Abstract Bisphenol S is commonly utilized in the industry as a substitute for bisphenol A．However，numerous studies have indicated that bisphenol S also exhibits a wide range of toxicity．Bisphenol S has been found to cause adverse effects on the nervous system，endocrine system，reproductive system，etc．，with more extensive studies on the reproductive system．Specifically，bisphenol S exposure causes a decrease in sperm count，decreases motility and increases malformations，and decreases testosterone levels in males; on the other hand，bisphenol S exposure causes a significant reduction in ovarian volume and relative weight，affectes oocyte quality，decreases gonadotro- pins follicle-stimulating hormone，and luteinizing hormone in females．The mechanisms by which bisphenol S af- fects the body are complex and varied，involving oxidative stress，cell death，and epigenetic modifications．Nota- bly，the reproductive toxicity of bisphenol S varies in different studies．As a result，this paper reviews the reproduc- tive toxicity of bisphenol S and its underlying mechanisms．