Objective:To evaluate a novel self-designed elbow flexion-extension axis guide that is easy to operate, accurately positioned, and X-ray-free.Methods:This study collected the elbow joint CT scans from 60 normal adults [40 males and 20 females with an age of (38.1±9.3) years] at Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Xiamen between September and December 2024. The scan images were imported into 3D modeling software for systematic measurement of key anatomical parameters of the distal humerus. The structural design of a novel elbow flexion-extension axis guide was completed based on these measurements, combined with the anatomical data of the distal humerus reported in 6 relevant articles between January 2008 and December 2024 retrieved from the CNKI and PubMed databases. After physical models of the distal humerus from the 60 healthy adults were fabricated using 3D printing technology, they were divided into 2 even groups: a guide-assisted group ( n=30) where the positioning needle was inserted with the assistance of the elbow flexion-extension axis guide and a conventional group ( n=30) where the positioning needle was inserted freehand. The entry deviation, exit deviation, inter-axial angle, inter-axial distance, operation time, and fluoroscopic verifications in positioning of elbow flexion-extension axis were compared between the 2 groups. Results:The guide-assisted group demonstrated significantly smaller values than the conventional group in entry deviation [(1.52±0.70) mm versus (2.29±1.00) mm], exit deviation [(2.83±1.49) mm versus (4.95±1.63) mm], inter-axial angle (3.46°±0.93° versus 6.45°±1.21°), and operation time [(92.0±17.0) s versus (509.5±42.3) s] (all P<0.05). The conventional group required an average of (10.7±2.1) fluoroscopic verifications, while the guide-assisted group eliminated radiation exposure. No statistically significant difference was observed in the inter-axial distance between the 2 methods in positioning of elbow flexion-extension axis ( P>0.05). Conclusion:As the novel self-designed elbow flexion-extension axis guide can improve accuracy in positioning the elbow flexion-extension axis without requiring fluoroscopy, it significantly shortens intraoperative positioning time, and is handy to use.

Objective:To evaluate a novel self-designed elbow flexion-extension axis guide that is easy to operate, accurately positioned, and X-ray-free.Methods:This study collected the elbow joint CT scans from 60 normal adults [40 males and 20 females with an age of (38.1±9.3) years] at Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Xiamen between September and December 2024. The scan images were imported into 3D modeling software for systematic measurement of key anatomical parameters of the distal humerus. The structural design of a novel elbow flexion-extension axis guide was completed based on these measurements, combined with the anatomical data of the distal humerus reported in 6 relevant articles between January 2008 and December 2024 retrieved from the CNKI and PubMed databases. After physical models of the distal humerus from the 60 healthy adults were fabricated using 3D printing technology, they were divided into 2 even groups: a guide-assisted group ( n=30) where the positioning needle was inserted with the assistance of the elbow flexion-extension axis guide and a conventional group ( n=30) where the positioning needle was inserted freehand. The entry deviation, exit deviation, inter-axial angle, inter-axial distance, operation time, and fluoroscopic verifications in positioning of elbow flexion-extension axis were compared between the 2 groups. Results:The guide-assisted group demonstrated significantly smaller values than the conventional group in entry deviation [(1.52±0.70) mm versus (2.29±1.00) mm], exit deviation [(2.83±1.49) mm versus (4.95±1.63) mm], inter-axial angle (3.46°±0.93° versus 6.45°±1.21°), and operation time [(92.0±17.0) s versus (509.5±42.3) s] (all P<0.05). The conventional group required an average of (10.7±2.1) fluoroscopic verifications, while the guide-assisted group eliminated radiation exposure. No statistically significant difference was observed in the inter-axial distance between the 2 methods in positioning of elbow flexion-extension axis ( P>0.05). Conclusion:As the novel self-designed elbow flexion-extension axis guide can improve accuracy in positioning the elbow flexion-extension axis without requiring fluoroscopy, it significantly shortens intraoperative positioning time, and is handy to use.

Objective:To study the minimally invasive fixation with virtual self-designed screws between the iliac plates for acetabular posterior column fractures and compare the differences between genders.Methods:The CT data were collected from the 80 patients with normal pelvis who had undergone pelvic CT scan due to physical examination or trauma at Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Xiamen from June 2021 to June 2022. There were 40 males and 40 females with an age of (45.0±12.4) years. The virtual screws between the minimally invasive iliac plates were designed with design software after 3D modeling. The insertion point, screw length, screw diameter, angle between the screw and the coronal plane of the pelvis, angle between the screw and the sagittal plane of the pelvis, angle ε between the screw and the anterior edge bone crest line of the greater sciatic notch, and bone channel volume were measured. Comparisons of the above data were made between genders. Results:The insertion point of the screw between the minimally invasive iliac plates was located between the anterior superior iliac spine and the iliac tubercle nodule, going toward the area between the ischial spine and the small ischial notch. The screw length was (139.64±8.46) mm, the screw diameter (8.95±1.16) mm, and the bone channel volume (51.91±10.77) cm 3. The screw length [144.34±7.58) mm], screw diameter [9.50±0.98) mm], angle between the screw and the sagittal plane of the pelvis (31.14°±2.74°), and bone channel volume [(57.82±8.82) cm 3] for males were significantly larger than those for females [(134.95±6.48) mm, (8.40±1.07) mm, 26.72°±2.74°, and (46.01±9.22) cm 3], while the angle between the screw and the sagittal plane of the pelvis [(35.74°±3.85°) mm] and angle ε between the screw and the anterior edge bone crest line of the greater sciatic notch (11.96°±4.57°) for males were significantly smaller than those for females (36.89°±2.96° and 14.17°±5.15°) (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Fixation with screws between the iliac plates provides a new treatment for acetabular posterior column fractures, because the screws can be placed percutaneously in a minimally invasive manner or antegradely. The screw length, screw diameter, angle between the screw and the sagittal plane of the pelvis, and bone channel volume for males are significantly larger than those for females, while the angle between the screw and the sagittal plane of the pelvis and the angle between the screw and the anterior edge bone crest line of the greater sciatic notch for males are significantly smaller than those for females. Therefore, the angles between the iliac plate screw and the sagittal and coronal planes of the pelvis should be adjusted according to gender in screw placement.

Objectives To explore the relationships between the current physical exercise behaviors and psychological factors of middle school students,so as to provide scientific evidence for improving health education and carrying out targeted health intervention measures.Methods The Multi-stage stratified sampling and cluster sampling method was adopted to choose 3600 students from 12 junior and senior middle schools in Hangzhou,Wuhan and Xi'an.The date was collected using the adolescent physical exercise behavior-psychological measurement scale(Chinese version).The structural equation model was built to explore the relationships between psychological factors(including the change of strategy,decision balance positive effect,decision balance negative effect and self-efficiency)and physical exercise.Results The change of strategy has biggest effect on physical exercise behaviors,with the standardized direct effect value of 0.344.The standardized direct effect value of decision balance negative effect,decision balance positive effect and self-efficiency were 0.071,0.093 and 0.169 respectively.The negative correlation among the four dimensions was significant statistically.Conclusion Psychological factors have direct effects on the change of the behaviors,and the change of the strategy has the largest impact on physical exercise behaviors of middle school students.The four psychological factors are closely correlated with one another,which is important in formulating middle school sports programs to promote the physical quality of middle school students.

Objective To compare the effects of health education on fat intake behavior and its psychology in students with different BMI,provide evidence for improving individual healthy education.Methods A experimental epidemiology was used,Twenty-nine secondary school classes were randomly selected by multi-stage cluster sampling from two cities in Zhejiang province.Overweight or obesity group included all students who were judged overweight or obesity,normal group included students who were judged normal and basic matched by age,grade,sex and stage of baseline.Intervention based on transtheoretical mode was conducted on two groups and intervention results were measured by the adolescent fat intake behavior of psychological measurement scales (Chinese version).Chi-square tests,T-tests,non-parameters tests and binary logistic regression were performed for data analyses.Results Stage of students with overweight or obesity and with normal BMI all moved forward after intervention,while the proportion of stage advance for students with overweight or obesity was further than students with normal BMI.Change strategy(2.60±0.79),pros(3.58±0.90) and self-efficacy(3.01±0.72) of students with overweight or obesity better than students with normal BMI in baseline((2.34±0.86),(3.08±0.91),(2.79±0.81)) while difference was not significant after intervention.Logistic regression analysis discovered that the promotion of change strategy moved stage forward for students with normal BMI(OR=2.168,95％ CI:1.560-3.014)and promotion of self-efficiency moved stage forward for students with overweight or obesity (OR=1.801,95％ CI:1.026-3.159).Conclusion The intensity and duration of psychological intervention is essential to be reinforced for students with normal BMI,while for students with overweight and obesity,psychological intervention should be promoted in combination with social support.

Objective To explore the key techniques used for surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases,food poisoning and hospital infection to improve the ability of surveillance and disposal on public health emergency.Methods Framework on surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases,food poisoning and hospital infection was set up,based on literature review and expert group discussion.Delphi method and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution comprehensive evaluation method were used for ordering preference by similarity,to screen key techniques set for surveillance and disposal of the above said events.Results Framework to be used for selecting key techniques was designed,based on the classification of emergency events,processing cycle of emergency events and level of techniques.Twenty six public health experts were selected for a 2-round consultation,with their authority as 0.796.Ten key techniques with important significance for surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases,food poisoning and hospital infection were selected from each event.Among these key techniques,the early-warning system was recognized as the key technique,important for the surveillance and disposal of all three emergency events.Items as technology used for unknown pathogenic microorganism detection,personal protection,gene sequencing and tracing technology,microorganism molecular typing technology,nucleic acid detection technology etc.were the key techniques and need to develop for the surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases and iatrogenic infection.Data regarding key technologies on security and privacy,early warning and forecasting,field rapid detection were sorted out that all in need to improve the surveillance programs on disposal of infectious diseases and food poisoning.Data exchange appeared another key technique on infectious diseases,with toxin detection and other 5 techniques the key techniques for food poisoning.Data collection,standardization and other 3 techniques appeared as the key techniques on iatrogenic infection.Conclusions Key techniques were selected in this study to meet the requirements of surveillance,disposal of infectious disease,food poisoning and iatrogenic infection.Authority of the experts got improved in the two-round consultation,ensuring the reliability of the results of screening and providing a scientific basis for the further research and priority development of the key techniques.

Objective:To comparison of three different beta blockers on murine hemangioma (EOMA cells) cells in vitro and in vivo effects.Preliminary study on the therapeutic effect of propranolol on vascular tumor in mice and possible mechanisms , provide a reference for beta blockers in the treatment of infantile hemangioma .Methods: Comparative study on the effects of three kinds of different β-receptor blockers---metoprolol, propranolol and butoxamine , on the proliferation and apoptosis of Mouse Hemangioendothelioma Endothelial cell (EOMA cells) was conducted in vitro.EOMA cells were cultured in vitro,randomly divided into different groups,propranolol and timolol were added into the medium respectively ,after 24 h intervention.MTT assay and acridine orange staining assay were conducted respectively to detect cell viability and apoptosis level .EOMA cells were transplanted into nude mice in vivo.Tumor volume growth to 100 mm3 ,animals were randomly divided into 4 groups respectively ,the control group ,metoprolol group,Bhutto Samin group and propranolol group ,drug group according to 2 mg/( kg? d) oral gavage ,control group were given an equal volume of saline ( NS ) , every two days measurement tumor volume size .Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) in the end of the experiment.Results:For propranolol,after 24 h treatment,significant differences of cell viability and apoptosis were noted (P<0.05) at the concentration of 50 μmol/L,while continuing to increase to 800 μmol/L,the cell survival rate decreased sharply to close to 10%. Acridine orange staining at the 50 μmol/L group after 24 h revealed many apoptotic cells .For metoprolol and butoxa mine ,significant differences of cell viability and apoptosis were noted ( P<0.05 ) at the concentration of 100 μmol/L,while continuing to increase to 800μmol/L,the cell survival rate decreased sharply to close to 20%.It was significantly higher than propranolol group at the same concentration ( P<0.05 ) .It showed a similar trend in acridine orange staining .In vivo experiments showed that the end of the experiment of metoprolol , butoxamine group and propranolol drugs in mice tumor volume , respectively ( 1 642.8 ±89.3 ) , ( 1 529.3 ± 119.1) and (752.7±46.5)mm3,significantly lower than the control group of mice tumor volume of (2 023.3±123.0) mm3(P<0.001).Metoprolol,butoxamine mice and propranolol drugs group ,serum VEGF levels for (606.5±105.8 ) pg/ml,(534.3±243.2 ) pg/ml and (420.1±123.7) pg/ml, significantly lower than the PBS control group [(825.8±145.7) pg/ml,(P<0.05)],the TNF alpha result was followed by(301.3±62.3) pg/ml,(305.1±53.8) pg/ml and (288.8±59.5) pg/ml,significantly lower than the normal control group [(444±100.4) pg/ml,P<0.05].Conclusion:Three kinds of beta-blockers can effectively inhibit EOMA cells proliferation and induce apoptosis in vitro, the role of propranolol more significantly than butoxamine and metoprolol .Three kinds of beta blockers restrain the growth of the hemangioma in vivo ,in which the inhibitory effect of propranolol is stronger than the metoprolol and butoxa mine.Three kinds of beta blockers can lower the levels of VEGF and TNF-αin vivo.Indicating that propranolol on vascular tumor in mice may be one of the mechanisms of β1 and β2 receptor synergy effect and its mechanism in the treatment of hemangioma may be associated with VEGF and TNF-α.

OBJECTIVE To study the status of the distribution and drug resistance of Enterococcus in hospital,in order to further provide the effective reference for rational use of antibacterial and the prevention of Enterococcus in clinical therapy. METHODS The drug sensitivity and resistance of 201 strains of Enterococcus were determined by MicroScan WalkAway40 automatic microorganism system. RESULTS The highest incidence rate of Enterococcus was E. faecium (48.8%),the second was E. faecalis (37.3%),and the others were E. gallinarum (13.9%). The drug resistance of E. faecium was much higher than that of E. faecalis. CONCLUSIONS The most of Enterococcus infection is due to E. faecium,and there is a lot of difference for drug resistance in the strains of Enterococcus. It is necessary to rationally use antibacterials on the basis of the drug resistance,infection sites and grade of infection.