Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations and treatment plans of chronic recurrent parotitis (CRP), and to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRP. Methods: Approval was obtained from the hospital’s Medical Ethics Committee, and a retrospective analysis and summary of the clinical features, imaging characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of 41 CRP patients with complete data were performed. Results: Among the 41 patients with CRP, 14 were male and 27 were female, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 1:2 (14/27). The age at first-time onset ranged from 3 to 23 years, with a median age of 6 years, and there were 38 patients (92.7%, 38/41) with the first onset age of under 18 years old. The age of the first visit to our hospital ranged from 4 to 72 years old, with an average age of (41.0 ± 17.3) years; the disease duration was 0.5 to 66 years, with an average of 35.0 ± 16.1 years. Twenty-five cases had bilateral parotid gland involvement (61.0%, 25/41). The clinical manifestations of CRP are repeated swelling of one or both parotid glands, along with discomfort, and this may be accompanied by mild edema or skin flushing and pus or jelly-like secretions at the duct openings. The typical manifestations of parotid angiography are: the dominant duct and branch ducts of the parotid gland do not have specific dilation or narrowing, and the peripheral ducts show characteristic “punctate, spherical, or cavitary” dilation and delayed emptying. Of the cases, 34 had abnormal enlargement of the main duct orifice (82.9%, 34/41), and 37 presented with abnormal anterior displacement of the accessory glands (90.2%, 37/41). The treatment plan of “antibiotic perfusion + aspiration and removal of obstruction (or aspiration after obstruction dissolution)+ postprandia massage along the direction of the parotid duct (from posterior to anterior) with multiple courses for consolidation”achieved favorable outcomes. The mean follow-up period of this group was(71.1+21.9)months, and no recurrence was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion CRP is more prevalent in young females and frequently presents with bilateral involvement. Congenital anatomical defects, such as abnormal enlargement of the main duct orifice and abnormal anterior displacement of the accessory glands, are important predisposing factors. The multi-course comprehensive therapy centered on antibiotic infusion, removal and dissolution of obstructions, and post-prandial massage along the direction of the parotid duct has significant therapeutic effects and deserves clinical application.

Objective:To analyze the influence factors of urinary tract infection after transurethral bipolar plasma enucleation of the prostate (TUPEP) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH), and the early predictive value of serum inflammatory indicators for postoperative urinary tract infection.Methods:A total of 300 patients with BPH who received TUPEP treatment in the Department of Urology, Kailuan General Hospital from January 2021 to August 2023 were selected, according to whether they had urinary tract infections after the operation, they were divided into infection group ( n=117) and non-infection group ( n=183). The clinical data of the two groups were collected, and the serum inflammatory indexes of the two groups were recorded within 24 hours after the operation, including white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil granulocyte (NE%), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), procalcitonin (PCT), heparin-binding protein (HBP), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and serum ferritin (SF). The differences of clinical data and serum inflammatory indexes between the two groups were analyzed. The measurement data of normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and independent sample t-test was used for inter-group comparisons. The measurement data of non- normal distribution were represented by median (interquartile range) [ M ( Q1, Q3)], and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for inter-group comparison. The count data were expressed as cases and percentage, and inter-group comparisons were conducted using the Chi-test. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explored the influencing factors of urinary tract infections in BPH patients after TUPEP surgery. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 medical plotting softwar to evaluate the predictive value of serum inflammatory markers and combined detection of multiple markers for early postoperative urinary tract infections. Results:The duration of disease, history of diabetes, international prostate symptom score (IPSS), prostate volume, preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, preoperative urine residual volume, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative catheter indwelling time, and hospitalization time in the infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group ( P<0.05). The preoperative 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level and maximum urinary flow rate were lower in the infection group than those in the non- infection group ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the course of the disease, history of diabetes, IPSS score, prostate volume, preoperative PSA level, preoperative urine residual volume, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative catheter indwelling time was positively correlated with urinary tract infection after TUPEP ( B=0.660, 0.242, 0.164, 0.125, 0.230, 0.066, 0.382, 0.022, 0.436, P<0.01), and preoperative 25OHD level and preoperative maximum urinary flow rate were negatively correlated with urinary tract infection after TUPEP ( B=-0.216, -0.372, P<0.01). The levels of hs-CRP, SAA, PCT, HBP, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, SF in the infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group ( P<0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of hs-CRP, SAA, PCT, HBP, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, SF in early predicting urinary tract infection after TUPEP in BPH patients were 0.697, 0.775, 0.902, 0.873, 0.884, 0.904, 0.917, 0.823, 0.906, 0.852, 0.807, 0.787. The AUC of the combined detection of multiple serum inflammatory markers was 0.972, the sensitivity and specificity were 93.18% and 96.63%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of multiple serum inflammatory markers were higher than those of separate detection. Conclusion:The course of BPH, whether to combine history of diabetes, preoperative IPSS score, prostate volume, preoperative PSA level, preoperative 25OHD level, preoperative maximum urinary flow rate, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative catheter indwelling time are influencing factors of urinary tract infection after TUPEP, hs-CRP, SAA, PCT, HBP, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, SF had certain value in the early prediction of urinary tract infection after TUPEP in patients with BPH, the combination of multiple indicators can improve the predictive value of early urinary tract infection.

Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)were isolated and cultivated from the intestinal contents of rabbits by MRS-CaCO3 solid medium.Identification was achieved through morphological observa-tion,Gram staining,physiological and biochemical characterisation,16S rDNA sequence analysis,and ERIC-PCR analysis.Strains displaying typical Lactobacilli characteristics were exanimated for their biological characteristics,resistance properties,adherence capacity in vitro,colonization abili-ty in vivo,and safety profile.In this study,a total of four strains of Lactobacillus reuteri were iso-lated from rabbits,all of which exhibited typical biological characteristics of LAB.These strains demonstrated inhibitory effects on common pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract,with the primary inhibitory substance being bacteriocin.Furthermore,they showed sensitivity to chlor-amphenicol,rifampicin,and erythromycin,and displayed a degree of tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions and high temperature.These stains were capable of successful colonization in rabbits with a higher degree of safety.This study lays a foundation for the development of LAB prepara-tions for the prevention and treatment of rabbit intestinal diseases.

Objective:To explore the technical focus of robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of horseshoe kidney combined with renal tumor.Methods:The clinical data of a patient with horseshoe kidney combined with renal tumor treated by robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University in September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched for all the literature on the use of robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy for the treatment of horseshoe kidney combined with renal tumor from the time of establishment to December 2022.Results:A total of 11 patients from 10 articles were retrieved and 12 patients were enrolled. Among the 12 patients, 4 cases used the retroperitoneal approach and 8 cases used the transperitoneal approach. Two cases were operated by traditional laparoscope, and the arteries were searched for and controlled before the robotic arm was placed to perform the partial nephrectomy and suture; and 10 cases were operated with the robotic-assisted laparoscopic approach throughout the whole procedure. Five cases of nephrectomy were performed on one side, and 7 cases were performed in the partial nephrectomy. Postoperative pathological diagnosis was clear cell carcinoma in 8 cases, chromophobe cell carcinoma in 1 case, eosinophilic cell carcinoma in 1 case, renal cell carcinoma in 1 case, and renal abscess in 1 case. The patient in the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University was 38 years old female who was admitted to the hospital with a fever. After CT arteriography and three-dimensional reconstruction, robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy of right kidney and isthmus dissecting was performed. During the operation, tumor trophoblast vessels were ligated and dissected one by one by using single-use tissue closure clips, and the isthmus was dissected using endoscopic cutting anastomosis on the left side of the tumor, with the tumor edges sharply resected and completely dissected. The operation time was 240 min, without thermal ischemia time, and the bleeding volume was about 300 ml. The patient recovered well after the operation, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was renal abscess.Conclusions:Robot-assisted laparoscopic treatment of horseshoe kidney combined with renal tumor is safe and effective, and has more advantages than traditional laparoscopic surgery. Preoperative CT arteriography or three-dimensional reconstruction examination should be applied to fully evaluate the variant vessels. The surgical access and plan should be decided according to the size and location of the tumor. The variant vessels should be properly handled during operation. The use of endoscopic cutting anastomosis to deal with the isthmus can be more conducive to the surgical operation.

Objective:To understand the thyroid function of the physical examination population in Tangshan area, and analyze the effects of thyroid function on blood lipids, fasting blood glucose (FPG), and serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D].Methods:A population from the Tangshan area who underwent physical examinations at the Kailuan General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 was selected as the study subjects and the levels of their thyroid serological indicators [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), triiodothyronine (TT3), and thyroid hormone (TT4)] were tested. According to thyroid function, they were divided into normal group, hyperthyroidism group, hypothyroidism group, subclinical hyperthyroidism group, and subclinical hypothyroidism group. We compared the blood lipid indicators [triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], FPG, and 25(OH)D levels in different subgroups, and the Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between TSH levels and blood lipids, FPG, and 25(OH)D levels.Results:In this study, 2 884 subjects were selected from the physical examination population in Tangshan area. The proportion of people with abnormal thyroid function was 12.03%(347/2 884), among which the proportion of subclinical thyroid function abnormal population in the total thyroid function abnormal population was 80.69%(280/347). As men age, the proportion of thyroid dysfunction in the age groups of 21-<30 years old, 30-<40 years old, 40-<50 years old, and ≥50 years old was 5.06%(4/79), 7.52%(33/439), 8.91%(53/595), and 9.95%(66/663), respectively. The proportion of thyroid dysfunction in the above age group of women was 14.02%(15/107), 15.06%(61/405), 15.47%(67/433), and 29.45%(48/163). The serum TG, TC, LDL-C, and 25(OH)D levels in the hyperthyroidism group were lower than those in the normal group, while HDL-C and FPG levels were higher than those in the normal group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The serum TG and TC in the hypothyroidism group were higher than those in the normal group, while FPG and 25(OH)D were lower than those in the normal group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). TSH levels were positively correlated with TC and LDL-C, while negatively correlated with FPG and 25(OH)D (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is the main cause of thyroid dysfunction in the Tangshan area, and TSH levels are correlated with blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, and serum 25(OH)D levels.

ObjectiveTo study the potential quality marker （Q-marker） of Tinosporae Radix associated with efficacy of "relieving sore throat" based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）， multivariate statistical analysis （MSA）， and network pharmacology. MethodUPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify the main chemical components in 18 batches of Tinosporae Radix. On this basis， principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） were employed to screen out the main marker components that caused differences between groups. Moreover， network pharmacology technology was applied to predict the potential "sore throat-relieving" components， and the molecular docking between the common components resulting from MSA and network pharmacology and the core targets was carried out to verify the marker components. ResultA total of 17 compounds， including alkaloids， diterpenoid lactones， and sterols， were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Five main differential components were found by MSA： Columbamine， jatrorrhizine， palmatine， menisperine， and columbin. Network pharmacology analysis yielded six compounds： tetrahydropalmatine， palmatine， menisperine， fibleucin， neoechinulin A， and columbin which were selected as potential "sore throat-relieving" components of Tinosporae Radix. They may relieve sore throat by acting on interleukin-6， epidermal growth factor receptor， prostaglandin G/H synthase 2， matrix metalloproteinase-9， proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src and other targets， and regulating Hepatitis B， influenza A， human T-cell virus infection， human cytomegalovirus infection， coronavirus disease-2019， and other signaling pathways. The common active components in Tinosporae Radix resulting from MSA and network pharmacology analysis were palmatine， menisperine， and columbin， which had high binding affinity with six core targets and can be used as the Q-marker components of Tinosporae Radix in "relieving sore throat". ConclusionThis study predicts the "sore throat-relieving" Q-marker of Tinosporae Radix， which lays a basis for developing the quality standard of Tinosporae Radix based on the efficacy and improving the quality evaluation system of the medicinal.

【Objective】 To explore the factors influencing the survival and prognosis of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) after surgical treatment, and to establish an artificial intelligence algorithm to predict the effects of different surgical regimens. 【Methods】 BUC patients treated with surgery during Jan.2007 and Jan.2019 in The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University and Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University were enrolled. The complete clinical and follow-up data were collected. Deep neural network (DNN) was used to establish an artificial intelligence algorithm model. A prediction model of survival and prognosis was established, and the influencing factors of survival were explored and ranked by the artificial intelligence algorithm. 【Results】 A total of 832 patients were involved, including 438 (52.64%) treated in The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, and 394 (47.36%) treated in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University. Of all cases, 579 (69.6%) were non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, and 253 (30.4%) were muscle invasive bladder cancer. Transurethral resection of bladder tumor was conducted in 539 (64.8%) cases, partial cystectomy in 66 (7.9%) cases, and total cystectomy in 227 (27.3%) cases. The data of patients treated in Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University were used for DNN modeling, and the data of patients treated in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University were used for external verification after modeling. Finally, it was concluded that the factors affecting survival and prognosis were T stage, pathological grade, hypertension or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, hemoglobin, blood calcium, smoking, albumin, lymphocytes, age, ratio of albumin/globulin, operation method, N stage, and creatinine clearance rate in descending order. The model could be used for preoperative prediction. 【Conclusion】 Through DNN modeling and external verification, the influencing factors of postoperative survival can be predicted for patients with bladder cancer, and the surgical effects can also be predicted before operation. The model can provide artificial intelligence algorithm support for the selection of surgical methods and postoperative follow-up plans.

Objective:To explore the risk factors involved in gastritis, gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (GIN) and gastric cancer in Shihezi area.Methods:A total of 7 110 Han nationality patients who underwent gastroscopy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine from January 2012 to December 2016 were selected as the research subjects. The data of patients were obtained through medical records and questionnaires. After excluding diseases related to esophagus and duodenum, a total of 4 429 cases were included in the retrospective analysis. Of which, 4 249 were gastritis, 93 were GIN, and 87 were gastric cancer. χ2 test, rank-sum test or Fisher exact probability method were used to analyze the differences of various factors in gastritis, GIN and gastric cancer. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen the risk factors for gastritis progression to GIN and gastric cancer. Results:χ2 test and rank sum test showed that there were statistically significant differences in gender, age, history of digestive diseases and distribution of Helicobacter pylori ( HP) infection among the groups of gastritis, GIN and gastric cancer ( P<0.05). The proportion of HP infection decreased gradually with the disease severity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male ( P<0.001, OR=2.251, 95% CI: 1.461-3.470), elderly ( P<0.001, OR=4.829, 95% CI: 2.241-10.409), a family history of gastric cancer ( P=0.002, OR=3.227, 95% CI: 1.537-6.774) and a history of digestive diseases ( P=0.034, OR=1.644, 95% CI: 1.037-2.607) were independent risk factors for gastritis progression to GIN. Male ( P<0.001, OR=3.254, 95% CI: 2.026-5.225), middle-aged ( P=0.022, OR=2.688, 95% CI: 1.153-6.265) and elderly ( P=0.002, OR=4.734, 95% CI: 1.750-12.807) were independent risk factors for gastritis progression to gastric cancer. In stratified analysis to exclude age and gender, smoking ( P=0.028, OR=4.060, 95% CI: 1.160-14.202) was found to be a risk factor for gastritis progression to GIN in young adults, and obesity ( P=0.032, OR=3.869, 95% CI: 1.121-13.356) was found to be a risk factor for gastritis progression to gastric cancer in women. Conclusion:The degree of HP infection in gastric tissues is negatively correlated with the severity of gastric diseases, suggesting that HP infection may be an early event inducing gastric cancer. Male, the elderly, people with a family history of gastric cancer and a history of digestive diseases, and young smokers in Shihezi are more likely to develop GIN, and male, middle-aged, elderly, and obese women are at increased risk of gastric cancer.

Objective:To investigate the clinical, neuropsychological and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) characteristics in patients with psychiatric symptoms caused by nitrous oxide abuse.Methods:Twelve patients with psychiatric symptoms caused by nitrous oxide abuse were enrolled from February 2018 to February 2020 in the Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital and the First Hospital of Tsinghua University.All patients were scored with the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA). The SPECT/CT images were collected with low-energy and high-resolution collimator.After the pictures were reconstructed, 18 brain regions were automatically sketched and calculated by Database Comparison software.The statistical value of the difference between the general mean value of each brain region and that of the corresponding region of interest in the same age group was estimated.Results:(1)The clinical manifestations of 12 patients were anxiety, depression, hallucination, delusion, and 7 patients were accompanied by cognitive decline.(2)Neuropsychological examination: BPRS score was 57.83±11.15 (anxiety depression factor was 3.94±0.47; lacking active factor was 3.25±0.85; thinking disturbance factor was 3.21±1.27; activity factor was 2.28±0.56; hostility factor was 3.14±1.24). The score of self-knowledge impairment was 2.92±1.08, the score of inability to work was 4.50±1.17, the score of HAMD was 32.75±10.13, the score of HAMA was 18.67±5.80, the score of MMSE was 27.67±2.50, and the score of MoCA was 24.58±3.78.(3)SPECT showed that compared with the general mean value of the corresponding regions of interest of normal people, the patients showed hypoperfusion in the frontal lobe (7 patients, 58.30%) and the temporal lobe (8 patients, 66.70%).Conclusion:Nitrous oxide abuse has an obvious effect on rCBF.The psychiatric symptoms include anxiety, depression, hallucination, delusion and so on, which affect the ability to work and learn.SPECT has important value in the diagnosis of nitrous oxide abuse, and indicates changes in local brain functional activity.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of absolute incidental prostate cancer (AIPCa) and pseudo-incidental prostate cancer (PIPCa).Methods:Between January 2013 and October 2019, 52 male patients who were diagnosed as incidental prostate cancer (IPCa) with their postoperative pathological examination in our center were included. None of them had any evidence of prostate cancer before. Their median age was 77.5(ranging 55-93) years old. 48 cases underwent PSA examination. The median tPSA was 6.7 (ranging 1-46) ng/ml, except 1 case tPAS>100ng/ml. The median IPSS score was 27.7(ranging 12-35). 48 cases accepted prostatic ultrasound examination. The median prostate volume was 38.6 (ranging 2.3-130.2)ml. Among them, 13 patients underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), 24 patients underwent transurethral enucleation and resection of the prostate(TUERP), 15 patients underwent radical cystoprostatectomy(RCP). According to the patients′ preoperative examination, AIPCa and PIPCa were redefined. Clinical characteristics, postoperative pathology and follow-up of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in age, IPSS score, tPSA, T stage and Gleason score between the operation methods groups except for prostate volume and resection ration of prostate ( P>0.05). Among those group, the sequence of prostatic resection ration was RCP>TUERP>TURP( P<0.001). There was no significant difference in age, IPSS score, prostate volume, proportion of T 1b and Gleason score between AIPCa and PIPCa groups. However, the analysis showed higher tPSA(14.68 ng/ml vs. 3.14 ng/ml) in PIPCa ( P<0.001). With a mean follow-up of 33 months(ranging 6-78 months), 23.8%(5/21) patients in AIPCa group and 45.2%(14/31) patients in PIPCa group were found to have increased PSA and underwent radical prostatectomy or androgen deprivation therapy in the follow-up. There was no metastasis or death in AIPCa group, while 2 patients had bone metastasis and 1 patient died of prostate cancer in PIPCa group. Conclusions:According to the indication of prostate biopsy, PIPCa and AIPCa were defined. PIPCa has a relatively poor prognosis, some of them may be missed diagnosis and clinical underestimation. In order to avoid missed diagnosis before operation, we should strictly define IPCa and follow the indications of biopsy, emphasize the reference value of PSA in tumor screening and biopsy, and careful handle the negative results of biopsy when PSA is abnormal.