ObjectiveTo study the changing law of appearance color and physicochemical properties of Angelicae Sinensis Radix Carbonisata（ASRC） during the processing by color space method combined with statistical analysis， so as to provide reference for determining the processing endpoint and evaluating the quality of the decoction pieces. MethodsTaking processing time（4， 8， 12， 16 min） and temperature（180， 200， 220， 240 ℃） as factors， ASRC decoction pieces with different processing degrees were prepared in a completely randomized design. Then， the brightness value（L^*）， red-green value（a^*）， yellow-blue value（b^*）， and total chromaticity value （E^*ab） of the decoction pieces were determined by spectrophotometer， the color difference value（ΔE） was calculated， and the data of colorimetric values were analyzed by discriminant analysis. At the same time， the pH， charcoal adsorption， and contents of tannins， 5-hydroxymethylfurfural（5-HMF）， tryptophan， chlorogenic acid， ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide H and ligustilide of ASRC with different processing degrees were determined by pH meter， ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography（UPLC）. Principal component analysis（PCA） was used to analyze the data of physicochemical indexes， after determining the processing technology of ASRC， the canonical discriminant function was established to distinguish the decoction pieces with different processing degrees， and leave-one-out cross validation was conducted. Finally， Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between various physicochemical indexes and chromaticity values. ResultsWith the prolongation of the processing time， L^*， a^*， b^* and E^*ab all showed a decreasing trend， and the established discriminant model based on color parameters was able to distinguish ASRC with different processing degrees. The pH showed an increasing trend with the prolongation of processing time， and the charcoal adsorption， and the contents of tannins， 5-HMF， and tryptophan all showed an increasing and then decreasing trend. Among them， the charcoal adsorption， contents of tannin and 5-HMF reached their maximum values successively after processing for 8-12 min. While the contents of chlorogenic acid， ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide H and ligustilide decreased with the increase of processing time， with a decrease of 60%-80% at 8 min of processing. Therefore， the optimal processing time should be determined to be 8-12 min. PCA could clearly distinguish ASRC with different processing degrees， while temperature had no significant effect on the processing degree. The 12 batches of process validation results（10 min， 180-240 ℃） showed that except for 3 batches identified as class Ⅱ light charcoal， all other batches were identified as class Ⅲ standard charcoal， and the chromaticity values of each batch of ASRC were within the reference range of class Ⅱ-Ⅲ sample chromaticity values. The correlation analysis showed that the chromaticity values were negatively correlated with pH and charcoal adsorption， and positively correlated with contents of tryptophan， chlorogenic acid， ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide H， and ligustilide. And both pH and charcoal adsorption were negatively correlated with the contents of the above components， but the charcoal adsorption was positively correlated with the content of 5-HMF. ConclusionThe chromaticity values and the contents of various physicochemical indicators of ASRC undergo significant changes with the prolongation of processing time， and there is a general correlation between chromaticity values and various physicochemical indicators. Based on the changes in color and physicochemical indicators， the optimal processing time for ASRC is determined to be 8-12 min. This study reveals the dynamic changes of the relevant indexes in the processing of ASRC， which can provide a reference for the discrimination of the processing degree and the quantitative study of the processing endpoint.

Objective To explore the acupoint selection law for acupoint stimulation to improve gastrointestinal function after colorectal cancer surgery based on data mining technology.Methods Literature about acupoint stimulation to improve gastrointestinal function was retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science and Cochrane Library from the establishment of databases to July 1,2023.Data extraction and analysis were performed using Excel 2021.Association rule analysis and clustering analysis were conducted using R language.Results Totally 197 articles were collected,with 242 combinations of acupoints involving 69 acupoints and the total use frequency of acupoints was 878 times.The top 3 acupoints used in frequency were Zusanli(ST36),Shangjuxu(ST37),and Neiguan(PC6).The top 3 involved meridians were the stomach meridian,Conception Vessel,and spleen meridian.The acupoints were mainly distributed in the lower limbs,and the most commonly used intervention method was needle punching.The association analysis discovered a combination of acupoints centered around Zusanli(ST36),which included Shangjuxu(ST37),Neiguan(PC6),and Sanyinjiao(SP6).Clustering analysis identified 4 effective cluster combinations.Conclusion Acupoint stimulation improves gastrointestinal function after colorectal cancer surgery.Multiple acupoint selection ideas are used,and the summarized acupoint selection and compatibility law in this study can provide reference for clinical research and application.

ObjectiveTo explore the antioxidant and anti-human cervical cancer HeLa cell effect and mechanisms of Andrographis paniculata polysaccharide （APP）. MethodCell function assays were conducted to assess the effects of APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） on the proliferation， migration， and invasion of HeLa cells using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， scratch assay， and Transwell assay. Molecular mechanism experiments were conducted to detect the effects of APP on HeLa cell apoptosis and cell cycle-related mRNA and protein expression using flow cytometry， real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and Western blot analysis. The antioxidant activity of APP was tested using DPPH⁺， OH^-， and reducing power assays. ResultCompared with the blank group， APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） significantly inhibited the migration， proliferation， and invasion abilities of HeLa cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Flow cytometry with propidium iodide （PI） single staining was used to detect cell cycle. The results showed that compared with the blank group， the proportion of HeLa cells in the G₂/M phase increased after 48 hours of treatment with APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1）， indicating that APP can arrest HeLa cells in the G₂/M phase. Flow cytometry with fluorescein isothiocyanate （Annexin V-FITC）/PI apoptosis kit was used to detect cell apoptosis. Compared with the blank group， the proportion of early and late apoptotic HeLa cells increased in a dose-dependent manner after 48 hours of APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）， indicating that APP promotes HeLa cell apoptosis. The results of Real-time PCR and Western blot assay showed that compared with the blank group， after 48 hours of APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） treatment resulted in decreased mRNA and protein expression of cell cycle-dependent kinase-1 （CDK-1）， Cyclin B₁， and B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and increased mRNA and protein expression of cysteine aspartate protease （Caspase）-3， Caspase-8， Caspase-9， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） （P<0.05， P<0.01）. These findings were consistent with the flow cytometry results and showed a dose-dependent effect. In vitro antioxidant tests demonstrated that different concentrations of APP （50-1 000 mg·L^-1） were able to scavenge DPPH⁺ and OH^- radicals， indicating certain antioxidant activity. ConclusionAPP possesses antioxidant activity and can inhibit the viability of HeLa cells while promoting their apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the water extraction process of Flos Lonicerae-Fructus Forsythuae and determine the range of water extraction process parameters.METHODS The active components were screened by network pharmacology,and the indica-tor ingredients were determined in combination with the quality markers under the relevant terms of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition and the literature.Take extraction yield and the extraction rate of the indicative component as the critical quality attributes of the water extraction process to screen critical process parameters.The mathematical model was established by Box-Behnken experimental design to investigate the interaction between CQAs and CPPs and build the design space of the water extraction process of Flos Lonicerae-Fruc-tus Forsythuae.RESULTS The extraction percentages of phenolic acids,forsythoside A and forsythin were screened as the index components;specifications of medicinal slices,extraction time and water addition were the key process parameters.Based on the estab-lishment and optimization of the design space,the optimum water extraction process was obtained as follows:the medicinal slice of Lian-Qiao was broken into 0.8-1.2 cm,adding 12 times the amount of water in the first and extract for 30-50 min,10 times the a-mount of water in the second and extract for 25-30 min.CONCLUSION The verification results show that the measured value ob-tained by using the design space method to optimize the water extraction process is close to the predicted value,indicating that the method is stable and reliable,which can provide ideas for its further process development and quality control for the couple medicines of Flos Lonicerae-Fructus Forsythuae.

Objective To analyze the acupoint selection rule for cancer-related fatigue with acupoint stimulation using data mining techniques.Methods Clinical randomized controlled trial research literature about treatment for cancer-related fatigue with acupoint stimulation was retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science and Embase from establishment of the databases to October 13,2023.The frequency anlysis,association rule analysis and clustering analysis on acupoints were performed using Excel 2021 and R 4.3.1.Results Totally 187 articles were included,with 214 combinations of acupoints involving 102 acupoints,with a total frequency of 1 044.The most frequently used acupoints were Zusanli(ST36),Qihai(CV6),and Guanyuan(CV4).The top three meridians used were the Conception Vessel,stomach meridian,and spleen meridian.The acupoints were mainly distributed in the lower limbs and thoracoabdominal,and the most commonly used specific acupoint was the crossing point.Moxibustion was the most commonly used intervention measure.Association rule analysis indicated that the core combination of acupoints in this study was Zusanli(ST36),Qihai(CV6),Guanyuan(CV4),and Sanyinjiao(SP6).Analysis of acupoint selection for cancer-related fatigue with different types of cancer demonstrated that acupoints with tonifying properties were most frequently chosen.Clustering analysis identified five effective combinations of acupoints.Conclusion The acupoint selection for treating cancer-related fatigue should focus on tonifying qi and nourishing blood,as well as supporting healthy qi to eliminate pathogenic factors.Special attention is given to the use of specific acupoints,and various acupoint combination methods are employed based on the differentiation of zang-fu organs and meridians to enhance clinical efficacy.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of detecting mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)content and 10398 site mutation in serum.Methods A tatol of 314 healthy women who underwent physical examinations at the Yichang Second People's Hospital were collected from January to December 2020 as health examination group,and collect 82 cervical cancer patients who received medical treatment at the Second People's Hospital of Yichang City from January 2020 to December 2023 as cervical cancer group.Detect the mtDNA content and 10398 locus genotype of serum samples from two groups of participants,and compare the differences in indicators between two groups of participants.Results The mtDNA content of cervical cancer patients was significantly higher than that of healthy examination group(P＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in genotype at locus 10398 between two groups of participants(P＞0.05).The mtDNA content of women aged≥45 in health examination group was higher,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of mtDNA at different 10398 loci(P＞0.05).Patients aged ≥45 in cervical cancer group have higher mtDNA content,and the difference is statistically significant(P＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in mtDNA content among patients with different clinical stages and pathological types(P＞0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference in mtDNA content at different 10398 loci(P＞0.05).Conclusion The detection of mtDNA content has certain significance for both healthy physical examination population and cervical cancer population.The mtDNA content in both groups is related to age and increases with age.The mtDNA content in cervical cancer population is significantly higher than that in normal physical examination population.The detection of mtDNA at 10398 site in serum has little significance for both groups.The mtDNA content and 10398 site distribution in cervical cancer population are not related to pathology and stage.The detection of mtDNA content can be considered as a serum biomarker for the diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Carotenoids are secondary metabolite responsible for colored pigments in plants and microbes (Li et al., 2022). They are a class of C₄₀ tetraterpenoids consisting of eight isoprenoid units, and can be classified into carotenes and xanthophylls on the basis of their functional groups (Saini et al., 2015). Carotenes can be linear (phytoene, phytofluene, and ζ‍-carotene) or branched (β‍-carotene and α‍-carotene). Xanthophylls comprise β,β‍-xanthophylls (β‍-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, violaxanthins, and neoxanthin) and β,ε‍-xanthophylls (α-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, and lutein). Citrus fruits are complex sources of carotenoids, which are the principal pigments responsible for the typical orange color of most types (Chen, 2020). The difference in total carotenoid content and the diversity of carotenoid isomer proportion also accounts for other colors of citrus fruits, such as yellow, red, and pink (Chen, 2020).
Citrus/metabolism* ; Carotenoids ; Xanthophylls ; Lutein/metabolism* ; Zeaxanthins/metabolism* ; Fruit

Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage commonly presents in traumatic brain injury patients, and it may lead to complications such as meningitis, ventriculitis, brain abscess, subdural hematoma or tension pneumocephalus. When misdiagnosed or inappropriately treated, traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage may result in severe complications and may be life-threatening. Some traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage has concealed manifestations and is prone to misdiagnosis. Due to different sites and mechanisms of trauma and degree of cerebrospinal fluid leak, treatments for traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage varies greatly. Hence, the Craniocerebral Trauma Professional Group of Neurosurgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Neurological Injury Professional Group of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage in adults ( version 2023)" based on existing clinical evidence and experience. The consensus consisted of 16 recommendations, covering the leakage diagnosis, localization, treatments, and intracranial infection prevention, so as to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage and improve the overall prognosis of the patients.

Objective:To investigate the trend of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the mothers of preterm infants within 6 months and analyze the related factors.Methods:There were 171 mothers of premature infants selected by convenience sampling method who received outpatient follow-up from Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University from July 2018 to November 2019. The mothers were evaluated by post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire from corrected age 1 month to 6 months of preterm infants, and the general data, maternal anxiety and family management were investigated as well. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder for preterm infants within corrected 6 months.Results:The incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder in mothers of premature infants was significantly higher than the domestic norm. The incidence was 35.09%(60/171) in 1 month and the highest score was 4.80 ± 2.09, and then gradually decreased to 12.06%(17/141) in 6 months, with an average score of 3.41 ± 1.82. The results of linear regression analysis showed that the birth weight of preterm infants, hospital stay and the age of the mother, the maternal anxiety score, the Family Management Measure score, re-hospitalization after discharge were the influencing factors of the maternal PTSD score ( t values were -247 - 3.08, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in mothers of preterm infants within 6 months is higher. Although the incidence gradually decreases over time, it is still significantly higher than the average level, which deserves clinical attention. The mothers of premature infants with low birth weight, long hospital stay and young mothers should be alert to the occurrence of PTSD. During the hospitalization of premature infants, family participatory nursing should be provided as much as possible to improve mothers′ confidence in caring. Alleviating mother′s anxiety, maintaining good family relationship, improving family management ability and providing continuous nursing service after discharge are beneficial to prevent mother from having post-traumatic stress disorder.

Objective To explore the association between lipid profiles and left ventricular hypertrophy in a Chinese general population. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study to investigate the relationship between lipid markers [including triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein[a], and composite lipid profiles] and left ventricular hypertrophy. A total of 309,400 participants of two populations (one from Beijing and another from nationwide) who underwent physical examinations at different health management centers between 2009 and 2018 in China were included in the cross-sectional study. 7,475 participants who had multiple physical examinations and initially did not have left ventricular hypertrophy constituted a longitudinal cohort to analyze the association between lipid markers and the new-onset of left ventricular hypertrophy. Left ventricular hypertrophy was measured by echocardiography and defined as an end-diastolic thickness of the interventricular septum or left ventricle posterior wall > 11 mm. The Logistic regression model was used in the cross-sectional study. Cox model and Cox model with restricted cubic splines were used in the longitudinal cohort. Results In the cross-sectional study, for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker compared to the respective lowest, triglycerides [odds ratio (OR): 1.250, 95％CI: 1.060 to 1.474], HDL-cholesterol (OR: 0.780, 95％CI: 0.662 to 0.918), and lipoprotein(a) (OR: 1.311, 95％CI: 1.115 to 1.541) had an association with left ventricular hypertrophy. In the longitudinal cohort, for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker at the baseline compared to the respective lowest, triglycerides [hazard ratio (HR): 3.277, 95％CI: 1.720 to 6.244], HDL-cholesterol (HR: 0.516, 95％CI: 0.283 to 0.940), non-HDL-cholesterol (HR: 2.309, 95％CI: 1.296 to 4.112), apolipoprotein B (HR: 2.244, 95％CI: 1.251 to 4.032) showed an association with new-onset left ventricular hypertrophy. In the Cox model with forward stepwise selection, triglycerides were the only lipid markers entered into the final model. Conclusion Lipids levels, especially triglycerides, are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. Controlling triglycerides level potentiate to be a strategy in harnessing cardiac remodeling but deserve to be further investigated.