Objective To analyze the development trends,research status,and hotspots in the field of gut microbiota and cognitive dysfunction from 2015 to 2025,providing a more comprehensive reference for researchers in this field and exploring cutting-edge research directions.Methods Liter-ature in relevant research fields was retrieved from the WoSCC database.Bibliometric and visualiza-tion analyses were conducted using VOSviewer,CiteSpace,ScimangoGraphica,and the R package"bibliometrix".Results A total of 665 eligible English articles were retrieved from the WoSCC data-base.The analysis revealed that the number of publications has shown an increasing trend annually since 2018.China and the United States had the leading roles globally in terms of the number of pub-lications and collaborative relationships.Huazhong University of Science and Technology are the most influential research institution in this field,with NUTRIENTS(IF=4.8)being the journal with the highest number of publications,and KIM D H ranking first in outstanding contributions and influ-ence.Keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated that"neuronal apoptosis","SCFAs","synaptic dysfunction",and"dementia prevention"were the research hotspots in this field.Furthermore,trend analysis revealed that short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),important metabolites of gut microbiota,insulin resistance,and neuroinflammation were the research frontiers in this field,highlighting insulin resistance as a mediating hub in microbiota-cognition research.Additionally,traditional Chinese medicine interventions(such as electroacupuncture)were identified as an emerging characteristic direction in this field.Conclusion Through bibliometric research,the current status and develop-ment trends of gut microbiota and cognitive dysfunction research are analyzed from multiple perspec-tives in the paper.Comprehensive insights into the cutting-edge dynamics of this research field are provided,offering valuable references for further in-depth research by more scholars in this area.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis(Huangqin)in ameliorating postoperative cognitive dysfunction in surgical patients through network pharmacology approaches combined with experimental validation.Methods Network pharmacology was used to screen the relevant targets and pathways of Huangqin in relation to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,followed by molecular docking to verify the affinity of core components with key targets.HT22 cell line of mouse hippocampal neurons was cultured,and an inflammation injury model was induced by LPS stimulation.Huangqin was selected for intervention treatment,divided into five groups:control group,model group,low-dose Huangqin group(10 μmol/L),medium-dose Huangqin group(50 μmol/L),and high-dose Huangqin group(100 μmol/L).After co-culturing for 24 h,the expression of key target proteins HIF1A,MAPK1(ERK2/p-ERK2),and SIRT1 were detected by Western blotting,and the mRNA expression of these proteins was measured by qRT-PCR.Results A total of 27 active components of Huangqin were screened by network pharmacology,corresponding to 379 targets,with 220 disease targets related to POCD,resulting in 35 intersecting genes.Molecular docking results showed that components like baicalein and oroxylin A had strong affinity with targets such as HIF1A,MAPK1,and SIRT1.In vitro experimental results indicated that baicalein significantly downregulated the expression and transcription levels of HIF1A and MAPK1(ERK2/p-ERK2),while upregulating the expression and transcription levels of SIRT1,effectively improved the inflammatory response in HT22 cells and reduced neuronal damage.Conclusion The traditional Chinese medicine Huangqin can reduce the occurrence and development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction by improving the expression of key proteins,controlling inflammatory responses,and protecting neuronal function.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis(Huangqin)in ameliorating postoperative cognitive dysfunction in surgical patients through network pharmacology approaches combined with experimental validation.Methods Network pharmacology was used to screen the relevant targets and pathways of Huangqin in relation to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,followed by molecular docking to verify the affinity of core components with key targets.HT22 cell line of mouse hippocampal neurons was cultured,and an inflammation injury model was induced by LPS stimulation.Huangqin was selected for intervention treatment,divided into five groups:control group,model group,low-dose Huangqin group(10 μmol/L),medium-dose Huangqin group(50 μmol/L),and high-dose Huangqin group(100 μmol/L).After co-culturing for 24 h,the expression of key target proteins HIF1A,MAPK1(ERK2/p-ERK2),and SIRT1 were detected by Western blotting,and the mRNA expression of these proteins was measured by qRT-PCR.Results A total of 27 active components of Huangqin were screened by network pharmacology,corresponding to 379 targets,with 220 disease targets related to POCD,resulting in 35 intersecting genes.Molecular docking results showed that components like baicalein and oroxylin A had strong affinity with targets such as HIF1A,MAPK1,and SIRT1.In vitro experimental results indicated that baicalein significantly downregulated the expression and transcription levels of HIF1A and MAPK1(ERK2/p-ERK2),while upregulating the expression and transcription levels of SIRT1,effectively improved the inflammatory response in HT22 cells and reduced neuronal damage.Conclusion The traditional Chinese medicine Huangqin can reduce the occurrence and development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction by improving the expression of key proteins,controlling inflammatory responses,and protecting neuronal function.

Objective To construct and validate a predictive model for the risk of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)after lower extremity orthopedic surgery.Methods Clinical records of hospital-ized patients who underwent lower extremity orthopedic surgery in Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2017 to October 2019 were collected.The univariate and multivariate analysis with the backward stepwise method were applied to screen variables and build a nomogram prediction model,and the performance of the nomogram was evaluated with respect to its discriminant capabili-ty,calibration ability,and clinical utility.Results A total of 5 773 hospitalized patients with ortho-pedic surgery of lower extremity were included in the study,with the incidence of DVT of 0.9％.Through single factor and multi-factor stepwise regression analysis,5 variables were selected from 31 variables to construct the prediction model,including age,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentra-tion(MCHC),D-dimer,platelet distribution width(PDW),and thrombin time(TT).The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve showed that areas under the ROC curve in the training and vali-dation cohort were 0.859 and 0.857,respectively.The model had good calibration ability and clini-cal practicability.Conclusion The DVT risk prediction model constructed in this study has good dif-ferentiation ability,calibration ability and clinical practicability,which is helpful for doctors to classi-fy DVT patients after lower extremity orthopedic surgery and formulate early treatment plan.

Objective To construct and validate a predictive model for the risk of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)after lower extremity orthopedic surgery.Methods Clinical records of hospital-ized patients who underwent lower extremity orthopedic surgery in Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2017 to October 2019 were collected.The univariate and multivariate analysis with the backward stepwise method were applied to screen variables and build a nomogram prediction model,and the performance of the nomogram was evaluated with respect to its discriminant capabili-ty,calibration ability,and clinical utility.Results A total of 5 773 hospitalized patients with ortho-pedic surgery of lower extremity were included in the study,with the incidence of DVT of 0.9％.Through single factor and multi-factor stepwise regression analysis,5 variables were selected from 31 variables to construct the prediction model,including age,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentra-tion(MCHC),D-dimer,platelet distribution width(PDW),and thrombin time(TT).The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve showed that areas under the ROC curve in the training and vali-dation cohort were 0.859 and 0.857,respectively.The model had good calibration ability and clini-cal practicability.Conclusion The DVT risk prediction model constructed in this study has good dif-ferentiation ability,calibration ability and clinical practicability,which is helpful for doctors to classi-fy DVT patients after lower extremity orthopedic surgery and formulate early treatment plan.

Objective To evaluate the left ventricle geometry shape and left heart regional function in mitral insufficiency (MI) by quantitative tissue velocity imaging (QTVI) and the left ventricle systolic and diastolic geometry spbericity index. Methods Thirty normal subjects and 62 MI patients underwent QTVI and color Doppler imaging (CDFI) were enrolled in this study in order to measure the left ven-tricular geometry shape and left ventrieular regional function along LV apical long-axis view. Off-line LV regional velocity images along LV apical long-axis view were synchronously obtained. Peak tissue velocities of LV regional muscular tissue during systole(Vs),systolic acceler-ation(a), early diastole(Ve), LA contraction(Va)were synchronously measured as the index of left ventricular regional systolic and dias-tolic function. The left ventricle geometry shape index were reflected from the systolic and diastolic geometry sphericity index (SIs and Sid) and the left ventrieular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the peak D and peak a (PVd/PVa) of pulmonary veins flowing spectrum reflected the global left ventricular function index. The Vs, Ve, Va, a, PVd/PVd ratio, LVEF, SIs, SId were recorded and their correlation between normal subjects and patients with MI were compared. Result Vs, Ve,Va,a,PVd/ PVa ratio,SIs,SId in patients with MI were significantly re-duced. There was positive relation between Sis and a(r=0.602)and Ve/Va and SId(r=0.635). Conclusion There was negative rela-tion between regional cardiac function and LV spberieity, the higher cardiac function was accompanied with the lower SI.