Objective: To investigate the efficacy，safety and feasibility of regional lymph node dissection in laparoscopic radical surgery for bladder cancer under the guidance of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging. Methods: A total of 30 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (T2/T3NxM0) who volunteered to enter the clinical trial were randomly divided into the indocyanine green imaging guided laparoscopic regional lymph node dissection group (n=15) and the standard pelvic lymph node dissection group (n=15).The number of positive lymph nodes，operation time，intraoperative bleeding volume，incidence of lymph leakage，and tumor recurrence and metastasis rate 2-year after surgery were collected. Results: The number of positive lymph nodes was (4.20±1.66) and (4.60±1.72) respectively in the indocyanine green and standard groups，with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).There were no statistically significant difference in the tumor recurrence and metastasis rates 2-year after surgery between the two groups (P>0.05).However，the indocyanine green group had shorter operation time，less intraoperative bleeding volume，and lower incidence of lymphatic leakage than the standard group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging guided laparoscopic lymph node dissection has comparable clinical efficacy to standard lymph node dissection，but with fewer complications.

Human Respiratory Stem Cells (RSCs) play a crucial role in the maintenance, repair and regeneration of the respiratory system. As a novel therapeutic method, stem cell therapy is a popular research direction in the medical field. And with the in-depth research on the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory infections in recent years, the use of RSCs to explore pneumonia caused by respiratory infections and its therapeutic strategies has become a hot topic. In this paper, we firstly outlined the types of RSCs, summarized the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections, discussed the advantages of RSCs application and the progress of culture differentiation, and elaborated the therapeutic exploration of RSCs in pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), as a significant central nervous system damage disease with high frequency in the world, leads to a huge number of patients with impaired health and lower quality of life every year. Lung injury is a common and dangerous consequence, which dramatically raises the mortality of patients. Discovering the pathophysiology of lung injury after TBI and discovering viable therapeutic targets has become an important need for clinical diagnosis and therapy. Neurotransmitters, as the fundamental chemical agents of the nervous system for signal transmission, not only govern neuronal activity and apoptosis in TBI but also significantly influence the pathophysiological mechanisms of lung injury subsequent to TBI. The imbalance is intricately linked to the onset and progression of lung damage. This paper systematically reviews the clinical characteristics and predominant pathogenesis of lung injury following TBI, emphasizing the role of key neurotransmitters, including glutamate (Glu), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and acetylcholine (ACh), in lung injury post-TBI. It examines their influence on inflammatory response, vascular permeability, and pulmonary circulation function. Additionally, the paper evaluates the research advancements and potential applications of targeted therapeutic strategies for various neurotransmitter systems, such as receptor antagonists, transporter inhibitors, and neurotransmitter analogues. This research aims to offer a theoretical framework for clarifying the neural regulatory mechanisms of lung injury following TBI and to establish a basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and enhancement of the prognosis of the patients.
Humans ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/metabolism* ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism* ; Lung Injury/metabolism* ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism* ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism* ; Norepinephrine/metabolism* ; Dopamine/metabolism* ; Acetylcholine/metabolism*

Human Respiratory Stem Cells (RSCs) play a crucial role in the maintenance, repair and regeneration of the respiratory system. As a novel therapeutic method, stem cell therapy is a popular research direction in the medical field. And with the in-depth research on the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory infections in recent years, the use of RSCs to explore pneumonia caused by respiratory infections and its therapeutic strategies has become a hot topic. In this paper, we firstly outlined the types of RSCs, summarized the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections, discussed the advantages of RSCs application and the progress of culture differentiation, and elaborated the therapeutic exploration of RSCs in pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections.

Objective To verify the effectiveness of the"10S"management method in improving the efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy.Methods A controlled experiment was conducted to compare the expenditure on daily supplies,the environment of the place,the pharmacists'competence in pharmacy services,the quality and efficiency of the dispensing work,the error rate of dispensing,and the patients'satisfaction to the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy,using the period before the implementation of the"10S"management(January to July 2022)as the control group and the period after the implementation of the"10S"management(January to July 2023)as the experimental group.Results After the implementation of the"10S"management,the daily expenditure of the Chinese medicine pharmacy was reduced,the place was tidy and orderly,the pharmacists'competence in pharmacy services was significantly improved,the quality and efficiency of the dispensing work were significantly improved,the dispensing error rate was reduced,and the patients'satisfaction was further enhanced.The data showed that the dispensing time of the Chinese medicine pharmacy was reduced from(7.77±0.21)min to(6.64±0.27)min during the busy phase,and the average dispensing time was reduced from(32.44±1.32)min to(17.05±2.23)min during the busy phase.Conclusion The"10S"management method is recommended to be promoted in traditional Chinese medicine pharmacies to improve the efficiency and service quality of Chinese pharmacists.

Objective::Regarding the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there is great interest in preventing recurrent cardiovascular events (RCVEs). The prognostic importance of liver fibrosis scores (LFSs) has previously been reported in various CVDs. We hypothesized that LFSs might also be useful predictors for RCVEs in patients with prior cardiovascular events (CVEs). Herein, we aimed to evaluate the associations of LFSs with RCVEs in a large, real-world cohort of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with a prior CVE.Methods::In this multicenter prospective study, 6527 consecutive patients with angiography-diagnosed CAD who had experienced a prior CVE (acute coronary syndrome, stroke, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass grafting) were enrolled. LFSs were computed according to the published formulas: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) includes age, body mass index (BMI), impaired fasting glycemia or diabetes mellitus (DM), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio, platelets, and albumin; fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) includes age, AST, ALT, and platelets; Forns score includes age, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and platelets; BARD includes BMI, AST/ALT ratio, and DM; GGT/platelet ratio includes GGT and platelets; AST/ALT ratio includes AST and ALT; and AST/platelet ratio index includes AST and platelets. The originally reported cutoffs were used for the categorization of low-, intermediate-, and high-score subgroups. All patients were followed up for the occurrence of RCVEs (comprising cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and stroke). Cox and Poisson regression analyses were used to assess the relationship of baseline LFSs with the risk of RCVE.Results::During a mean follow-up of (54.67 ± 18.80) months, 532 (8.2%) RCVEs were recorded. Intermediate and high NFS, FIB-4, Forns, and BARD scores were independently associated with an increased risk of RCVE (hazard ratios ranging from 1.42 to 1.75 for intermediate scores and 1.35 to 2.52 for high scores). In the subgroup analyses of sex, age, BMI, DM, and hypertension status, the increased risk of RCVEs with high LFSs (NFS, FIB-4, Forns, and BARD) was maintained across the different subgroups (all P < 0.05). Conclusion::This study showed that LFSs are indeed independently associated with RCVEs, suggesting that LFSs may be used as novel tools for risk stratification in CAD patients with a prior CVE.

Objective::Regarding the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there is great interest in preventing recurrent cardiovascular events (RCVEs). The prognostic importance of liver fibrosis scores (LFSs) has previously been reported in various CVDs. We hypothesized that LFSs might also be useful predictors for RCVEs in patients with prior cardiovascular events (CVEs). Herein, we aimed to evaluate the associations of LFSs with RCVEs in a large, real-world cohort of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with a prior CVE.Methods::In this multicenter prospective study, 6527 consecutive patients with angiography-diagnosed CAD who had experienced a prior CVE (acute coronary syndrome, stroke, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass grafting) were enrolled. LFSs were computed according to the published formulas: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) includes age, body mass index (BMI), impaired fasting glycemia or diabetes mellitus (DM), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio, platelets, and albumin; fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) includes age, AST, ALT, and platelets; Forns score includes age, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and platelets; BARD includes BMI, AST/ALT ratio, and DM; GGT/platelet ratio includes GGT and platelets; AST/ALT ratio includes AST and ALT; and AST/platelet ratio index includes AST and platelets. The originally reported cutoffs were used for the categorization of low-, intermediate-, and high-score subgroups. All patients were followed up for the occurrence of RCVEs (comprising cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and stroke). Cox and Poisson regression analyses were used to assess the relationship of baseline LFSs with the risk of RCVE.Results::During a mean follow-up of (54.67 ± 18.80) months, 532 (8.2%) RCVEs were recorded. Intermediate and high NFS, FIB-4, Forns, and BARD scores were independently associated with an increased risk of RCVE (hazard ratios ranging from 1.42 to 1.75 for intermediate scores and 1.35 to 2.52 for high scores). In the subgroup analyses of sex, age, BMI, DM, and hypertension status, the increased risk of RCVEs with high LFSs (NFS, FIB-4, Forns, and BARD) was maintained across the different subgroups (all P < 0.05). Conclusion::This study showed that LFSs are indeed independently associated with RCVEs, suggesting that LFSs may be used as novel tools for risk stratification in CAD patients with a prior CVE.

Animal research of medical devices/medical materials is an essential part of preclinical safety and efficacy evaluation. Many questions should be taken in considerations when it comes to design and conduction animal research of medical devices/medical materials because of its uniqueness. This kind of research has widespread studying objects while has no universal standard method, and should be designed case-by-case. This article is aimed at serving as a reference for sponsors and researchers when performing preclinical safety and efficacy evaluation of medical devices/medical materials.
Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Equipment Design ; Equipment and Supplies

Objective: To study the predictive value of general movements(GMs) quality assessment technique(writhing movements)on the motor development outcome of high-risk infants, so as to provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the high-risk infants who were hospitalized in the Neonatal Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018, and the GMs quality assessment was finished and followed up to 12-month-old among high-risk infants.The clinical diagnostic criteria for patients with cerebral palsy and Peabody Development Motor Scales-2(PDMS-2)were used to evaluate the motor development outcome of 12-month-old high-risk infants.Furthermore, the predictive value of GMs writhing movements on the motor development outcome of high-risk infants were evaluated. Results: The predictive validity of writhing movements phase[cramped synchronized(CS)+ poor repertoire(PR)]for motor retardation and cerebral palsy in high-risk infants who met the inclusion criteria were as follows: the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value were 94.44%, 23.03%, 11.04%, 97.62% and 100%, 21.88%, 2.60%, 100%, respectively.The predictive sensitivity and negative predictive value of writhing movements PR for motor retardation and cerebral palsy were 92.31%, 100%; 98.18%, 100% respectively.The predictive sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value of writhing movements CS for motor retardation and cerebral palsy were 100%, 95.81%, 100% and 100%, 95.31% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion GMs quality assessment(writhing movements)has high reliability in predicting the motor development outcome of high-risk infants, especially cramped-synchronized has significant value in early screening of children with motor retardation and cerebral palsy.

Objective: To evaluate our replantation and functional reconstruction of amputated lower extremities. Methods: From February 2013 to October 2017, 13 patients with an amputated lower extremity were treated at Orthopaedic Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force. They were 10 males and 3 females, aged from 15 to 63 years (average, 39 years). In all the patients, large segmental shortening and extremity replantation was conducted at the first stage and Ilizarov extremity lengthening at the secondary stage. After desired extension was achieved, the frame of Ilizarov external fixator was removed and replaced by external fixation with a locking plate under closed reduction. Postoperatively, functions of the knee and ankle joints, sensory recovery of the foot sole, length and appearance of the extremity were observed. Results: All the 13 patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months (average, 16 months). All the limb replants survived well. Of them, 12 were satisfied with their weight-bearing walking and therapeutic outcomes. Conclusions For an amputated lower extremity, the first-stage shortening and replantation can result in fine extremity salvage and the secondary Ilizarov extremity lengthening can lead to fine therapeutic outcomes.