OBJECTIVE To explore optimization pathways for the drug traceability code management model in outpatient pharmacy workflows， providing practical evidence for enhancing the efficiency of pharmaceutical service. METHODS Taking the outpatient pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University as the research subject， a comprehensive drug traceability system was established through three key interventions： upgrading the information system architecture [including integration of the hospital information system （HIS） with the traceability platform]， workflow optimization （reorganizing the inventory-dispensing-verification tripartite process）， and designing a dual-mode traceability data collection mechanism （primary data capture at dispensing stations and supplementary capture at verification stations）. Operational efficiency differences before and after implementation were analyzed using the medical insurance data and service timeliness metrics in September 2024. RESULTS After the implementation of drug traceability code management， in terms of data collection: Mode Ⅰ （verification-stage capture） uploaded 26 144 records， while Mode Ⅲ （inventory-as-sales capture） uploaded 443 061 records， totaling 469 205 entries； in terms of time efficiency： average drug dispensing time increased from 28.74 s to 43.37 s （enhanced by 51%）. Through dynamic staffing adjustments， patient wait time only extended from 8.04 min to 8.67 min （enhanced by 8%）. CONCLUSIONS Drug traceability code management can be effectively implemented via a “system reconstruction-process reengineering-human-machine collaboration” trinity strategy， leveraging informatization （e.g.， dual-mode data capture） to offset manual operation delays， which validates the feasibility of balancing national traceability demands with service efficiency in outpatient pharmacies.

OBJECTIVE To study the safety of Shuangshu decoction in rats and its efficacy in improving functional dyspepsia （FD） in rats. METHODS In safety test， 40 rats were divided into blank control group， Shuangshu decoction low-dose， medium- dose and high-dose groups [108， 216， 324 g/（kg·d）， calculated by raw medicine， the same applies below]； they were given relevant medicine intragastrically， for continuous 14 days. The mortality and toxic reactions of rats were recorded， and the organ indexes of the liver， kidney， spleen， lung and heart of rats were calculated； the pathological morphological changes in the liver， kidney， spleen， lung， heart， stomach， duodenum， and colon were observed to evaluate the acute toxicity of Shuangshu decoction. Another 40 rats were grouped and administered in the same way for 30 consecutive days. The mortality and toxic reactions of the rats were recorded， and the corresponding organ indexes were calculated. The pathological morphological changes in the corresponding organs were observed， and blood routine and serum biochemical indicators were measured， in order to assess the subacute toxicity of Shuangshu decoction. In pharmacodynamic experiments: 50 rats were divided into blank control group， model group， and Shuangshu decoction low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （9.45， 18.9， 37.8 g/kg）， with 10 rats in each group. Except for blank control group， rats in all other groups were used to establish the FD rat model by subcutaneous injection of loperamide （3.5 mg/kg）. Rats in each group were administered the corresponding drug solution/normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 14 consecutive days. After the last medication， fecal moisture content， intestinal propulsion rate， gastric emptying rate and serum level of motilin were all detected， and interstitial cell of Cajal （ICC） ultrastructure of rats was observed in colon tissue. RESULTS The safety experiments showed that no death occurred in each dose group， and no significant difference was found in organ coefficient， routine blood and serum biological index， compared to blank control group （P＞0.05）； no abnormality was found in organ appearance and pathological sections. The results of the pharmacodynamic experiments showed that， compared with the blank control group， the fecal moisture content， gastric emptying rate， intestinal propulsion rate， and serum motilin levels in the model group were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）； in the colonic tissue， the mitochondria in the ICC exhibited severe swelling with the disappearance of cristae， and the endoplasmic reticulum was dilated. Compared with model group， the rats in Shuangshu decoction high-dose group showed significant increases in the above quantitative indicators （P＜ 0.05）； additionally， there was a large number of mitochondria in the ICC of the colonic tissue， with clear cristae and regular arrangement. CONCLUSIONS Shuangshu decoction is safe and has a beneficial improving effect on FD rats； its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of gastrointestinal hormone expression to promote gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion， as well as the repair of mitochondrial structure in ICCs to restore gastrointestinal function.

AIM: To compare the effects of different nucleus chopping methods on the central corneal thickness, corneal endothelial cell(CEC)count and tear inflammatory indicators in patients with hard nucleus cataract.METHODS: Retrospective study. Totally 89 patients(89 eyes)with hard nucleus cataract who treated in our hospital were included from January 2020 to December 2022. According to different intraoperative nucleus chopping methods, the patients were divided into reverse prechop group(46 eyes)and phaco-chop group(43 eyes). The total effective rate of surgery and visual acuity recovery were compared between the two groups. Corneal related indicators(central corneal thickness, CEC count, CEC area), tear inflammatory indicators and tear film function [tear film break-up time(BUT), Chinese Dry Eye Questionnaire(CDEQ), Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt)] were observed before and after surgery in both groups, and the degree of corneal edema was evaluated.RESULTS: The effective phaco time, phaco energy and cumulative complex energy parameters in the phaco-chop group were longer or higher than those in the reverse prechop group(P<0.05). The macular retinal thickness in the reverse prechop group at 7 d and 1 mo after surgery was thinner than that in the phaco-chop group, the central corneal thickness at 3 and 7 d after surgery was also thinner than that in the phaco-chop group, the CEC count at 3 mo after surgery was more than that in the phaco-chop group, the CEC loss rate was lower than that in the phaco-chop group, and the CEC area at 3 mo after surgery was smaller than that in the phaco-chop group(P<0.05). The levels of tear TNF-α and IL-6 at 7 d and 1 mo after surgery in the reverse prechop group were lower than those in the phaco-chop group(P<0.05). The BUT at 1 and 3 mo after surgery was longer in the reverse prechop group than that in the phaco-chop group(P<0.05). The CDEQ score in the reverse prechop group was lower than that in the phaco-chop group at 1 and 3 mo after surgery(P<0.05). The SⅠt at 1 and 3 mo after surgery was higher in the reverse prechop group compared with that in the phaco-chop group(P<0.05). The degree of corneal edema at 1 d after surgery was milder in the reverse prechop group than that in the phaco-chop group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared with phaco-chop, the application of reverse-chopper prechop combined with phacoemulsification can better reduce the ultrasonic energy in the treatment of hard nuclear cataract, and it is more conducive to reducing the postoperative inflammatory degree, improving the tear film function and relieving the corneal edema degree.

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of small-incision horizontal space nuclear splitting surgery and phacoemulsification combined with regional refractive multifocal intraocular lens(MIOL)implantation in the treatment of hard nuclear cataract.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed for 288 patients(288 eyes)with hard nuclear cataract who admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023, and they were divided into control group(144 eyes treated with phacoemulsification and regional refractive MIOL)and observation group(144 eyes treated with small-incision horizontal space nuclear splitting surgery and regional refractive MIOL)according to different treatment methods. The operation time, pre- and post-operative best corrected visual acuity, astigmatism, central corneal thickness, corneal endothelial density, tear film function, and complications were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:There was no difference in operation time between the two groups(P>0.05). There was no difference in the preoperative and 3 mo postoperative best corrected visual acuity(all P>0.05), and the best corrected visual acuity of the two groups at 3 mo postoperatively was improved compared with the preoperative level(all P<0.05). There were differences in central corneal thickness, corneal endothelial density and astigmatism between the two groups at 1 wk and 3 mo after surgery(all P<0.05). There were differences in breakup time(BUT)and ocular surface disease index(OSDI)scores between the two groups at 1 wk after surgery(all P<0.001), and the incidence of complications in the observation group(4.2%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(18.1%; P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Both surgical methods can effectively treat patients with hard nuclear cataracts, and small-incision horizontal space nuclear splitting surgery combined with regional refractive MIOL implantation has less corneal damage and fewer complications.

Phase Ⅰ clinical trials play a crucial role in the research and development of new drugs, serving as the initial studies to assess their safety, tolerability, effectiveness, and pharmacokinetic properties in humans. These trials involve uncertainties regarding safety and efficacy. Comprehensive management of all aspects of phase Ⅰ clinical trials for anti-tumor drugs is crucial to protect the rights and safety of participants. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the key points and precautions necessary for effective quality control throughout the process. The analysis is informed by guidelines such as the “Good Clinical Practice for Drugs” “Key Points and Judgment Principles for Drug Registration Verification” “Key Points and Judgment Principles for Supervision and Inspection of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions” and the standard operating procedures for quality control of the center. Topics discussed include informed consent, inclusion criteria, experimental drugs, biological samples, adverse events, and serious adverse events. The goal is to standardize quality control in phase Ⅰ clinical trials of anti-tumor drugs, ensure the authenticity and reliability of clinical trial data, and protect the rights and safety of participants.

Objective: Based on spinopelvic parameters and biomechanical principles, the pedicle-facet joint (PFJ) morphological characteristics of isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis were analyzed, and the mechanism of their onset and progression was discussed. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 194 patients with L5 spondylolysis or L5–S1 low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS group), 172 patients with L4–5 degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS group), and 366 patients with nonlumbar spondylolysis (NL group). The spinopelvic parameters and PFJ morphological parameters of the patients were measured, the differences in these parameters among and within the 3 groups were compared, and the correlations were analyzed. Results: Sacral slope (SS) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were the highest in the IS group, the second highest in the DS group, and the lowest in the NL group. Among the 3 groups, the L4 facet joint angle (FJA) was the largest in the IS group, the second largest in the NL group, and the smallest in the DS group. The L4 pedicle-facet joint angle (PFA) was the largest in the DS group, the second largest in the IS group, and the smallest in the NL group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that within each group, SS and LL were negatively correlated with FJA and positively correlated with PFA. Conclusion This study found a correlation between the PFJ morphological characteristics of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis and spinopelvic parameters, suggesting that the morphological characteristics of PFJs may be caused by varying stresses under different spinopelvic morphologies.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are the most common complication in patients with osteoporosis.As a new imaging technique,spine magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is much more sensitive than X-ray film in the diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.However,total spine MRI is costly and takes a long time to scan.Therefore,there is no consensus on whether all patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures need to undergo total spine MRI scan and which patients need to undergo total spine MRI. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distribution characteristics of vertebral fractures and explore their clinical significance by observing the whole spine MRI data of osteoporotic vertebral fractures patients. METHODS:Data of cases and MRI images of all patients diagnosed with fresh osteoporotic vertebral fractures who visited the Department of Orthopedics,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from August 2018 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.903 patients were included in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.General information(age,gender,and body mass index),medical history characteristics(duration of illness,history of trauma surgery,percussion pain area,and pain score)were collected.The characteristics of vertebral fractures were analyzed through whole spine magnetic resonance imaging.Firstly,based on the number of vertebral fractures in patients,they were divided into the single vertebral fracture group(484 cases)and the multi-vertebral fracture group(419 cases),and the differences were analyzed between the two groups.Then,based on whether the farthest interval between the fractured vertebrae was greater than or equal to 5,the multi vertebral fracture group was further divided into two subgroups.Among them,Group A(the farthest interval between the fractured vertebrae was less than 5)contained 306 cases;Group B(with the farthest interval between fractured vertebral bodies greater than 5)included 113 cases.The differences were analyzed between two subgroups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Among 903 patients,419 patients(46.4%)had more than two fractured vertebrae.There were 654 patients(72.4%)with thoracolumbar fractures,and 54 patients(6%)with fractures in the thoracic plus lumbar region and the entire thoracic to lumbar region.In group B,96.5%of patients had multiregional percussion pain.(2)Compared with the patients in the single vertebral fracture group and the multi-vertebral fracture group,there were significant differences in bone mineral density,whether the medical history was greater than or equal to 1 month,the history of low energy injury,and the distribution and number of axial percussion pain areas in the spine during physical examination between the two groups(P<0.05).Age,gender,body mass index,whether there was underlying disease,pain visual analog scale score,whether there was a history of elderly thoracolumbar fracture,and whether there was a history of thoracolumbar surgery,and the number of fractured vertebrae had no statistical significance(P>0.05).(3)There were statistically significant differences between the Groups A and B in bone mineral density,the distribution and quantity of percussion pain area,and the history of low energy injury(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in age,gender,history of old fractures,visual analog scale score,body mass index,whether the medical history was longer than or equal to 1 month,history of underlying diseases,and history of thoracolumbar surgery between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)Patients with multiple low-energy trauma history,history of more than 1 month,multiple percussion pain,and the lower bone mineral density should be alert to the occurrence of multiple vertebral fracture and jump fracture.We recommend the whole spinal MRI for these patients.

Objective: To analyze the epidemilogical and seasonal characteristics of foodborne Salmonella-associated diarrhea among children aged 0-6 years in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods: Data were extracted from the Foodborne Disease Survellance System for cases reported between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2023. The incidence, seasonal characteristics, and peak periods were analyzed by the method of concentration and circular distribution. Results: A total of 6 434 cases of diarrhea in children aged 0-6 years were collected, and 455 cases of Salmonella were detected, with a positive detection rate of 7.07%. Salmonella typhimurium was the main serotype causing diarrhea (59.34%). The peak of the disease was from May 3 to September 30, with certain seasonal characteristics. The highest detection rate was found in children aged 1-3 years (8.66%). Among food types, the positive detection rates of Salmonella were relatively high in other foods (17.39%), fruits and their products (10.22%), infant and toddler foods (10.09%), and aquatic animals and their products (9.80%). The processing and packaging methods of food were mainly home-made (9.38%) and bulk food (7.54%). Conclusions The detection rate of Salmonella in children aged 0-6 years is high in Guizhou Province, with strong seasonal characteristics. The detection rates of other foods, fruits and their products, infant and toddler foods, and aquatic animals and their products are high. Enhanced pathogen surveillance for susceptible populations and high-risk foods, coupled with public health education during summer/autumn, is recommended.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨环化自erb-b2受体酪氨酸激酶2（ERBB2）基因的circ_0007766分子在前列腺癌（PCa）细胞中的作用及缺氧对其表达调控的影响。方法：qRT-PCR检测circ_0007766分子在PCa细胞及组织中的表达；分别转染circ0007766的siRNA至PCa细胞DU145和PC3中，平板克隆实验、CCK-8实验和Transwell 实验检测circ_0007766敲低对PCa细胞克隆形成、增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响；厌氧袋法建立DU145和PC3细胞的缺氧细胞模型，WB法检测缺氧通路关键分子HIF-1α的蛋白表达，qRT-PCR检测缺氧模型细胞中circ_0007766分子的表达，WB检测RNA结合蛋白真核翻译起始因子4A3（EIF4A3）的蛋白水平表达，RNA免疫沉淀（RIP）法检测缺氧条件下EIF4A3与circ_0007766的结合，qRT-PCR进一步检测缺氧条件下敲低EIF4A3对circ_0007766表达的影响。结果：circ_0007766在PCa细胞（P < 0.01）及PCa组织（P < 0.05）中呈高表达；敲低circ_0007766（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）能显著抑制PCa细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力（均P < 0.01）。缺氧条件下HIF-1α蛋白表达增加，表明缺氧细胞模型建立成功。qRT-PCR检测结果显示，相较于常氧组，缺氧组circ_0007766的表达显著升高（P < 0.01），WB法检测结果显示缺氧组细胞中EIF4A3 的蛋白表达增强。RIP实验结果显示，circ_0007766在EIF4A3富集组高度富集（P < 0.01）。qRT-PCR检测结果显示，缺氧可显著促进circ_0007766的表达，同时，敲低EIF4A3分子可显著降低缺氧诱导的circ_0007766的表达（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）。结论: circ_0007766在PCa细胞中扮演着促癌分子的角色，其表达形成与缺氧条件下EIF4A3分子的调控有关。

Objective: Based on spinopelvic parameters and biomechanical principles, the pedicle-facet joint (PFJ) morphological characteristics of isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis were analyzed, and the mechanism of their onset and progression was discussed. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 194 patients with L5 spondylolysis or L5–S1 low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS group), 172 patients with L4–5 degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS group), and 366 patients with nonlumbar spondylolysis (NL group). The spinopelvic parameters and PFJ morphological parameters of the patients were measured, the differences in these parameters among and within the 3 groups were compared, and the correlations were analyzed. Results: Sacral slope (SS) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were the highest in the IS group, the second highest in the DS group, and the lowest in the NL group. Among the 3 groups, the L4 facet joint angle (FJA) was the largest in the IS group, the second largest in the NL group, and the smallest in the DS group. The L4 pedicle-facet joint angle (PFA) was the largest in the DS group, the second largest in the IS group, and the smallest in the NL group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that within each group, SS and LL were negatively correlated with FJA and positively correlated with PFA. Conclusion This study found a correlation between the PFJ morphological characteristics of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis and spinopelvic parameters, suggesting that the morphological characteristics of PFJs may be caused by varying stresses under different spinopelvic morphologies.