 G acceleration,which reduced the peak vertebral bone stress by 23.6％and 11.6％,and the peak intervertebral disc stress by 42.3％and 63.4％under 8 G and 10 G conditions,respectively.The maximum stress difference of 34.3 MPa was achieved by the active muscle action at 15° backward tilting.Conclusions The neck showed better stability by the active muscle action under the impact of high Gx loading.At different tilting angles,the active muscle action was more obvious in the backward tilting posture compared with the forward tilting and upright seated postures,and the backward tilting posture was safer to meet the impact when the same active muscle action was applied.The results can provide a reference for the subsequent studies related to the neck injury.

Objective:To develop a camelid single-domain antibody (SdAb) recognizing linear B-cell epitopes in glutamate dehydrogenase of Clostridium difficile(CD-GDH), and to apply it in Western blot and ELISA. Methods:Purified recombinant CD-GDH was used as bait to screen phage-displayed camelid SdAb library and obtain positive clones. Then those clones were confirmed by Western blot, and their variable domain of heavy chain of heavy chain antibody(VHH) nucleotide sequence were determined. The VHH sequence was synthesized after codon optimization and cloned into the expression vector pET28a. The SdAb was then expressed and purified, and its ability to detect CD-GDH protein in multiple assays was further explored.Results:Six positive clones were obtained, among which clone GA4 was chosen for recombinant expression in Escherichia coli and further purification. The purified GA4 binded well with CD-GDH with a Kd value of 3 nmol/L. In Western blot and ELISA, GA4 was proven to be able to selectively detect both recombinant and endogenous CD-GDH. Conclusions:A camelid SdAb targeting a linear B-cell epitope in CD-GDH is successfully developed, which provides a very useful tool for detecting CD-GDH.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the subtyping,clinical and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory adeno-virus(ADV)infections in hospitalized children,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory ADV infections.METHODS Respiratory samples from 15,315 hospitalized children in Hubei Mater-nal and Child Health Care Hospital from Jan.to Dec.2023 were collected.Pathogen-targeted high-throughput se-quencing technology(tNGS)/multiplex respiratory virus detection kits were used to detect respiratory pathogens in the samples.A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients,as well as the subtypes and epidemiological features of adenovirus(ADV).RESULTS Of the 15,315 samples,436 were confirmed to be ADV-positive,with an overall detection rate of 2.85%.Summer was the peak season for ADV respiratory infections,with the highest detection rate of 1.46%(224/15,315).The detection rates in spring,autumn and winter were 0.43%,0.41%and 0.54%,respectively.The detection rate was highest among children aged 2 to<6 years(3.24%,247/7,621).The ADV detection rates differed significantly among different age groups(P<0.05).The 436 samples contained 4 species(B,C,D and E)and 7 serotypes(ADV-1～7),and the ADV-B3 and ADV-B7 subtypes accounted for the majority of genotypes,accounting for 73.62%of the total.The main clinical symptoms of ADV-positive children were cough,fever,tonsillar enlargement with purulent se-cretions and abdominal pain.Among the 436 ADV-positive hospitalized children,296(67.89%)had single ADV infection,while 140(32.11%)had co-infection with other respiratory pathogens.Children in the coinfection group had higher proportions of fever,high fever,fever duration,cough,shortness of breath,mild to severe pneumonia and longer hospital stays compared to the single infection group(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS The detection rate of ADV is associated with age and season.Common clinical manifestations are cough,fever,tonsillar enlargement with purulent exudates and abdominal pain.ADV-3 and ADV-7 are the most commonly detected types in children diagnosed with respiratory infections.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary fibrogenic cells in the liver, and their activation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Here, we report that retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXRα), a unique member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a key modulator of HSC activation and liver fibrosis. RXRα exerts its effects by modulating calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-mediated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα). In addition, we demonstrate that K-80003, which binds RXRα by a unique mechanism, effectively suppresses HSC activation, proliferation, and migration, thereby inhibiting liver fibrosis in the CCl₄ and amylin liver NASH (AMLN) diet animal models. The effect is mediated by AMPKα activation, promoting mitophagy in HSCs. Mechanistically, K-80003 activates AMPKα by inducing RXRα to form condensates with CaMKKβ and AMPKα via a two-phase process. The formation of RXRα condensates is driven by its N-terminal intrinsic disorder region and requires phosphorylation by CaMKKβ. Our results reveal a crucial role of RXRα in liver fibrosis regulation through modulating mitochondrial activities in HSCs. Furthermore, they suggest that K-80003 and related RXRα modulators hold promise as therapeutic agents for fibrosis-related diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of active muscle response on mechanical responses and injuries of human neck under high Gx loading.Methods A refined finite element model of the head and neck with active muscle response was established and validated based on the existing post-crash volunteer experiments.The effects of active muscle action on the kinematic and biomechanical responses of the neck were investigated under different G-value loads and at each tilting angle using this model.Results The stress distribution of vertebrae under high Gx load was dispersed from C4-7 to the whole vertebrae,and the active muscle action reduced the stress change,and the effect was significant under 8 G acceleration,which reduced the peak vertebral bone stress by 23.6％and 11.6％,and the peak intervertebral disc stress by 42.3％and 63.4％under 8 G and 10 G conditions,respectively.The maximum stress difference of 34.3 MPa was achieved by the active muscle action at 15° backward tilting.Conclusions The neck showed better stability by the active muscle action under the impact of high Gx loading.At different tilting angles,the active muscle action was more obvious in the backward tilting posture compared with the forward tilting and upright seated postures,and the backward tilting posture was safer to meet the impact when the same active muscle action was applied.The results can provide a reference for the subsequent studies related to the neck injury.

To satisfy the growing healthcare demands of the public, it is essential to develop a public service platform for vaccination. This initiative aligns with national policies, optimizes resource allocation, innovates service models, enhances service efficiency, and reduces service costs. Drawing on relevant national policies and regulatory requirements, as well as the notable achievements and practical experiences gained through the exploration and innovation of vaccination service models across various regions, this paper proposes expert recommendations. It defines the essential components and functional specifications for public service platforms, focusing on public needs such as electronic vaccination record management, appointment management, the promotion of electronic vaccination certificates, vaccination certificate verification for school enrollment, vaccination site navigation, and science communication and public engagement. The recommendations aim to serve as a reference for the development of vaccination public service platforms nationwide.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the subtyping,clinical and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory adeno-virus(ADV)infections in hospitalized children,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory ADV infections.METHODS Respiratory samples from 15,315 hospitalized children in Hubei Mater-nal and Child Health Care Hospital from Jan.to Dec.2023 were collected.Pathogen-targeted high-throughput se-quencing technology(tNGS)/multiplex respiratory virus detection kits were used to detect respiratory pathogens in the samples.A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients,as well as the subtypes and epidemiological features of adenovirus(ADV).RESULTS Of the 15,315 samples,436 were confirmed to be ADV-positive,with an overall detection rate of 2.85%.Summer was the peak season for ADV respiratory infections,with the highest detection rate of 1.46%(224/15,315).The detection rates in spring,autumn and winter were 0.43%,0.41%and 0.54%,respectively.The detection rate was highest among children aged 2 to<6 years(3.24%,247/7,621).The ADV detection rates differed significantly among different age groups(P<0.05).The 436 samples contained 4 species(B,C,D and E)and 7 serotypes(ADV-1～7),and the ADV-B3 and ADV-B7 subtypes accounted for the majority of genotypes,accounting for 73.62%of the total.The main clinical symptoms of ADV-positive children were cough,fever,tonsillar enlargement with purulent se-cretions and abdominal pain.Among the 436 ADV-positive hospitalized children,296(67.89%)had single ADV infection,while 140(32.11%)had co-infection with other respiratory pathogens.Children in the coinfection group had higher proportions of fever,high fever,fever duration,cough,shortness of breath,mild to severe pneumonia and longer hospital stays compared to the single infection group(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS The detection rate of ADV is associated with age and season.Common clinical manifestations are cough,fever,tonsillar enlargement with purulent exudates and abdominal pain.ADV-3 and ADV-7 are the most commonly detected types in children diagnosed with respiratory infections.

Objective:To develop a camelid single-domain antibody (SdAb) recognizing linear B-cell epitopes in glutamate dehydrogenase of Clostridium difficile(CD-GDH), and to apply it in Western blot and ELISA. Methods:Purified recombinant CD-GDH was used as bait to screen phage-displayed camelid SdAb library and obtain positive clones. Then those clones were confirmed by Western blot, and their variable domain of heavy chain of heavy chain antibody(VHH) nucleotide sequence were determined. The VHH sequence was synthesized after codon optimization and cloned into the expression vector pET28a. The SdAb was then expressed and purified, and its ability to detect CD-GDH protein in multiple assays was further explored.Results:Six positive clones were obtained, among which clone GA4 was chosen for recombinant expression in Escherichia coli and further purification. The purified GA4 binded well with CD-GDH with a Kd value of 3 nmol/L. In Western blot and ELISA, GA4 was proven to be able to selectively detect both recombinant and endogenous CD-GDH. Conclusions:A camelid SdAb targeting a linear B-cell epitope in CD-GDH is successfully developed, which provides a very useful tool for detecting CD-GDH.