To evaluate the therapeutic effect of baicalein topical preparation on atopic dermatitis, we first constructed two atopic dermatitis-like mouse models induced by calcipotriol and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene to assess their therapeutic effect with skin tissue staining and other experiments. It was found that topical preparation of baicalein could alleviate epidermal thickening of diseased skin tissues, repair damaged skin barrier proteins, and inhibit T helper 2 cells (Th2) infiltration and mast cell infiltration and activation in lesional sites. Cyberpharmacology was utilized to analyze whether baicalein could treat atopic dermatitis by interfering with multiple pathogenesis-associated pathways. Results indicated that baicalein reduced the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and STAT1 proteins in keratinocyte cells. Together, the topical preparation of baicalein may be effective in alleviating atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by down-regulating the phosphorylation level of NF-κB in keratinocytes, thereby decreasing the expression of inflammatory factors in keratinocytes, which provides an idea and a theoretical basis for the topical preparation of baicalein for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis.

To investigate the effects of Wogonin (WO) on learning and memory impairment, Aβ1-42 was injected intracerebroventricularly to induced a mouse learning and memory impairment model, and D-galactose was injected intraperitoneally to induced a mouse acute aging model. Mice were administered WO (75, 150, or 300 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 28 consecutive days. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM), novel object recognition (NOR), and open field tests (OFT). In the Aβ1-42 model, WO treatment (150 and 300 mg/kg) significantly improved the recognition index in the NOR test, while the 150 mg/kg group showed increased target quadrant preference in the MWM test. No changes in the total distance traveled in OFT. In the D-galactose aging model, the 150 mg/kg WO group exhibited increased platform crossings in the MWM test, and all WO doses (75, 150, and 300 mg/kg) enhanced target quadrant preference, with no alterations in spontaneous movement. Western blot analysis revealed that WO significantly attenuated hippocampal apoptosis in both models. These findings suggest that WO ameliorates learning and memory impairment associated with Alzheimer’s disease and aging.

Oroxylin A (OA) is a natural flavonoid primarily derived from the plants Oroxylum indicum and Scutellaria baicalensis. Currently, OA is obtainable through chemical synthesis and exhibits polypharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and multi-organ protective effects. The first-in-class drug OA tablets are presently undergoing phase Ib/IIa clinical trials for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Substantial evidence suggests that OA demonstrates therapeutic potential against various hepatic and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including HCC, hepatic fibrosis, fatty liver disease, hepatitis, liver injury, colitis, and colorectal cancer (CRC). OA exerts its therapeutic effects primarily by modulating several crucial signaling pathways, including those associated with apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, glucolipid metabolism, and fibrosis activation. The oral pharmacokinetics of OA is characterized by phase II metabolism, hydrolysis, and enterohepatic recycling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the critical stages involved in the development of OA tablets, presenting a holistic perspective on the progression of this first-in-class drug from preclinical to clinical phases. It encompasses the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological efficacy, toxicology, drug delivery, and recent advancements in clinical trials. Importantly, this review examines the potential mechanisms by which OA may influence the gut-liver axis, hypothesizing that these interactions may confer health benefits associated with OA that transcend the limitations posed by its poor bioavailability.
Humans ; Flavonoids/pharmacokinetics* ; Tablets ; Animals ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/drug therapy* ; Liver Diseases/drug therapy* ; Drug Development ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Scutellaria baicalensis/chemistry*

Objective To explore the relevant relationship and specificity between the implicit and explicit loyalty of military cadets in order to provide a theoretical basis and objective indicators for a more comprehensive and objective assessment for individual loyalty.Methods E-Prime 2.0,a classic implicit association paradigm was employed to construct an implicit association loyalty test for 64 military cadets.Simultaneously,an explicit loyalty measurement was conducted using the Chinese Military Personnel Loyalty Scale.Results ① Significant implicit effect was observed in the loyalty assessment of military cadets,indicating a general tendency to perceive higher levels of personal loyalty and lower levels of loyalty to external entities.② Explicit loyalty assessment revealed that the participants had the highest loyalty score towards the Party,the Nation,and the People(4.79±0.34),followed by the loyalty score to their profession(4.38±0.53),and the relatively lower loyalty score towards the unit and leaders(4.03±0.83).Among the 3 dimensions of loyalty,the normative loyalty score ranked highest,while continuance loyalty score took lower.③ There were no correlations among the scores of loyalty to the Party,the Nation,and the People(r=-0.030,P=0.823),to the profession(r=-0.047,P=0.728),to the unit(r=0.050,P=0.710),or to the leaders(r=0.043,P=0.749).Conclusion The implicit effect in the loyalty assessment is significant in military cadets,and there is no significant correlation between explicit and implicit loyalty measurements.Thus,we cannot rely solely on explicit measurements to assess their loyalty attitudes.

Objective:To compare the effects of unilateral thoracic paravertebal block with lidocaine on hemodynamic and the level of consciousness during double lumen endotracheal intubation.Methods:From June to october 2021,a total of 40 patients American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)physical status Ⅰ-Ⅱ,aged 19-65 years,scheduled for elective thoracic sugeries in Peking University Interna-tional Hospital block with under general anesthesia requiring orotracheal intubation were recruited and di-vided into two groups:The double-lumen endobronchial intubation(group C)and double-lumen endo-bronchial intubation after thoracic paravertebal block with lidocaine(group P).After an intravenous an-esthetic induction,the orotracheal double-lumen intubation was performed using a Macintosh direct laryn-goscopy,respectively.Invasive blood pressure(BP)and heart rate(HR)were recorded before and after anesthetic induction,immediately after intubation and 5 min after intubation with 1-minute interval and the intubation time was also noted.Rate-pressure product(RPP)were calculated.Results:After anes-thetic induction,BP and RPP in the two groups decreased significantly compared with their preinduction values.As comparison with their postinduction values,the orotracheal intubation in the two groups caused significant increases in BP,HR and RPP.Diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)increased significantly and lasted for 1-minute in group C compared with the baseline values.Systolic blood pressure(SBP)was not significant change and DBP increased significantly immediately af-ter intubation in group P.HR of both groups after intubation were significantly higher than their baseline values and lasted for 4 min in group C,HR increased significantly immediately after intubation in group P.SBP,DBP,MAP,HR and RPP after intubation in group P were significantly lower than those of group C during the observation period.The value of BIS was similar between the two groups.Compared with group C,the incidence of SBP greater than 30％and RPP greater than 22 000 was significantly lower in group P in the observation period,and no patient in group P developed RPP greater than 22 000.At the end of the incidence of SBP less than 30％of the basal value and HR less than 30％of the baseline,no severe bradycardia occurred in both groups.Conclusion:During double-lumen endobronchial intubation,unilateral thoracic paravertebal block with lidocaine can provide less hemodynamic response and level of conscionsness.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of Young's modulus obtained by real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) for liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients. Methods A total of 75 AIH patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to April 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Scheuer scoring system was used to evaluate degrees of liver fibrosis (S0-S4). By using pathological examination of liver tissues as the golden standard, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of SWE for the significant fibrosis (≥S2), advanced liver fibrosis (≥S3), and liver cirrhosis (S4), respectively. Independent sample t test was used for comparison of continuous data with normal distribution between the two groups. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups and Bonferroni method was used for further comparison between two groups. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis. The logistic regression analysis was used to predict the impact factors in diagnosis accuracy. Results The Young's modulus measured by SWE was statistically significant different among various fibrosis groups ( H =35.186, P < 0.001) although there was no statistical significance in patients' age and platelet, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and glutamyl transpeptidase levels (all P > 0.05). The Young's modulus measurement was positively correlated with liver fibrosis ( r =0.675, P < 0.05). The AUCs of SWE in the diagnosis of≥S2, ≥S3, and S4 were 0.839, 0.820 and 0.898, respectively and the corresponding optimum cut-off values were 9.2, 10.9, and 14.4 kPa, respectively. The overall concordance rate of the liver Young' s modulus measurements vs . fibrosis stages was 57.33%. Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase level was an independent predictor for diagnostic accuracy of SWE for stage 0-1 fibrosis ( OR =1.009, 95% CI : 1.001-1.018, P =0.029). Conclusion The SWE possessed a diagnosis value for the significant fibrosis (≥S2), advanced liver fibrosis (≥S3) and liver cirrhosis (S4), although there was a low overall concordance rate in the liver Young's modulus measurements obtained using SWE vs. fibrosis stages.

The extremely low bioavailability of oral paclitaxel (PTX) mainly due to the complicated gastrointestinal environment, the obstruction of intestinal mucus layer and epithelium barrier. Thus, it is of great significance to construct a coordinative delivery system which can overcome multiple intestinal physicochemical obstacles simultaneously. In this work, a high-density PEGylation-based glycocholic acid-decorated micelles (PTX@GNPs) was constructed by a novel polymer, 9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-polyethylene glycocholic acid (Fmoc-PEG-GCA). The Fmoc motif in this polymer could encapsulate PTX via π‒π stacking to form the core of micelles, and the low molecular weight and non-long hydrophobic chain of Fmoc ensures the high-density of PEG. Based on this versatile and flexible carriers, PTX@GNPs possess mucus trapping escape ability due to the flexible PEG, and excellent intestine epithelium targeting attributed to the high affinity of GCA with apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. The in vitro and in vivo results showed that this oral micelle could enhance oral bioavailability of PTX, and exhibited similar antitumor efficacy to Taxol injection via intravenous route. In addition, oral PTX@GNPs administered with lower dosage within shorter interval could increase in vivo retention time of PTX, which supposed to remodel immune microenvironment and enhance oral chemotherapy efficacy by synergistic effect.

Objective: To investigate the neural connections between Shenmen (HT7)-heart and the brain by observing the tracing viruses co-labeled brain nuclear groups after injection of the pseudorabies viruses (PRV), the reverse transsynaptic virus tracer carrying different fluorescent protein genes, into the myocardium and Shenmen (HT7) point, respectively.Methods: Pseudorabies virus 531 (PRV531) carrying the green fluorescent protein gene and pseudorabies virus 724 (PRV724) carrying the red fluorescent protein gene were injected into the left ventricular wall and Shenmen (HT7) point area of the left forelimb of six C57BL/6 mice, respectively. After 120 h, whole brain tissue was extracted under 4％ paraformaldehyde perfusion to prepare brain sections. Neuronal co-labeling with the tracing viruses was observed under fluorescence microscopy. Results: Co-labeled signals from the mouse ventricular wall and Shenmen (HT7) point region were found at all levels of the mouse central nervous areas, such as the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The number of co-labeled neurons was higher in the primary motor area, the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, the subceruleus nucleus, and the paramedian reticular nucleus. Conclusion: There is a neural connection between Shenmen (HT7), the heart, and the brain, which may be most closely related to the autonomic nervous system.

Objective:To explore the early and medium-long term outcomes of steatosis donor liver transplantation(LT)for an optimal clinical application.Methods:From January 2015 to December 2020, this retrospective cohort study was conducted jointly at Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University and First Hospital of Jilin University. The relevant clinicopathological and follow-up data were collected from 1535 LT recipients. For comparison, propensity score was utilized for case-control matching of steatosis and non-steatosis donor livers. According to presence or absence of liver steatosis, the recipients were divided into two groups of steatosis donor liver (n=243) and non-steatosis donor liver (n=1292). And 1∶1 propensity score matching was made for two groups. Then early and medium-long term outcomes of two groups were examined. Counts were described as absolute numbers. Kaplan-Meier method was employed for calculating survival time and plotting survival curve and Log-rank test for survival analysis. COX regression model was utilized for univariate and multivariate analyses. Based on basic metabolic disease pre-LT, steatosis donor liver recipients were divided into three subgroups: BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 with hypertension or diabetes (n=21), BMI<25 kg/m 2 and no hypertension or diabetes (n=130) and other recipients (n=92). A comparative study was performed for determining the prognosis of subgroups according to the different characteristics of recipient and donor liver. Results:No significant inter-group difference existed in 2-year survival post-LT ( P=0.174). However, significant inter-group difference in survival existed after 2 years post-LT ( P=0.004). And 3/5-year survival rate of steatosis donor liver was 66.4% and 44.2% respectively. Both were significantly lower than those of non-steatosis donor liver. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that steatosis donor liver and male recipients were independent risk factors for prognosis >2 years survival post-LT( P=0.008, P=0.004). Subgroup analysis of steatosis liver donors showed that the prognosis of patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 with hypertension or diabetes was significantly worse than other subgroups (BMI <25 kg/m 2 with no hypertension or diabetes and other recipients) <2 years survival post-LT ( P=0.029, P=0.043). Conclusions:Steatosis donor liver does not affect early survival of recipients, yet reduces medium-long term survival rate of recipients notably. In steatosis donor liver recipients, early survival rate declines markedly in recipients with preoperative BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 with hypertension or diabetes as compared with BMI <25 kg/m 2 with no hypertension or diabetes group.

Objective:To compare the outcomes of the total mandibular inferior border ostectomy and the T-shape genioplasty for chin narrowing combined with mandibular contouring and to assess the indications of the total mandibular inferior border ostectomy.Methods:In this retrospective study, the clinical data were collected from the patients who received mandibular contouring and chin narrowing at the Department of Orthognathic and Temporomandibular Joint Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University from January 2015 to January 2019. According to the surgical procedure, patients were divided into Total inferior border ostectomy (Group I) and T-shaped genioplasty combined with mandibular contouring (Group II). Computed tomography scans, combined with medical records and photographs, were collected preoperatively and in the final follow-up postoperatively. Lower facial height, chin width, chin symmetry, facial proportions as well as patients’ satisfaction and complications were investigated to assess the clinical outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD, and the counting data were expressed as case (%). T-test was performed to compare the age difference, average satisfaction score and the relative measurements between the two groups. Pearson’s chi squared test was used to compare the sex composition ratio and complication ratio between the two groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:102 patients were involved in this study, including 42 patients in group I, 7 males and 35 females; 60 patients in group Ⅱ, 11 males and 49 females. All patients improved lower facial contours. No severe complications were observed during the follow-up period(6~24 months) Regarding appearance satisfaction, 30 cases were very satisfied, 11 cases were satisfied, and 1 case was neutral in group I. 43 cases were very satisfied, 15 cases were satisfied, and 2 cases were neutral in group II. There was no significant difference ( P >0.05) between group I and group II in age, sex, inferior lip numbness, hematoma, severe swelling, infection, soft tissue ptosisand appearance satisfaction.There was a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.01) in preoperative lower facial height [(63.05±4.15) mm vs. (52.87±4.07) mm], Preoperative lower and midfacial height ratio [(107.89±3.11) % vs. (91.29±7.94) %], and preoperative chin width and lower facial height ratio [(90.31±3.19) % vs. (104.32±5.28) %], chin width change [(12.11±2.59) mm vs. (8.39±1.89) mm], postoperative chin deviation [(0.17±0. 09)mm vs. (0.36±0.20) mm] and Postoperative chin width and lower facial height ratio [(76.80±1.85) % vs. (80.95±3.75) %]. No statistical difference ( P>0.05) was found in preoperative chin deviation, midfacial height, postoperative lower facial heigh, postoperative lower and midfacial height ratio. Conclusion:In conclusion, compared to T-shape genioplasty combined with mandibular contouring, total mandibular inferior border ostectomy had a large amount of chin narrowing and better postoperative symmetry and is well suited for a longer, wider, and more asymmetrical chin. The surgical options should be considered and chosen quantitatively to achieve aesthetically satisfactory results.