Metabolites produced as intermediaries or end-products of microbial metabolism provide crucial signals for health and diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). These metabolites include products of the bacterial metabolism of dietary substrates, modification of host molecules (such as bile acids [BAs], trimethylamine-N-oxide, and short-chain fatty acids), or products directly derived from bacteria. Recent studies have provided new insights into the association between MASLD and the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, alterations in microbiota composition and metabolite profiles, notably altered BAs, have been described in studies investigating the association between MASLD and the risk of CKD. This narrative review discusses alterations of specific classes of metabolites, BAs, fructose, vitamin D, and microbiota composition that may be implicated in the link between MASLD and CKD.

Metabolites produced as intermediaries or end-products of microbial metabolism provide crucial signals for health and diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). These metabolites include products of the bacterial metabolism of dietary substrates, modification of host molecules (such as bile acids [BAs], trimethylamine-N-oxide, and short-chain fatty acids), or products directly derived from bacteria. Recent studies have provided new insights into the association between MASLD and the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, alterations in microbiota composition and metabolite profiles, notably altered BAs, have been described in studies investigating the association between MASLD and the risk of CKD. This narrative review discusses alterations of specific classes of metabolites, BAs, fructose, vitamin D, and microbiota composition that may be implicated in the link between MASLD and CKD.

Metabolites produced as intermediaries or end-products of microbial metabolism provide crucial signals for health and diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). These metabolites include products of the bacterial metabolism of dietary substrates, modification of host molecules (such as bile acids [BAs], trimethylamine-N-oxide, and short-chain fatty acids), or products directly derived from bacteria. Recent studies have provided new insights into the association between MASLD and the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, alterations in microbiota composition and metabolite profiles, notably altered BAs, have been described in studies investigating the association between MASLD and the risk of CKD. This narrative review discusses alterations of specific classes of metabolites, BAs, fructose, vitamin D, and microbiota composition that may be implicated in the link between MASLD and CKD.

Extensive studies have identified potential adverse effects on semen quality of obesity, based on body mass index, but the association between body fat distribution, a more relevant indicator for obesity, and semen quality remains less clear. We conducted a longitudinal study of 4304 sperm donors from the Guangdong Provincial Human Sperm Bank (Guangzhou, China) during 2017-2021. A body composition analyzer was used to measure total and local body fat percentage for each participant. Generalized estimating equations were employed to assess the association between body fat percentage and sperm count, motility, and morphology. We estimated that each 10% increase in total body fat percentage (estimated change [95% confidence interval, 95% CI]) was significantly associated with a 0.18 × 10 6 (0.09 × 10 6 -0.27 × 10 6 ) ml and 12.21 × 10 6 (4.52 × 10 6 -19.91 × 10 6 ) reduction in semen volume and total sperm count, respectively. Categorical analyses and exposure-response curves showed that the association of body fat distribution with semen volume and total sperm count was stronger at higher body fat percentages. In addition, the association still held among normal weight and overweight participants. We observed similar associations for upper limb, trunk, and lower limb body fact distributions. In conclusion, we found that a higher body fat distribution was significantly associated with lower semen quality (especially semen volume) even in men with a normal weight. These findings provide useful clues in exploring body fat as a risk factor for semen quality decline and add to evidence for improving semen quality for those who are expected to conceive.
Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Semen Analysis ; China ; Body Fat Distribution ; Longitudinal Studies ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Body Mass Index ; Tissue Donors ; Obesity/complications* ; Spermatozoa ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; East Asian People

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Objective:To systematically review the non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment techniques for diabetic foot ulcers, in order to provide evidence-based medical reference for orthopedic surgeons in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.Methods:Chinese and English databases such as PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were used to search the literature related to non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. The retrieval time was set to September 2023. The key words were Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment, Non-surgical Treatment. According to the research type of the included literature, the quality of the included literature was evaluated by selecting corresponding tools. The outcome measures mainly included treatment response rate, amputation rate, mortality rate and other measures related to treatment effect. The Medical Literature King software was used to screen literatures and extract relevant data for systematic review.Results:In this study, 20 articles were included. There were 15 studies from China, 2 studies from Egypt, 2 study from the United States, and 1 study from Sweden. There were 16 high quality literatures and 4 low quality literatures. Among them, there were five non-surgical treatment techniques of diabetic foot ulcers, including customized diabetic foot insoles, autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) , Chinese medicine treatment, external dressing therapy, and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technology. There were two minimally invasive treatment techniques for diabetic foot ulcer, including vascular intervention technology and periosteal distraction technology. The plastic surgeon should choose the appropriate treatment technique according to the specific situation of the patient with DFUs. Diabetes custom insoles were mainly used in the treatment of patients with recurrent DFUs or Wagner grade 0. For DFUs patients with Wagner grade 1 and above, the effect of PRP, VSD and vascular intervention techniques were more significant. Traditional Chinese medicine also showed significant result in the treatment of DFUs patients with Wagner grade 1 and above. Topical dressing treatment was often used for daily dressing change of DFUs to promote wound healing. Periosteal distraction technique was less invasive and had significant therapeutic effect on severe DFUs.Conclusions:Non-surgical and minimally invasive techniques are effective in the treatment of DFUs. Plastic surgeons should master and reasonably choose these non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment techniques for the treatment of patients with DFUs according to the patients＇conditions and medical conditions.

Objective:To systematically review the non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment techniques for diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs), in order to provide evidence-based medical reference for orthopedic surgeons in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.Methods:Chinese and English databases such as PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were utilized to search the literature related to non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. The retrieval time was set to September 2023. The key words were Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment, Non-surgical Treatment. According to the research type of the included literature, the quality of the included literature was evaluated by selecting corresponding tools. The outcome measures mainly included treatment response rate, amputation rate, mortality rate and other measures related to treatment effect. The Medical Literature King software was used to screen literatures and extract relevant data for systematic review.Results:In this study, 20 articles were included. There were 15 studies from China, 2 studies from Egypt, 2 studies from the United States, and 1 study from Sweden. There were 16 high quality literatures and 4 low quality literatures. Among them, there were five non-surgical treatment techniques of diabetic foot ulcers, including customized diabetic foot insoles, autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Chinese medicine treatment, external dressing therapy, and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technology. There were two minimally invasive treatment techniques for diabetic foot ulcer, including vascular intervention technology and periosteal distraction technology. The plastic surgeon should choose the appropriate treatment technique according to the specific situation of the patient with DFUs. Diabetes custom insoles were mainly used in the treatment of patients with recurrent DFUs or Wagner grade 0. For DFUs patients with Wagner grade 1 and above, the effect of PRP, VSD and vascular intervention techniques were more significant. Traditional Chinese medicine also showed significant result in the treatment of DFUs patients with Wagner grade 1 and above. Topical dressing treatment was often used for daily dressing change of DFUs to promote wound healing. Periosteal distraction technique was less invasive and had significant therapeutic effect on severe DFUs.Conclusion:Non-surgical and minimally invasive techniques are effective in the treatment of DFUs. Plastic surgeons should master and reasonably choose these non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment techniques for the treatment of patients with DFUs based on the patients’ conditions and medical conditions.

Objective:To systematically review the non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment techniques for diabetic foot ulcers, in order to provide evidence-based medical reference for orthopedic surgeons in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.Methods:Chinese and English databases such as PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were used to search the literature related to non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. The retrieval time was set to September 2023. The key words were Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment, Non-surgical Treatment. According to the research type of the included literature, the quality of the included literature was evaluated by selecting corresponding tools. The outcome measures mainly included treatment response rate, amputation rate, mortality rate and other measures related to treatment effect. The Medical Literature King software was used to screen literatures and extract relevant data for systematic review.Results:In this study, 20 articles were included. There were 15 studies from China, 2 studies from Egypt, 2 study from the United States, and 1 study from Sweden. There were 16 high quality literatures and 4 low quality literatures. Among them, there were five non-surgical treatment techniques of diabetic foot ulcers, including customized diabetic foot insoles, autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) , Chinese medicine treatment, external dressing therapy, and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technology. There were two minimally invasive treatment techniques for diabetic foot ulcer, including vascular intervention technology and periosteal distraction technology. The plastic surgeon should choose the appropriate treatment technique according to the specific situation of the patient with DFUs. Diabetes custom insoles were mainly used in the treatment of patients with recurrent DFUs or Wagner grade 0. For DFUs patients with Wagner grade 1 and above, the effect of PRP, VSD and vascular intervention techniques were more significant. Traditional Chinese medicine also showed significant result in the treatment of DFUs patients with Wagner grade 1 and above. Topical dressing treatment was often used for daily dressing change of DFUs to promote wound healing. Periosteal distraction technique was less invasive and had significant therapeutic effect on severe DFUs.Conclusions:Non-surgical and minimally invasive techniques are effective in the treatment of DFUs. Plastic surgeons should master and reasonably choose these non-surgical and minimally invasive treatment techniques for the treatment of patients with DFUs according to the patients＇conditions and medical conditions.