Objective To evaluate the levels and changes in occupational individual external radiation dose in non-medical nuclear utilization units in Nanning City, and to provide a basis for radiation protection in such units. Methods Thermoluminescent dosimeters were used to monitor individual radiation doses among radiation workers in 38 non-medical nuclear utilization units in Nanning City. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results From 2021 to 2023, a total of 3724 person-times were monitored in 38 non-medical nuclear utilization units in Nanning City. The mean annual effective dose was 0.101 mSv in 2021, 0.060 mSv in 2022, and 0.094 mSv in 2023, with a three-year average of 0.085 mSv, all well below the occupational exposure limit of 1.0 mSv. Significant differences in mean annual effective doses were observed across occupations and sexes (P<0.05). Female workers received significantly lower mean annual effective dose than male workers. Workers in the cement manufacturing industry had a significantly higher mean annual effective dose compared to those in government institutions and industrial flaw detection practitioners (F = 2.913, P<0.05). No significant differences were found among workers exposed to unsealed radioactive sources, sealed radioactive sources, and radiation-generating equipment (F = 0.585, P>0.05). Conclusion The occupational individual external radiation doses in non-medical nuclear utilization units in Nanning City are at low levels. There are no significant differences in mean annual effective dose across different nuclear utilization units. However, differences in occupational roles between males and females significantly affect the mean annual effective dose.

Objective: Uterine cancer (UC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women. This study assesses the global burden of UC from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study were used to analyze UC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries.Age-standardized rates were evaluated by age and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), with trends forecasted to 2036 using Bayesian models. Results: In 2021, the global incidence of UC reached 473,614 cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI]=4,29916–5,13667), with an age-standardized incidence rate of 5.41 per 100,000 (95% UI=4.90–5.87), showing an upward trend since 1990, particularly in high-SDI regions. However, the mortality rate in high SDI regions exhibited a declining trend, with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of −0.25 (95% confidence interval=−0.42 to −0.08). Although the number of deaths globally has increased, the age-standardized mortality rate has decreased compared to 1990 (EAPC: −0.85). The global age-standardized DALYs also show a downward trend, except in high SDI and low-middle SDI regions. The highest incidence was observed among individuals aged 70–74 in 2021. By 2036, new cases are projected to rise, though incidence, mortality, and DALYs are expected to decline. Conclusion Regional disparities in the global UC burden highlight the need for tailored strategies, especially in low-income countries, to reduce its impact.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in women and ranks as the fourth most common malignant tumor worldwide. Cervical histopathology is currently the primary diagnostic method for confirming the presence of CC. Tumor markers and imaging techniques play crucial roles in monitoring treatment effectiveness and prognostic follow-up. Unfortunately, these traditional examination methods are invasive and often lack sensitivity and accuracy. Therefore, there is a need for a less invasive and more sensitive test to facilitate early diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, and prognostic monitoring of CC. In recent years, liquid biopsy has been developed as a new detection method. It involves analyzing tumor components released into the peripheral circulation, such as cell-free RNA, circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells, tumor-educated platelets, and exosomes. Liquid biopsy offers advantages such as being less invasive, highly reproducible, and capable of real-time monitoring. Moreover, liquid biopsy can play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of CC, guiding targeted therapy, assessing prognosis, and evaluating treatment effectiveness.This review focuses on the value of liquid biopsy application in CC, detection markers, and detection methods. It also explores how liquid biopsy can be used in the detection, prognosis, and monitoring the progression of CC. The advantages and limitations of liquid biopsy in CC are analyzed to promote its application and improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

This study investigates angiotensin II (Ang II)’s regulatory mechanism on renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK) activity in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) during low potassium intake, focusing on the janus kinase 2 (JAK2) pathway activation mediated by the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Methods: Utilizing a low potassium diet mouse model, various methods including patch clamping, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining were applied to analyze ROMK channel activity and the expression of related proteins. Results: The findings reveal that Ang II inhibits ROMK activity in the DCT2 membrane through AT1R activation, with the JAK2 pathway playing a central role. Further, inhibiting JAK2 reverses this effect, indicating its potential in hypertension treatment. Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into the role of Ang II in renal potassium excretion and hypertension pathophysiology.

Objective:To conduct the genetic analysis of a family with one patient suffering from juvenile Parkinson's disease(JP)and discuss the clinical manifestations,genetic mutation characteristics,and treatment plans prompted by PRKN gene compound heterozygous mutations,and to enhance the clinicians'awareness of this disease.Methods:The clinical data of one patient with JP caused by PRKN gene mutations was analyzed,the clinical manifestations and genetic mutation features of the patient were summarized,and the related literatures were reviewed.Results:The patient,a 16-year-old male,was admitted to the hospital due to unstable gait,trembling limbs with rigidity in both lower limbs for three years.The examination results revealed a panic gait,clear consciousness,fluent speech,normal muscle strength in limbs,increased"gear-like"muscle tone in both upper limbs,and"lead-pipe"rigidity in both lower limbs;the sensory functions and tendon reflexes were normal.The head,neck,and thoracic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)results showed no abnormalities.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG)positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)results showed that the head size and shape were normal,the glucose metabolism in the left cerebellum and middle temporal gyrus was slightly decreased,and the glucose metabolism in bilateral thalami,right frontal lobe,parietotemporal lobe,and left medial frontal lobe was increased.The dopamine transporter(DAT)PET/CT results showed that there was no radioactive distribution in the brain cortex and the DAT distribution in the posterior part of both striata was decreased.The whole-exome sequencing results showed the patient had two PRKN gene mutations,such as codons c.8T>A and c.850G>C compound heterozygous mutations,and each mutation was from one parent;the patient's father carried the c.8T>A mutation,the patient's mother carried the c.850G>C mutation,and the patient's sister had the same genetic mutation site as the patient's father.Conclusion:PRKN gene compound heterozygous mutations may be the basis of the disease in this family.Identification of the mutation c.8T>A expands the mutation spectrum of the PRKN gene,and provides the valuable information for the research on the pathogenic genetic mutations of the JP patients.

Humans ; Aminoquinolines/therapeutic use* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics* ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Mutation/genetics* ; Standard of Care

Health security for rare diseases has aroused much attention in the society nowadays, In this article, we analyzed in-depth the construction of rare diseases health security in China by studying the literature reviews, expert interviews, and reports of pilot policy investigations. We conclude in the study that it is an important step to constructing a multiple health security system for the rare disease making the basic health security as the cornerstone. For rare medications and treatments that cannot be covered by the current national health insurance, it is necessary to build an specific funding for rare disease funding as a means of safeguard. Finally, for those who are financially disadvantages, the system should involve relief and philanthropy to help them. By constructing a multiple health security system, rare diseases patients in our country will get a well-covered health care.

Objective To analyze the disease burden status, trends and possible influencing factors of pancreatic cancer in Chengde of Hebei from 2010 to 2020, in order to provide theoretical basis for the preventionof pancreatic cancer. Methods Using the global burden of disease open database, the incidence rate, mortality, years of life lost (YLL), years of life lost with disability (YLD) and disability adjusted life year (DALY) of pancreatic cancer in the region are obtained,average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated using joinpoint model to test the trend of disease burden change of pancreatic cancer patients from 2010 to 2020. At the same time, the patient characteristics such as hypertension, diabetes and other categorical variables were set as dummy variables, and the risk factors affecting the mortality of patients with pancreatic cancer were analyzed by linear regression. Results In 2010, there were 15 new cases of pancreatic cancer and 13 deaths in Chengde District , Hebei Province. The YLLs caused by pancreatic cancer accounted for 70.67% of DALY. In 2020, there were 160 new cases of pancreatic cancer and 147 deaths in Chengde, Hebei Province. The YLLs caused by pancreatic cancer accounted for 96.02% of DALY. From 2010 to 2020, the incidence of pancreatic cancer increased by 9.79%, and the incidence rate increased by 7.81%, showing an obvious upward trend (APCC =2.20%, P<0.05); The number of deaths increased by 11.38%, and the mortality rate increased by 8.39%, showing an upward trend (APCC=2.81%, P<0.05). In addition, from 2010 to 2020, the DALY caused by pancreatic cancer increased by 20.10%, and the DALY rate increased by 309.41% (APCC=4.83); YLL increased by 7.94% and YLL rate increased by 210.42% (APCC=2.20); At the same time, YLD increased by 5.71% and YLD rate increased by 11.03% (APCC=2.32), showing an upward trend (P<0.05).The results of linear regression showed that diabetes (OR= 1.430,95% CI: 1.192-2.016), BMI > 28.0 and pancreatitis (OR=1.574 , 95% CI: 1.328-3.045) were all risk factors for death of patients with pancreatic cancer (OR>1) . Conclusion From 2010 to 2020, the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer among local residents in Chengde of Hebei showed an upward trend, and the disease burden was also increasing year by year. The basic diseases of diabetes and chronic pancreatitis increase the death risk and should be protected.

Objective:To study the levels and variation of equilibrium factor in indoor environment.Methods:A one-year continuous measurement of radon concentration and equilibrium equivalent radon concentration was carried out in an indoor office building of Nanning city. The effective data acquisition rates of radon gas and radon progeny were 99.9% and 86.7%, respectively.Results:The annual average activity concentration and equilibrium equivalent radon concentration in indoor environment were (50.9±20.7)and (15.5±10.1)Bq/m 3, both of which had the same diurnal and seasonal variation. The average annual value of equilibrium factor was 0.30±0.12, showing no obvious diurnal variation. The distribution of monthly mean value of equilibrium factor showed a similar trend to that of radon and radon progeny. The highest and the lowest value appeared in November and June, respectively, with 0.47±0.24 and 0.19±0.06. Conclusions:Due to the large variation range of monthly mean value of equilibrium factor in indoor environment, when annual effective dose of radon exposure was estimated based on radon gas concentration, attention should be paid to choose the quantity value of equilibrium factor and the uncertainty caused by the change of equilibrium factor should be considered.

Background:As one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for the treatment of various liver diseases,virgate wormwood herb (Artemisia capillaris Thunb.) has a long application history in TCM practices.It has been well established that the chemical composition is responsible for the pronounced therapeutic spectrum of A.capillaris.Although they are comprehensive,the time-intensive liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays cannot fully satisfy the analytical measurement workload from many test samples.Direct infusion-MS/MS (DI-MS/MS) may be the optimal choice to achieve high-throughput analysis if the mass spectrometer can universally record MS2 spectra.Methods:According to the application of gas phase ion fractionation concept,the MS/MSALL program enables to gain MS2 spectrum for each nominal m/z value with a data-independent acquisition algorithm via segmenting the entire MS1 ion cohort into sequential ion pieces with 1 Da width,when sufficient measurement time is allowed by DI approach.Here,rapid clarification of the chemical composition was attempted for A.capillaris using DI-MS/MSALL.A.capillaris extract was imported directly into the elec-trospray ionization interface to obtain the MS/MSALL measurement.After the MS1-MS2 dataset was well organized,we focused on structural characterization through retrieving information from the available databases and literature.Results:Twenty-six compounds were found,including 12 caffeoyl quinic acid derivatives,7 flavonoids,and 7 compounds belonging to other chemical families.Among them,24 ones were structurally iden-tified.Compared with the LC-MS/MS technique,DI-MS/MSALL has the advantages of low-costing,solvent-saving,and time-saving.Conclusions:Chemical profiling of A.capillaris extract was accomplished within 5 min by DI-MS/MSALL,and this technique can be an alternative choice for chemical profile characterization of TCMs due to its extraordinary high-throughput advantage.