OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and its risk factors in very preterm infants (VPIs) during hospitalization in China. METHODS: A prospective multicenter study was performed on the medical data of 2 514 VPIs who were hospitalized in the department of neonatology in 28 hospitals from 7 areas of China between September 2019 and December 2020. According to the presence or absence of EUGR based on the evaluation of body weight at the corrected gestational age of 36 weeks or at discharge, the VPIs were classified to two groups: EUGR group (n=1 189) and non-EUGR (n=1 325). The clinical features were compared between the two groups, and the incidence of EUGR and risk factors for EUGR were examined. RESULTS: The incidence of EUGR was 47.30% (1 189/2 514) evaluated by weight. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher weight growth velocity after regaining birth weight and higher cumulative calorie intake during the first week of hospitalization were protective factors against EUGR (P<0.05), while small-for-gestational-age birth, prolonged time to the initiation of total enteral feeding, prolonged cumulative fasting time, lower breast milk intake before starting human milk fortifiers, prolonged time to the initiation of full fortified feeding, and moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia were risk factors for EUGR (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to reduce the incidence of EUGR by achieving total enteral feeding as early as possible, strengthening breastfeeding, increasing calorie intake in the first week after birth, improving the velocity of weight gain, and preventing moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in VPIs.
Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Gestational Age ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective:To observe clinical effect of addition and subtraction therapy of Zidiantang to purpura nephritis in children （syndrome of blood fever） and regulatory action to immune inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and twenty-five patients were randomly divided into control group （61 cases） and observation group （64 cases） by random number table. A total of 57 patients in control group completed the therapy （2 patients were falling off or missing visit and 2 was eliminated）， 59 patients in observation group completed the therapy （3 patients were falling off or missing visit and 2 was eliminated）. Both groups' patients got comprehensive measures of western medicine. Patients in control group got Xueniaoan capsule， 1 to 4 grains/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation groups got addition and subtraction therapy of Zidiantang， 1 dose/day. The treatment was continued for 2 months and the follow up was recorded for a month. Purpura and urinalysis were recorded for every week. And disappearance of purpura， hematuria and proteinuria were compared for 3 months. Before treatment， and at the first， second and during the follow up， scores of 24 h urine protein quantification （24 hup） and syndrome of blood fever were graded. Levels of microalbuminuria （mAlb）， urinary β₂-microglobulin （β₂-MG）， cystatin C（CysC）， globulin A1（IgA1）， IgG， complement C3， Th17 cells， Treg cells， interleukin-17 （IL-17）， IL-21， IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β₁ （TGF-β₁） were detected before and after treatment. Result:At the first month of treatment， disappearance rate of purpura in observation group was higher than that in control group （P<0.05）. Before treatment， and at the first， second and during the follow up， disappearance rate of hematuria and albuminuria were higher than those in control group （P<0.05）， and scores of 24 h urine protein quantification （24 hup） and syndrome of blood fever were lower than those in control group （P<0.01）. Levels of mAlb， β₂-MG， CysC， IgA1， IgG， Th17， Th17/Treg， IL-17， IL-21 and TGF-β₁ were lower than those in control group （P<0.01）， and levels of C3， CD4⁺， Treg and IL-10 were higher than those in control group （P<0.01）. Conclusion:On the basis of conventional western medicine treatment， addition and subtraction therapy of Zidiantang can promote the purpura to subside， improve the syndrome symptoms of blood fever， regulate the immune inflammatory reaction， reduce the inflammatory damage of kidney， thus reduce the hematuria and proteinuria， and play a role in protecting the renal function.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of warm acupuncture combined with yoga posture method in the treatment of periarthritis with frozen period. METHODS: Ninety patients with periarthritis who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a control group 1, a control group 2 and an observation group, 30 cases in each group. Warm acupuncture was applied in the control group 1 (Jianzhen (SI 9), Jianyu (LI 15), Jianliao (TE 14), etc were selected), yoga posture method was applied in the control group 2, warm acupuncture combined with yoga posture method were given in the observation group, the treatment was given once a day, 10 times as a course with 2 days between courses and continuous for 2 courses. After 2 courses of treatment, the shoulder joint pain score and shoulder function grading were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy, and the clinical efficacy was observed. RESULTS: ①The pain scores of the three groups were significantly lower after treatment (all <0.01), and scores in the observation group was better than that in the control group 1 and the control group 2 (<0.05, <0.01). There was no significant difference between the control group 1 and the control group 2 (>0.05). ②After treatment, the functional classification of shoulder joints were significantly improved in the three groups (all <0.01), and the functional classification of shoulder joint in the observation group and the control group 2 were better than that in the control group 1 (<0.01, <0.05). There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group 2 (>0.05). ③After 2 courses of treatment, the effective rate of the observation group was 86.7% (26/30), which was better than 70.0% (21/30) in the control group 1 and 76.7% (23/30) in the control group 2 (both <0.05). CONCLUSION Warm acupuncture combined with yoga posture method can effectively relieve shoulder pain and improve dysfunction. The clinical comprehensive effect is better than simple acupuncture and yoga posture method.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Periarthritis ; therapy ; Posture ; Treatment Outcome ; Yoga

OBJECTIVETo explore function and related molecular mechanism of osteopractic total flavone (OTF) on tendon healing in rats.

METHODSTen male rats aged for 8 weeks were collected and weighted from 180 to 220 g. Tendon stem cells were cultivated, the third tendon stem cells were used for experiment. OTP treated with 0, 0.1, 1, 10 ng/ml were added into tendon stem cells, and expression change of ALP, Runx2, OCN, VEGF, P-S6, P-4E/BP1 were detected after 14 days. Forty male rats aged for 8 weeks (weighted 180 to 220 g) were established extra-articular tendon-bone transplanting healing model, and divided into experimental group and control group. Experimental group were treated with OTF(100 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹), while control group was treated by normal saline with the same volume. Tendon-bone healing degree were detected by biomechanical testing at 3 and 6 weeks after surgery, histological detection were applied to detect tendon-bone healing and number of new vessles.

RESULTSAfter treated by OTP, ALP staining and active index detection showed there were statistical differences among 0, 0.1, 1, 10 ng/ml group. After 14 days' cultivation, western blotting results showed mTOR downstream marker protein P-S6 protein expression were gradually increased with increase of density of OTP, expression of P-4E/BP1 was reduced, while expression of Runx2, OCN, VEGF were increased. Biological detection results showed that there was no significant difference in mechanical strength between experimental group(0.78±0.05) N/mm and control group (0.51±0.02) N/mm at 3 weeks after surgery, while mechanical strength in experimental group (1.36±0.09) N/mm was higher than control group (1.01±0.08) N/mm at 6 weeks after surgery. Histological results showed maturity of tendon-bone surface cell were higher at 3 and 6 weeks in experimental group, sharpey fiber growth more density, calcification extent of mesenchyme was high, and new bone, vessels were increased.

CONCLUSIONSOTF could promote osteogenic differentiation of tendon stem cells through mTOR signaling in vitro, and stimulate tendon-bone healing in bone tunnel and enhance connection quality between tendon and bone.

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Transplantation ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Flavones ; pharmacology ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; Rats ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Tendons ; cytology ; transplantation ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVE: To establish an apicoectomy guide template design and manufacturing method, based on multi-source data fusion, computer aided design (CAD) and fused deposition modeling (FDM). The feasibility of the guide template was preliminary evaluated by the in vitro model experiment. METHODS: An extracted upper anterior tooth, after root canal treatment, was optical scanned, after which the extracted upper anterior tooth was poured in an apicoectomy plaster model. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning of the apicoectomy plaster model was performed, after which optical scanning of the plaster model for apical resection surgery was carried out. All of the relevant CBCT and optical scanning data of the extracted upper anterior tooth and the apicoectomy plaster model were introduced into the Geomagic Studio 2012 software. The multi-source data fusion technology was used to virtually simulate the three-dimensional positional relationship of the extracted tooth, the dentition, the alveolar bone and the gingival, based on which, the three-dimensional design of the apicoectomy guide template was completed in the Geomagic Studio 2012 software. With the technology of fused deposition modeling, the apical resection surgical guide template was three-dimensionally printed with the material of polylactic acid (PLA). Under the guidance of the surgical guide template, the root apical resection was performed on the plaster model. After the apicoectomy, the extracted upper anterior tooth was taken off from the apicoectomy plaster model and then was given the optical scanning. The apical resection length and angle were calculated by the function of distance measurement and angle measurement, and the results were compared with the preset values. RESULTS: The length of the apical resection was 2.88 mm along the direction of the long axis of the tooth, which was 0.12 mm lower than the preset 3 mm. The included angle between the apical resection plane and the long axis of the tooth was 77.9°, 12.1° lower than the preset 90°. CONCLUSION This study successfully established a digital design and production method of apicoectomy guide template by combing the multi-source data fusion, CAD and FDM technology. The design route and the production method are feasible. The study will provide a technology and methodology reference for the development of domestic special software for the digital design of apicoectomy guide template.
Apicoectomy/methods* ; Computer-Aided Design ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Software

Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) combined with sodium fluorescein(FL) in the treatment of high grade gliomas(HGG). Methods From August 2013 to 2015 November,the clinical data of 72 supratentorial HGG(WHO grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ) patients who had received surgical treatment in our hospital were retrospectively studied,among whom 43 cases received MRS combined with intra-perative FL navigation(observation group),and 29 cases only received conventional surgery(control group). Post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy were applied for more than 3 months. Routine enhanced MRI were performed 24-48 hours after the operation to investigate the extent of tumor resection. Six months after the operation,the quality of life of patients was evaluated by using the Karnofsky score,and 1-year postoperative survival rate and progression-free survival(PFS) were observed. Results Postoperative MRI showed that the rate of gross total resection(GTR) in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(72.09%vs.51.72%;χ=23.88,P=0.001),and the GTR rate of WHO grade Ⅳ tumors was significantly higher than that of WHO grade Ⅲ tumors in observation group(92.86% vs.62.07%;χ=6.06,P=0.042). The postoperative Karnofsky score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(μ=2.34,P=0.021). The mean time of follow-up was(16.4±2.4) months(8-21 months) and there was no statistical significant difference between observation group and control group in 1-year survival rate(74.07% vs.77.50%;χ=4.90,P=0.165) and PFS [(13.2±1.2) months vs.(12.7±2.0) months;χ=7.26,P=0.067]. In observation group,the PFS of WHO grade Ⅳ patients was significantly higher than that in control group [(14.2±0.3) months vs.(10.0±1.1) months;χ=11.03,P=0.031]. There was also no statistical significant difference between WHO grade Ⅳ tumors in two groups in terms of 1-year survival rate(71.43% vs.72.54%;χ=5.33,P=0.089),and there was no statistical significant difference between WHO grade Ⅲ tumors in two groups in 1-year survival rate(75.86% vs. 72.22%;χ=3.78,P=0.250) and in PFS [(13.7±1.4) months vs.(12.4±0.8) months;χ=4.85,P=0.083]. Conclusions MRS combined with intraoperative FL navigation technology can improve the resection rate and improve survival quality of patients,and there is no evidence that MRS combined with intraoperative FL navigation prolong the overall survival of patients with high-grade gliomas. Different outcome may be found with longer follow-up and increased simple size.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique health resource in China and one of the main representative traditional medicines globally. TCM has formed a new way of looking at medical practices, health care, scientific research, education, industry and culture. It focuses on promoting and safeguarding the health of people, with an increasing contribution to economic and social development. Establishing a comprehensive evaluation system in accordance with the characteristics of TCM services could promote the scientific merit and the standardization of services management. This would improve health service quality and the social and economic benefits of TCM. It would broaden the field of TCM services research. It would also provide the basis for the formulation of relevant government policies. This study estimates the prospect of establishing a comprehensive evaluation system of TCM services.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of intermittent fasting on metabolize and gut microbiota in obese presenium rats fed with high-fat-sugar-diet.

METHODSWe fed the Wistar rats with high-fat and high-sugar diet to induce adiposity, and the rats for intermittent fasting were selected base on their body weight. The rats were subjected to fasting for 72 h every 2 weeks for 18 weeks. OGTT test was performed and fasting blood samples and fecal samples were collected for measurement of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C and sequence analysis of fecal 16S rRNA V4 tags using Illumina. Gut microbial community structure was analyzed with QIIME and LEfSe.

RESULTSAfter the intervention, the body weight of the fasting rats was significantly lower than that in high-fat diet group (P<0.01). OGTT results suggested impairment of sugar tolerance in the fasting group, which showed a significantly larger AUC than compared with the high-fat diet group (P<0.05). Intermittent fasting significantly reduced blood HDL-C and LDL-C levels (P<0.05) and partially restored liver steatosis, and improved the gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of YS2, RF32 and Helicobacteraceae and reducing Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Erysipelotrichaceae and Ralstonia. Bradyrhizobiaceae was found to be positively correlated with CHOL and HDL-C, and RF39 was inversely correlated with the weight of the rats.

CONCLUSIONIntermittent fasting can decrease the body weight and blood lipid levels and restore normal gut microbiota but can cause impairment of glucose metabolism in obese presenium rats.

Animals ; Body Weight ; Diet, High-Fat ; Fasting ; Fatty Liver ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Lipids ; blood ; Obesity ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of detection of IgM antibodies to EV71-infection patients,and compared characterisation of RT-PCR,IgM capture ELISA and neutralization test.Methods Virus RNA,neutralization titer and IgM antibody in 115 EV71-infection patients were detected by EV71 real-time RT-PCR kit( EV71-PCR kit),neutralization test,and EV71 IgM-capture ELISA kit (EV71-IgM kit),respectively.Results Using EV71-IgM kit,the detection rate was 80.9％ (93/115,95％ CI:72.5-87.6) among the 115 EV71-infection patients,and was 2.6％ among the 228 healthy children.Simultaneously,sera collected after 1-2 day of disease onset showed an IgM positivity of 70.4％ (38/ 54).The positive rate of EV71-PCR among these patients was 82.6％ (95/115,95％ CI:74.4-89.0),so there was no statistically significant differences between it and EV71-IgM kit.In addition,the detection rate in EV71-infection patients could increase to 92.2％ by combined detection of EV71-PCR and EV71-IgM kit.Conclusion EV71-IgM kit was a rapid and valuable way for the early diagnosis of EV71 infection,and could significantly improve detection rate for EV71 infection by combining with EV71-PCR kit.

OBJECTIVETo identify the active material of anti-hepatic fibrosis from Amydae Carapax.

METHODSMembrane separation technology was adopted to screen active fraction in Amydae Carapax, and the active components were isolated from the active fraction using gel chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The purified active components in Amydae Carapax were further analyzed using 4700 series time-of-flight mass spectrometer.

RESULTSProteins and peptides of Amydae Carapax with molecular weight less than 6000 were proved to have biological activity. 8 components (Bj1-Bj8) were isolated from the active fraction. Bj4, Bj6 and Bj7 were screened as active components. Bj7 was further purified, resulting in 7 components (Bj701-Bj707). Bj704 and Bj707 showed significant biological activity. Mass spectrometry showed three molecular ion peaks with highest abundance, i.e. m/e 526, 542 and 572, i.e. m/e 526, 542 and 572, in Bj707 -A The amino acid sequences of above three peptide compounds were NDDY (Asn-Asp-Asp-Tyr), NPNPT (Asn-Pro-Asn-Pro-Thr), and HGRFG (His-Gly-Arg-Phe-Gly), respectively. And M572 was the most abandunt components.

CONCLUSIONThree active peptide compounds of anti-hepatic fibrosis of Amydae Carapax were identified.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Tissue Extracts ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology