Root caries is a prevalent chronic oral disease with an average global prevalence of 41.5%, characterized by high incidence, low rate of treatment, and high rate of retreatment. Root caries is primarily caused by core microbiome-induced dysbiosis and has multiple risk factors, including gingival recession, root surface exposure, and salivary dysfunction. The traditional preventive measures and treatments such as fluoride, mineralizing agents, and restorative materials, are unable to restore or maintain oral microecological homeostasis. Recent studies have demonstrated that probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and antimicrobial peptides may prevent and treat root caries by reversing dysbiosis. In addition, these biotherapeutics can reduce acid production by acidiferous bacteria, promote alkali production (hydrogen peroxide and ammonia) by alkali-producing bacteria, inhibit biofilm formation, decrease extracellular polysaccharide production, and suppress microbial adhesion and aggregation. It is expected to play an important role in the prevention and control of root caries. This article aims to review oral probiotics (Streptococcus oligofermentans, Streptococcus oralis subsp. dentisani, and Streptococcus salivarius), prebiotics (arginine, nitrates, and synthetic compounds), synbiotics, and antimicrobial peptides (gallic acid-polyphemusin I and LH12) to provide evidence and guidance for root caries management through microecological modulation.

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarise the best evidence in home nutrition management for patients after gastric cancer surgery,so as to provide a reference for medical staff.Methods According to the"6S"mode of evidence-based resource retrieval,desktop work was conducted to search the databases of UpToDate,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP database,Wanfang database,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network(SIGN),the website of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE),Guidelines International Network(GIN),National Guideline Clearinghouse(NGC),the website of Registered Nurses'Association of Ontario(RNAO),the guidelines website of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO),Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro),National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN),the website of China Medical Association(CMA),the website of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition(ASPEN),the website of European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism(ESPEN),and Yimaitong for clinical guidelines,systematic evaluations,expert consensuses,clinical decisions,evidence summaries and randomised controlled trials(RCTs)in home nutrition management for the patients after gastric cancer surgery.The retrieved data was from 1st January,2014 to 30th June,2024.Two researchers who had systematic training in evidence-based nursing independently screened and evaluated the retrieved literature.Results A total of 13 documents were finally included,covering 5 clinical guidelines,5 expert consensuses,1 clinical decision and 2 RCT studies.Thirty-two pieces of the best evidence were summarised from seven aspects of nutritional follow-up,nutritional risk screening and assessment,health education of oral nutrition,health education of tube-fed enteral nutrition,health education of nutrient requirement,complication management and life management.Conclusion The evidence summarised in this study on home nutrition management for the patients after gastric cancer surgery can be used as a reference for medical staff.

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarise the best evidence in home nutrition management for patients after gastric cancer surgery,so as to provide a reference for medical staff.Methods According to the"6S"mode of evidence-based resource retrieval,desktop work was conducted to search the databases of UpToDate,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP database,Wanfang database,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network(SIGN),the website of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE),Guidelines International Network(GIN),National Guideline Clearinghouse(NGC),the website of Registered Nurses'Association of Ontario(RNAO),the guidelines website of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO),Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro),National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN),the website of China Medical Association(CMA),the website of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition(ASPEN),the website of European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism(ESPEN),and Yimaitong for clinical guidelines,systematic evaluations,expert consensuses,clinical decisions,evidence summaries and randomised controlled trials(RCTs)in home nutrition management for the patients after gastric cancer surgery.The retrieved data was from 1st January,2014 to 30th June,2024.Two researchers who had systematic training in evidence-based nursing independently screened and evaluated the retrieved literature.Results A total of 13 documents were finally included,covering 5 clinical guidelines,5 expert consensuses,1 clinical decision and 2 RCT studies.Thirty-two pieces of the best evidence were summarised from seven aspects of nutritional follow-up,nutritional risk screening and assessment,health education of oral nutrition,health education of tube-fed enteral nutrition,health education of nutrient requirement,complication management and life management.Conclusion The evidence summarised in this study on home nutrition management for the patients after gastric cancer surgery can be used as a reference for medical staff.

Radiotherapy can cause functional and morphological changes in the brain tissues of patients with primary or metastatic malignant brain tumors, leading to radiation-induced brain injury. However, the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury has not yet been unanimously determined, and its research advances and treatment protocols are yet to be elucidated and improved. In this study, we explore the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury from the perspective of vascular injury, inflammatory reactions, neuronal dysfunction, glial cell injury, and gut microbiota and reviewed the advances in research on its treatment and prevention. The purpose is to provide a reference and theoretical basis for the research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of radiation-induced brain injury.

There have been no documented cases of simultaneous metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) to the prostate. We reported a patient with ccRCC and concurrent oligometastasis to the prostate. The patient presented with dysuria, and imaging identified a left renal mass (69 mm×65 mm) with a serum TPSA level of 0.478 ng/ml and no abnormal prostate findings on physical examination. The patient underwent left radical nephrectomy and prostate resection for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Histopathology confirmed ccRCC with prostate metastasis. Following stereotactic body radiation therapy to the prostate, the patient remains disease-free at a seven-month follow-up.

There have been no documented cases of simultaneous metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) to the prostate. We reported a patient with ccRCC and concurrent oligometastasis to the prostate. The patient presented with dysuria, and imaging identified a left renal mass (69 mm×65 mm) with a serum TPSA level of 0.478 ng/ml and no abnormal prostate findings on physical examination. The patient underwent left radical nephrectomy and prostate resection for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Histopathology confirmed ccRCC with prostate metastasis. Following stereotactic body radiation therapy to the prostate, the patient remains disease-free at a seven-month follow-up.

Objective To investigate the effect of preparation of shear-thinning CPC/LP nano-composite hydrogel for wound healing by supramolecular interaction of polydopamine(LP)and phy-cocyanin(CPC)based on nano-clayoxidation.Methods LP aggregates were formed by polymeriza-tion of dopamine monomers in weak alkaline oxygen-containing environment of nano-clay dispersion,and then mixed it with multifunctional CPC to form shear-thinning nanocomposite hydrogels by electro-static action and Schiff base.The microstructure,rheological properties,blood compatibility and wound healing effect of hydrogel were studied systematically.Results The gelation performance of CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel was related to LP content.When LP content was 3％and CPC con-tent was 0.5％,stable gel could be formed;rheological test results showed that the nanocomposite hydrogel had the properties of shear thinning and self-healing;the results of blood compatibility test showed that the hemolysis rate of the nanocomposite hydrogel was less than 5％,and it had good blood compatibility.In addition,the nanocomposite hydrogel could be injected into the injury site through a smaller needle to promote wound healing.Conclusion CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits excellent injectable properties and can effectively promote wound healing.

Objective To prepare Compound Nanxing Pain Relief Gel(CNPRG)and evaluate its quality and sensitization.Methods CNPRG uses Carbopol 980 NF as the matrix;Appearance,viscosity,coating,centrifugal stability,cold stability,thermal stability as comprehensive indicators,single test and Box-Behnken effector method to optimize the prescription;The quality evaluation methods of appearance,pH,viscosity,stability,vapor phase identification of volatile components,and determination of diaconitine and eugenol content of CNPRG were preliminarily established;CNPRG sensitization was assessed by Active Cutaneous Anaphylaxis.Results The best prescription for CNPRG was Carbopol 980 NF 0.35 g,drug 1.02 g,glycerol 5.00 g,and pH 6.20.CNPRG ′s appearance likes jelly,is smooth,uniform and delicate;pH=6.20±0.03;viscosity 68.43±1.14 Pa·s;Centrifugation,high,low temperature stability,no stratification and precipitation;Identify camphor,(±)-Borneol and(±)-Isoborneol,Cinnamaldehyde,eugenol,phenol;Hypaconitine content 0.2983±0.0073 μg·g-1;Eugenol content 155.66±0.97 μg·g-1;CNPRG confirmed no sensitization.Conclusion CNPRG has good appearance,stable quality and no sensitization,and it can provide a choice for the development of new dosage forms of compound Nanxing pain relief cream to alleviate sensitization.

Objective To investigate the effect of preparation of shear-thinning CPC/LP nano-composite hydrogel for wound healing by supramolecular interaction of polydopamine(LP)and phy-cocyanin(CPC)based on nano-clayoxidation.Methods LP aggregates were formed by polymeriza-tion of dopamine monomers in weak alkaline oxygen-containing environment of nano-clay dispersion,and then mixed it with multifunctional CPC to form shear-thinning nanocomposite hydrogels by electro-static action and Schiff base.The microstructure,rheological properties,blood compatibility and wound healing effect of hydrogel were studied systematically.Results The gelation performance of CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel was related to LP content.When LP content was 3％and CPC con-tent was 0.5％,stable gel could be formed;rheological test results showed that the nanocomposite hydrogel had the properties of shear thinning and self-healing;the results of blood compatibility test showed that the hemolysis rate of the nanocomposite hydrogel was less than 5％,and it had good blood compatibility.In addition,the nanocomposite hydrogel could be injected into the injury site through a smaller needle to promote wound healing.Conclusion CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits excellent injectable properties and can effectively promote wound healing.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of sexual abuse among rural children and its association with family cohesion and adaptability, and to explore factors that may affect household functions of the victims. Methods: A total of 1 666 rural middle school students in Hanchuan and Yunxi, Hubei were recruited with stratified cluster sampling method, multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze associated factors of the household functions of the victims. Results: A total of 175 (10.50%) reported non-contact sexual abuse and 44 (2.64%) reported contact sexual abuse. Compared with control group, sexual abuse victims reported lower scores of family cohesion (F=8.97，P<0.01) and adaptability (F=4.09，P=0.02). Among the victims, maternal absence was a risk factor for poor family cohesion(OR=0.20，P<0.01), higher parental educational level and appropriate parenting methods(P<0.05) were protective factors for family cohesion and family adaptability. Conclusion Household functions of children sexual abuse victims in rural areas are generally poor, especially for victims with mothers absence, low parental education and improper parenting style. More attention should be paid to such children to minimize the impact of negative events such as sexual abuse.