The health of the human body is the result of the dynamic interplay between immunity and various microorganisms. Furthermore, the health of the mitochondrial grid determines the strength of immunity. Mitochondrial imbalance leads to the metabolic remodeling of intracellular nutrients, which accelerates the occurrence and development of tumors. The theory of yin and yang and the theory of visceral outward manifestation are the foundation and core of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, which guides the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM. Yang Qi is the driving force behind the metabolism and physiological functions of the human body; it is also the adenine nucleoside triphosphate produced efficiently by mitochondrial aerobic respiration. The main transport of spleen refers to the biological oxidation process of food in the mitochondria, and its normal function is closely related to the integrity of the mitochondrial structure and function of the cell. Therefore, warming yang and strengthening the spleen essentially means restoring the high production capacity of the mitochondria. Rebuilding damaged mitochondrial function, improving efficiency, and boosting the energy level of the neuro-endocrine-immune network are the key factors contributing to the body’s ability to resist disease and return to health.

The study was a prospective observational study. A total of 24 patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) at Haidian Hospital in Beijing from May 2024 to June 2024 were included as the study subjects. The safety and efficacy of a new single-needle dialysis in MHD patients were evaluated. The reasons for using single-needle dialysis included waiting for the maturity of internal fistula(7 cases, 29.17%), autogenous arteriovenous fistula thrombosis occurred (6 cases, 25.00%), puncture difficulty occurred (7 cases, 29.17%), and pain sensitivity or elderly (4 cases, 16.67%). The results showed that the average blood flow was (155.65±5.90) ml/min, total blood volume was (35.92±2.65) L during single-needle dialysis. One patient had slight puncture leakage, and the puncture success rate was 95.83%. Relevant indicators of dialysis adequacy showed that the average urea clearance (Kt/V) was 0.90±0.42, urea reduction ratio was 58.31%±7.93%, and online real-time Kt/V monitoring average value was 0.98±0.55. The results suggest that the application of the new improved single-needle dialysis mode in MHD patients is safe and effective.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a patient with Weiss-Kruszka syndrome (WSKA).Methods:A male patient presented with primary infertility for 1 year post-marriage, intellectual disability, and blepharoptosis at Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from October to December 2024 was selected as the study subject. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patient and his family members. Following extraction of genomic DNA, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital (Ethics No. 2023-R-010).Results:The patient, a 29-year-old male, had exhibited short stature, trigonocephaly, bilateral blepharoptosis, arched eyebrows, brachydactyly, redundant skin folds, webbed neck, hypertrichosis, mild intellectual disability, and speech impairment. WES revealed that he has harbored a de novo heterozygous frameshifting variant of the ZNF462 gene, namely c. 945_946del (p.T316Rfs*42). Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as pathogenic (PM2_Supporting+ PVS1+ PM6_Supporting). Conclusion:The ZNF462 c. 945_946del variant probably underlay the WSKA in this patient. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum of the ZNF462 gene.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a patient with Weiss-Kruszka syndrome (WSKA). METHODS: A male patient presented with primary infertility for 1 year post-marriage, intellectual disability, and blepharoptosis at Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from October to December 2024 was selected as the study subject. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patient and his family members. Following extraction of genomic DNA, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2023-R-010). RESULTS: The patient, a 29-year-old male, had exhibited short stature, trigonocephaly, bilateral blepharoptosis, arched eyebrows, brachydactyly, redundant skin folds, webbed neck, hypertrichosis, mild intellectual disability, and speech impairment. WES revealed that he has harbored a de novo heterozygous frameshifting variant of the ZNF462 gene, namely c.945_946del (p.T316Rfs*42). Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as pathogenic (PM2_Supporting+PVS1+PM6_Supporting). CONCLUSION The ZNF462 c.945_946del variant probably underlay the WSKA in this patient. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum of the ZNF462 gene.
Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Intellectual Disability/genetics* ; Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Exome Sequencing ; Mutation ; Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics* ; Blepharoptosis/genetics*

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a patient with Weiss-Kruszka syndrome (WSKA).Methods:A male patient presented with primary infertility for 1 year post-marriage, intellectual disability, and blepharoptosis at Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from October to December 2024 was selected as the study subject. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patient and his family members. Following extraction of genomic DNA, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital (Ethics No. 2023-R-010).Results:The patient, a 29-year-old male, had exhibited short stature, trigonocephaly, bilateral blepharoptosis, arched eyebrows, brachydactyly, redundant skin folds, webbed neck, hypertrichosis, mild intellectual disability, and speech impairment. WES revealed that he has harbored a de novo heterozygous frameshifting variant of the ZNF462 gene, namely c. 945_946del (p.T316Rfs*42). Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as pathogenic (PM2_Supporting+ PVS1+ PM6_Supporting). Conclusion:The ZNF462 c. 945_946del variant probably underlay the WSKA in this patient. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum of the ZNF462 gene.

Recent rapid developments in molecular biological techniques have allowed the use of gene editing,as a means of genome modification,for the establishment of experimental animal models,with high efficiency,accuracy,and flexibility.This article mainly summarizes the construction and application of the latest gene-editing techniques in animal models,including pigs,non-human primates and dogs.It provides a theoretical reference for the application and in-depth study of gene-editing techniques in large experimental animals,which may better simulate human diseases,and for further studies of the potential pathogenesis of biomedical and human complex diseases.

Recent rapid developments in molecular biological techniques have allowed the use of gene editing,as a means of genome modification,for the establishment of experimental animal models,with high efficiency,accuracy,and flexibility.This article mainly summarizes the construction and application of the latest gene-editing techniques in animal models,including pigs,non-human primates and dogs.It provides a theoretical reference for the application and in-depth study of gene-editing techniques in large experimental animals,which may better simulate human diseases,and for further studies of the potential pathogenesis of biomedical and human complex diseases.

The study was a prospective observational study. A total of 24 patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) at Haidian Hospital in Beijing from May 2024 to June 2024 were included as the study subjects. The safety and efficacy of a new single-needle dialysis in MHD patients were evaluated. The reasons for using single-needle dialysis included waiting for the maturity of internal fistula(7 cases, 29.17%), autogenous arteriovenous fistula thrombosis occurred (6 cases, 25.00%), puncture difficulty occurred (7 cases, 29.17%), and pain sensitivity or elderly (4 cases, 16.67%). The results showed that the average blood flow was (155.65±5.90) ml/min, total blood volume was (35.92±2.65) L during single-needle dialysis. One patient had slight puncture leakage, and the puncture success rate was 95.83%. Relevant indicators of dialysis adequacy showed that the average urea clearance (Kt/V) was 0.90±0.42, urea reduction ratio was 58.31%±7.93%, and online real-time Kt/V monitoring average value was 0.98±0.55. The results suggest that the application of the new improved single-needle dialysis mode in MHD patients is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)combined with immunosuppressants(IS)on immune rejection in a rat model of liver transplantation.Methods F344 rats were divided into Normal group(without any intervention),PS group(injected with an equal volume of normal saline),MSC group(injected with MSC),IS group(injected with IS),and MSC+IS group(injected with MSC and IS),with 8 rats in each group.For all rats except those in the Normal group,the Kamada's double-cuff method was used to establish a model of orthotopic liver transplantation,without reconstruction of the hepatic artery.HE staining and Masson staining were performed for rat liver tissue,and the degree of liver fibrosis was analyzed;immunohistochemical experiments were used to measure the infiltration of T cells and NK cells,and immunofluorescence assay was used to analyze macrophage M2 polarization.A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups,and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves,and the log-rank test was used for survival analysis.Results Compared with the PS group,the MSC+IS group had a significantly prolonged survival time(P＜0.01),and the MSC group,the IS group,and the MSC+IS group had a significant improvement in the histological structure of the liver and a significant reduction in the degree of liver fibrosis(all P＜0.000 1),as well as a significant reduction in the infiltration of NK and T cells(all P＜0.000 1)and a significant increase in the degree of macrophage M2 polarization(all P＜0.000 1).The MSC+IS group had a significantly better effect than the MSC group and the IS group.Conclusion MSCs combined with IS can improve liver histopathology,reduce inflammatory cell infiltration,promote macrophage M2 polarization,and exert an immunosuppressive effect in rats after liver transplantation.

Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment.However,irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear.The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved,impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes.Additionally,ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified.Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes.Indeed,clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years.Based on the current evidence of studies,this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions.The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods,their effects,limitations,the paradigm shift,current indications,and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed.This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication,thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control,standardizing clinical practice,and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.