Objective: To explore the association of vegetables and fruits intake with depressive symptoms among multi ethnic first year junior high school students in Yunnan Province, so as to provide data support for preventing and reducing depressive symptoms among first year junior high school students. Methods: From October to December 2022, a cluster random sampling method was used to select 8 500 first year junior high school students from 11 ethnic minority areas in Yunnan Province (Fugong County, Longling County, Longyang District, Luchun County, Mojiang County, Nanjian County, Qiaojia County, Shuangjiang County, Tengchong City, Yuanmou County, Zhenyuan County), to investigate with a questionnaire. The Dietary Frequency Questionnaire was used to collect dietary behavior datas, and the Chinese version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to assess depressive symptoms. The generalized linear model was used to analyze the association of vegetable and fruit intake with depressive symptoms in students, and stratified analysis was performed according to ethnicity. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among first year junior high school students in Yunnan Province was 29.5%. The detection rates of depressive symptoms in Han and minority first year junior high school students were 26.9% and 31.6%. After controlling for demographic variables such as gender, age, family residence and other confounding factors, the generalized linear model analysis results showed that the intake of leafy vegetables ( β= -0.07 , 95%CI =-0.12 to -0.01), flat fruits ( β=-0.06, 95%CI =-0.12 to -0.00) and hot natured fruits ( β=0.11, 95%CI = 0.04- 0.17) were associated with depressive symptoms in Han first year junior high school students (all P <0.05). The intake of melon and fruit vegetables ( β=-0.06, 95%CI =-0.11 to -0.01) and hot natured fruits ( β=0.06, 95%CI =0.01-0.12) were associated with depressive symptoms in ethnic minority first year junior high school students (both P <0.05). Conclusions The intake of vegetables and fruits among multi ethnic first year junior high school students in Yunnan Province is related to the risk of depressive symptoms. It is suggested to strengthen the consumption guidance and education of vegetables and fruits to prevent depressive symptoms among first year junior high school students.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Yangxin decoction in the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy （ICM） with Qi and Yin deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and its effect on serum hydrogen sulfide （H₂S） and calcium ion （Ca²⁺）. MethodsA total of 64 ICM patients with Qi and Yin deficiency and blood stasis syndrome who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a control group （n=32） and a treatment group （n=32）. All patients received conventional Western medicine treatment. The treatment group was additionally given Shenqi Yangxin decoction. The TCM syndrome score， Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire （MLHFQ） score， left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP）， 6-minute walk test （6MWT）， New York Heart Association （NYHA） cardiac function classification， and serum H₂S and Ca²⁺ levels were compared between the two groups pre- and post-treatment. ResultsTwo cases dropped out from each group during the study. Finally， 30 patients in each group were included in the analysis. There were no significant differences in age， gender， course of coronary heart disease， underlying diseases， and laboratory tests between the two groups. Compared with baseline， the TCM syndrome score， MLHFQ score， and NT-proBNP in both treatment group and control group decreased significantly （P<0.01）， LVEF， 6MWT， and H₂S increased significantly （P<0.01）， and serum Ca²⁺ increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the MLHFQ score and NT-proBNP in the treatment group decreased （P<0.05）， the TCM syndrome score decreased significantly （P<0.01）， LVEF， 6MWT， and serum Ca²⁺ increased （P<0.05）， and H₂S increased significantly （P<0.01）. The improvement degree of the NYHA cardiac function classification in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group， but there was no significant difference. ConclusionShenqi Yangxin decoction is effective in treating ICM patients with Qi and Yin deficiency and blood stasis， which could significantly improve cardiac function and quality of life， and its therapeutic effect may be related to the regulation of serum H₂S and Ca²⁺ levels.

Background: Influenza A virus (IAV) is a negative-sense RNA virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family and is the etiological agent of a highly contagious acute respiratory disease that can lead to acute lung injury. Objective: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of IAV infection, an integrative research approach combining gene expression profiling, multinetwork analysis, and in vivo experimental validations was employed. Methods: First, a series of network-based analyses were performed, including protein-protein interaction network construction, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and subsequent gene set enrichment analysis, to identify the major underlying mechanisms of IAV infection. Following gene expression analysis, core targets, both direct and indirect regulators, were screened. An IAV (H1N1) strain A/PR/8/34-induced acute lung injury mouse model was constructed for in vivo validations. Batch one included two groups to evaluate findings from the multi-network analysis: Mock (n = 10; 5 males and 5 females) and IAV (n = 10; 5 males and 5 females). Batch two included three groups to assess the role of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in IAV infection: Mock (n = 6; 3 males and 3 females), IAV (n = 6; 3 males and 3 females), and TLR3 inhibitor (n = 6; 3 males and 3 females). Body weight was measured on days 0, 3, and 5 after infection. On day 5, lung tissues were collected to assess viral load and histopathological changes. Key targets were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining, both in sera and lung tissues. Results: IAV infection was significantly associated with dysregulation of the immune-inflammation system, such as the LTR, nucle-otide-binding oligomerization domain-(NOD) like receptor, retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptor, and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathways. Gene set enrichment analysis further indicated that the TLR and necroptosis signaling pathways played crucial roles in the progression of IAV infection (TLR signaling pathway normalized enrichment score = 2.3941, P = 1.00 × 10 ⁻¹⁰; necroptosis normalized enrichment score = 1.9421, P = 6.21 × 10 ⁻⁷). Among the core targets, TLR3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) may regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level (all P < 0.05). In vivo validation using an IAV (PR8) infected acute lung injury mouse model demonstrated increased viral load and lung index, alveolar structural damage, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunofluorescence staining exhibited large gaps in Lamin B1 staining and breaches in Emerin signals following IAV-PR8 infection. Expression levels of TLR3, p-receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)/RIPK3, and p-mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL)/MLKL proteins in lung tissues, as well as proinflammatory factors and mediators in sera, were significantly elevated after IAV infection. Moreover, enhanced neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase) and citrullinated histone H3 (a neutrophil extracellular trap-specific marker), both established indicators of neutrophil extracellular trap formation, were observed. Notably, treatment with a TLR3 inhibitor significantly ameliorated IAV-induced acute lung injury by regulating necroptosis-related targets. Conclusion: Our study provides network-based in vivo evidence that TLR3-receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3-MLKL-mediated necroptosis may underlie IAV-induced acute lung injury and could serve as a potential therapeutic target in severe influenza cases.

ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence and spatiotemporal distribution of typhus fever in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2023, to identify high-risk populations and regions, so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the allocation of local prevention and control resources and developing targeted intervention measures. MethodsData of typhus fever cases in Baoshan City from 2005 to 2023 were obtained from the Infectious Disease Information Management System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal, spatial and demographic distribution of typhus fever cases. Spatial clustering was assessed using spatial dynamic window scan statistics (circular and elliptical windows), flexible spatial scan statistics, and local spatial autocorrelation methods (including local Moran’s I, local Geary’s C, and Getis-Ord G_i*). Retrospective spatiotemporal scan statistics were employed to detect spatiotemporal clusters. ResultsA total of 1 099 typhus fever cases were reported in Baoshan City from 2005 to 2023. The incidence rate peaked at 6.31/ 100 000 in 2007, followed by a decline until reaching its lowest level at 0.21/100 000 in 2015 , and subsequently rebounded during 2016‒2023. The highest proportion of cases was among children under 10 years of age (31.12%), and the top three occupations of cases were farmers, students, and children, accounting for 88.62% of all cases. Cases occurred predominantly between June and September each year. The incidence was relatively high in Jiucheng Town (62.58/100 000), Yaoguan Town (57.15/100 000), and Dianyang Town (46.81/100 000) of Shidian County. Spatial clustering analyses indicated that high-risk areas were mainly located in the southern part of Baoshan City, showing a south-to-north trend. Spatiotemporal scan analyses identified five clusters, with the most likely cluster centered around Yaoguan Town, covering ten towns (subdistricts) during the period 2007‒2010. ConclusionThe incidence of typhus fever in Baoshan City exhibits a clear seasonal and spatial clustering pattern, with peak incidence occurring in summer and autumn. Spatially, cases are primarily distributed in the southern part of Baoshan City, and high-risk clusters exhibit a south-to-north trend. Farmers, students, and children are the high-risk groups.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of the ABC-X model-based nursing in patients with vitiligo undergoing autologous cell-spray grafting of non-cultured epidermal cells (Recell technique) .Methods:A total of 84 vitiligo patients treated with ReCell technique admitted to the Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2022 to February 2024 were selected for the study using the convenience sampling method. The patients were divided into observation group (42 cases) and control group (42 cases) according to randomized numerical table method. Control group received conventional nursing, and observation group was treated with ABC-X model-based nursing on the basis of control group. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of observation group were lower than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After the intervention, the positive coping score in TCSQ of observation group was higher than that of control group, and the negative coping score was lower than that of control group, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). After the intervention, the total DLQI score of observation group was lower than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The nursing based on ABC-X model in vitiligo patients treated with ReCell technique can improve patients' psychological conditions, promote positive coping, and enhance the quality of life, which is worthy of popularization and application.

OBJECTIVE To study how resveratrol(Res)mitigates acute lung injury(ALI)in mice induced by sulfur mustard(SM)and potential mechanism.METHODS Male C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into the control group(50 μL physiological saline via nebulization),SM group(SM 5 mg·kg-1 via nebulization),SM+Res 10 or 20 mg·kg-1 groups(1 h after administration of SM 5 mg·kg-1,Res 10 or 20 mg·kg-1 was administered via nebulization).Mice in each group were weighed 0,24,48 and 72 h after SM administration.Mice were sacrificed 72 h after SM administration,and lung tissues were collected,weighed for wet and dry weights,and the wet/dry ratio was calculated.HE staining was employed to detect the pathological changes of lung tissues while real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of interleukin 6(IL-6)and IL-1β.Transcriptomic changes of the SM group and the SM+Res 20 mg·kg-1 group were detected with the next-generation sequencing technology.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression changes of adenosine 5'-monophos-phate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and silence information regulator 1(SIRT1)in lung tissues.RESULTS 72 h after SM administration,the body mass of mice in the SM group was significantly decreased compared with normal control group,while the wet/dry ratio of the lung was significantly increased,so were the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in lung tissues were also significantly increased.Pathological changes of lung tissues included alveolar cavity atrophy,marked parenchymal tissues,and diffuse infiltration of local inflammatory cells.Compared with the SM group,the body mass of mice in the SM+Res 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 groups significantly increased,the wet/dry ratio of lung tissues was significantly reduced,and expressions of IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA were significantly decreased in SM+Res 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 groups.Compared with the normal control group,the mRNA expression levels of AMPK and SIRT1 in lung tissues of the SM group were significantly decreased.Compared with the SM group,the mRNA expression levels of AMPK in lung tissues of the SM+Res 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 groups were significantly increased while the mRNA expression level of SIRT1 was significantly decreased.CONCLUSION Res can mitigate ALI in mice induced by SM,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of cell apoptosis by regulating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the experiences of children with Crohn's disease and their parents regarding the exclusion diet,and to provide a basis for formulating personalized dietary guidance programs.Methods A total of 12 children with Crohn's disease and their parents,hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology at a tertiary children's hospital in Guangzhou from June to December 2023,were selected as research subjects using objective sampling.Semi-structured interviews were conducted,and the data were analyzed and refined using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.Results Totally 3 themes and 14 sub-themes were extracted.①Lack of cognition and trust in Crohn's disease exclusion diet(unfamiliarity with the contents of the diet,misunderstanding of the diet's preparation,inadequate response to daily exclusion diet practices,parents' distrust in the exclusion diet).②The practical challenges of the Crohn's disease exclusion diet(the challenge of personal dietary preferences,the challenge of family meal preparation,the challenge of school feeding,food intolerance,feelings of monotony and weariness following the exclusion diet).③Innovations in practicing the Crohn's disease exclusion diet(managing taste fatigue,managing visual fatigue,innovative cooking methods,prioritizing exclusive enteral nutrition followed by the exclusion diet,overcoming the desire for universal food).Conclusion Children with Crohn's disease and their parents exhibit insufficient cognition and trust in the exclusion diet and face various challenges in practice.Clinical medical staff should adopt personalized coping strategies tailored to the specific circumstances of each child.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Objective:To analyze the disease burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)- associated lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in Chinese children under one year of age from 1990 to 2021.Methods:Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database ( https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/), we calculated deaths, mortality, age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), disability- adjusted life years (DALYs), DALY rates, and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) to assess the disease burden of RSV-associated LRTI in Chinese children under one year of age. Joinpoint regression modeling was employed to analyze temporal trends in disease burden in China from 1990 to 2021, with stratification by time, age, and sex. Comparisons were made with global and high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions. Results:In 2021, there were 324 deaths (95% UI: 179-539) from RSV-LRTI in Chinese infants under one year of age, with a mortality rate of 2.82 per 100 000 (95% UI: 1.55-4.69), ASMR of 0.10 per 100 000 (95% UI: 0.06-0.16), DALYs of 29 131.28 years (95% UI: 16 050.27-48 398.30), DALY rate of 253.56 per 100 000 (95% UI: 139.70-421.26), and ASDR of 6.70 per 100 000 (95% UI: 3.72-11.12). All metrics were lower than global levels but significantly higher than high-SDI regions. From 1990 to 2021, substantial reductions were observed in deaths, mortality rates, DALYs, and DALY rates of RSV-LRTI among children under one year of age in China, globally, and in high-SDI regions. China achieved ASMR and ASDR reductions of－95.91% (95% CI:－97.75% to－92.96%) and－96.70% (95% CI:－98.19% to－94.33%), comparable to high-SDI regions but exceeding global averages. Joinpoint analysis showed average annual percentage changes (AAPC) in ASMR of－9.80% (95% CI:－10.45% to－9.14%) for China,－5.38% (95% CI:－5.83% to－4.91%) globally, and－7.13% (95% CI:－9.07% to－5.14%) for high-SDI regions (all P<0.001). The AAPC for ASDR were－10.41% (95% CI:－11.01% to－9.79%),－5.40% (95% CI:－5.82% to－4.97%), and－7.09% (95% CI:－9.70% to－4.41%) for China, the global average, and high-SDI regions, respectively, with the most pronounced decline occurring between 2019 and 2021 (ASMR decreased by 53.33%, 45.81%, and 61.31%, while ASDR declined by 52.50%, 44.54%, and 58.88% in China, globally, and in high-SDI regions, respectively). In 2021, both China and high-SDI regions exhibited declining mortality and DALY rates for RSV-LRTI with increasing age among children under one year, while neonates younger than 28 days consistently demonstrated the highest burden metrics. The rate of decline was comparable between China and high-SDI regions, with both exceeding the global average. Furthermore, from 1990 to 2021, male infants under one year of age in China, globally, and in high-SDI regions consistently showed higher overall trends in deaths, mortality rates, DALY, and DALY rates for RSV-LRTI compared to female infants. Conclusions:Although China's RSV-LRTI disease burden in infants under one year remains lower than global levels but higher than high-SDI regions, the country achieved reduction rates comparable to high-SDI regions, exceeding global averages. RSV-LRTI continue to pose significant health threats to neonates and male infants, necessitating age-specific and sex-specific prevention strategies.