BACKGROUND:Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis is a common oral disease with a high incidence.However,temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis is not easy to be detected in the early stage,and it is difficult to obtain clinical pathological specimens,so it is difficult to carry out related research.The application of digital 3D printing technology to animal models of Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis increases the consistency of the animal models,thus promoting the study of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:To establish a standardized animal model of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis using novel digital technology. METHODS:According to the different modeling methods of unilateral anterior crossbite,30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into traditional model group,digital model group,and control group(n=10 per group).Cartilage specimens of the condyles were collected at 4 and 8 weeks after modeling.The apparent morphology was observed by stereoscopic microscope.The pathological morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Safranin O/fast green staining.Changes in the expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were observed by ELISA,and changes in the expression of aggrecan,type Ⅱ collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-13 were observed by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different degrees of degeneration were observed in the digital and traditional model groups.The body mass of rats in both the model groups decreased during the 1st week after intervention and subsequently demonstrated growth trend and were significantly lower than that in the control group.The results of stereoscopic microscope showed that at 4 and 8 weeks after modeling,the deformation and defect degree of the digital model group was significantly higher than that of the traditional model group.At these two time points,the Osteoarthritis Research Society International scores of the digital model group and the traditional model group were higher than those of the control group,and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International score of the digital model group was higher than that of the traditional model group(P＜0.05).Histopathological observation showed that the modified Mankin score and Osteoarthritis Research Society International score of the two model groups were significantly higher than those of the control group of the same age at 4 and 8 weeks after modeling(P＜0.05).Immunohistochemical staining results showed that at two time points,compared with the control group of the same age,the expression of aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen decreased in the traditional model group and the digital model group,while the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 increased(P＜0.05).ELISA results showed that the expression levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the traditional and digital model groups were higher than those in the control group at 8 weeks,and the expression levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the digital model group were higher than those in the traditional model group(P＜0.05).To conclude,the personalized metal tube designed and produced by 3D printing technology can quickly guide the osteoarthritis-like lesions of the temporomandibular joint without repeated trial and adjustment,which is reproducible and suitable for promotion and application.

Purpose: Gastric cancer (GC) has high morbidity and mortality, the cure rate of surgical treatment and drug chemotherapy is not ideal. Therefore, development of new treatment strategies is necessary. We aimed to identify the mechanism underlying Sp1 regulation of GC progression. Methods: and Methods: The levels of Sp1, β-catenin, SET domain bifurcated 1 (SETDB1), and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The targets of SETDB1 were predicted by AnimalTFDB, and dual-luciferase reporter assay was used for confirming the combination of Sp1, β-catenin, and SETDB1. HGC27 or AGS cells (1×10 6 cells/mouse) were injected into mice via the caudal vein for GC model establishment. The level of Ki67 was detected using immunohistochemistry, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for evaluating tumor metastasis in mice with GC. Results: HPGD was inhibited, while the protein levels of Sp1, β-catenin, and SETDB1 were up-regulated in GC tissues and cell lines. HPGD overexpression or SETDB1 silencing inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells, and Sp1 regulated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells in a β-catenin-dependent manner. Furthermore, HPGD served as a target of SETDB1, and it was negatively regulated by SETDB1; additionally, Sp1 and β-catenin bound to the SETDB1 promoter and negatively regulated HPGD expression. We proved that Sp1 regulated GC progression via the SETDB1/HPGD axis. Conclusions Our findings revealed that Sp1 transcriptionally inhibited HPGD via SETDB1 in a β-catenin-dependent manner and promoted the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells.

Brucellosis is a kind of animal epidemic disease that can be transmitted to human beings through skin, mucous membrane, digestive tract, respiratory tract and other ways. In recent years, the incidence of brucellosis has increased. Its pathogenesis is relatively complicated. In addition to bacteria, toxins and other factors, genetic susceptibility has gradually attracted the attention of scholars. In this paper, we summarized the previous reports and reviewed the relationship between interleukin gene polymorphism and susceptibility to brucellosis.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of modified Zhuyujingkang decoction combined with glucosamine sulfate on cervical spondylosis and its influence on the serum level of thromboxane B2(TBX 2). Methods:From June 2017 to June 2019, 82 patients with cervical spondylosis in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan were selected, and they were divided into control group and observation group according to the random digital table method, with 41 cases in each group.The control group was treated with glucosamine sulfate, and the observation group was treated with modified Zhuyujingkang decoction on the basis of the control group.The course of treatment in both two groups was 4 weeks.The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared.The changes of VAS, NDI and TBX 2 before and after treatment were compared. Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.68%, which was higher than 70.73% of the control group(χ 2=6.609, P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score of the observation group was (3.82±0.42)points, which was lower than (4.52±0.38)points of the control group( t=8.479, P<0.05). The NDI score of the observation group was (22.31±2.68)points, which was lower than (27.39±1.89)points of the control group( t=9.919, P<0.05). The serum level of TBX 2 in the observation group was (57.84±3.19)ng/L, which was lower than (65.74±2.48)ng/L in the control group( t=12.519, P<0.05). Conclusion:The therapeutic effect of modified Zhuyujingkang decoction combined with glucosamine sulfate on cervical spondylosis is good.It can reduce the pain, improve the related function of neck and shoulder, and reduce the level of TBX 2, which is worthy of clinical reference.

Brucellosis is an zoonosis, humans can be infected by Brucella through skin, mucous membrane, digestive tract, respiratory tract and so on. In the past, most of them recorded the infection of brucellosis from animal to human, but rarely reported the transmission of brucellosis between humans. This paper retrospectively reviews previous reports describing the spread of brucellosis between humans.

Objective To establish a test of autoantibody-panel for the diagnosis of autoimmune cerebellitis (AC) and determine the prevalence of AC in patients with cerebellar ataxia of unknown etiology.Methods Autoantibody screening tests with indirect immunofluorescence were performed in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of 400 previously'idiopathic'Chinese patients with cerebral ataxia (inpatients and outpatients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital or referred from hospitals of Beijing Encephalitis Group from 2016 to 2018).Immunotherapy was given to autoantibody positive patients and the effectiveness of immunotherapy was assessed.Detailed AC autoantibodies panel included anti-glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibody,anti-Tr (delta notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER)) antibody,anti-zinc finger protein 4 (ZIC4) antibody,anti-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (ITPR1) antibody,anti-homer protein homolog 3 (Homer 3) antibody,anti-neurochondrin (NCDN) antibody,anti-carbonic anhydrase-related protein (CARP) antibody and anti-Purkinje cell antibody 2 (PCA2) antibody.Results Eight out of 400 (2％) ataxia patients were positive for this AC panel tests,of whom two were positive for anti-GAD65 antibody,two for anti-Tr antibody,one for anti-PCA2 antibody,one for anti-Homer 3 antibody and two were positive for serum anti-NCDN antibody.Autoantibodies against ZIC4,ITPR1 and CARP were not detected in this cohort.Two of the eight ataxia patients also presented with limbic encephalitis,and only one anti-GAD antibody patient was screened with underlying small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).All the eight patients received immunotherapy and four experienced partial response.Conclusions Autoimmune cerebellitis is the cause of acquired cerebellar ataxia.Tests of autoantibodies associated with AC have diagnostic value for paraneoplastic and non-paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia.Immunotherapy may yield partial response in patients with AC.

Objective To investigate the resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains to common antibiotics and to analyze the sites of genetic mutations carried by clarithromycin-resistant strains in order to provide reference for selecting sensitive antibiotics against H. pylori and for providing individualized treatment for patients in Changchun area. Methods Drug resistance of H. pylori clinical isolates to common antibiotics was detected by disk dilution method. The 23S rRNA genes of clarithromycin-resistant strains were amplified by PCR and then sequenced to analyze the presence of mutations. Results In this study, 69 strains of H. pylori were successfully isolated with a positive rate of 23. 1％ . Results of the drug susceptibility test to seven commonly used antibiotics showed that there were 52. 2％ of the isolates resistant to clarithromy-cin, 47. 8％ to tinidazole, 37. 7％ to levofloxacin, 33. 3％ to tetracycline hydrochloride, 30. 4％ to furazoli-done, 30. 4％ to metronidazole and 5. 8％ to amoxicillin. Amoxicillin could continue to be used as a first-line antimicrobial agent. Seven mutation sites were found in the 23S rRNA genes carried by the clarithromy-cin-resistant strains, which were A1821G, G1826A, T1830C, G1940A, A2143G, T2182C and A2223G. The A2143G site mutation accounted for 54. 2％ and was the predominant mutation resulting in the resistance to clarithromycin of H. pylori strains circulating in this area. Conclusions The H. pylori strains isolated from patients with gastroduodenal diseases in Changchun area had a high resistance rate to clarithromycin, which was mainly caused by the A2143G mutation in 23S rRNA gene.

BACKGROUND: Apical sealing ability is the key to ensure the long-term curative effect of root canal therapy. The post space preparation exposes some inevitable influence on root canal sealing ability, so how to minimize this effect becomes a hot spot.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of immediate or delayed post space preparation on the apical sealing ability of different root canal sealers.METHODS: Forty-eight extracted human premolar teeth were obtained, and the tooth crown was cut off. The samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=16 teeth per group). Group A underwent the immediate post space preparation; group B underwent the delayed post space preparation; group C without the post space preparation. Then all groups were subdivided into two groups, and then were filled with the gutta-percha/AH-Plus (groups A1, B1 and C 1)or the gutta-percha/mineral trioxide aggregate (groups A2, B2 and C2). The depth of apical dye penetration was measured using pressure-driven system. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the apical microleakage between groups A1 and B1, A2 and B2, C1 and C2 (P > 0.05). The apical microleakage in the group A1 was significantly higher than that in the group A2, and the group B1 also showed higher apical microleakage than the group B2 (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that either immediate or delayed post space preparation exposes little influence on the apical microleakage after root canal filling with gutta-percha/mineral trioxide aggregate, which exhibits better apical sealing ability than the AH-plus.

Objective To investigate the distribution of cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and the polymorphism of EPIYA motifs in patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases in Changchun area of China and to evaluate the association between EPYIA motifs patterns and gastrointestinal diseases.Methods Hp strains were isolated from clinical samples.Their cagA gene was analyzed by PCR and sequencing analysis.Nucleotide sequence of cagA gene was translated into amino acid sequence by using DNAMAN software,and then the amino acid sequence was imported into software MEGA6.0 for multiple comparisons and construction of a phylogenetic tree.Results A total of 60 Hp strains were isolated and identified from gastric mucosa specimens collected from 298 patients.Hp infection was not correlated with patient's age or sex (P>0.05).The isolation rate of Hp in peptic ulcer disease (PUD) group was higher than that in non-peptic ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) group (P<0.05).Of the 60 Hp strains,90% (54/60) carried cagA gene.Twenty-three out of 26 successfully sequenced strains (88.4%) were East Asian-type including 22 containing EPIYA-ABD motif and one containing EPIYA-ABBD motif.The other three strains (11.6%) were Western type including two carrying EPIYA-ABC motif and one carrying EPIYA-BC motif.Results of the phylogenetic tree showed that the sequences of cagA gene were clustered into two groups,East Asian-type and Western-type groups.East Asian-type strains caused no disease cluster of statistical significance.All Western-type Hp strains were isolated from patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD).Four mutant Hp strains were detected in the PUD group and the amino acid mutations preferentially occurred in the EPIYA-B segment.Conclusion The positive rate of Hp cagA gene is 90% in this region.Its distribution is not related to the type of gastrointestinal diseases.EPIYA-ABD (84.6%,22/26) is the predominant EPIYA motif.The amino acid mutation of EPIYA-B segment is closely related to peptic ulcer disease.Neither significant change in the sequence of 3' region of Hp cagA gene nor regional difference is observed in those Hp strains circulating in Changchun area of China.