OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism through which Danggui buxue decoction regulates neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs） to improve osteoporosis （OP） in rats with premature ovarian failure （POF）. METHODS Female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， calcitriol group， and Danggui buxue decoction low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups， with 9 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， all other groups were administered cisplatin via intraperitoneal injection on days 1 and 8 to establish a POF complicated with OP model. Each group received the corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically starting from day 5， once a day， for 4 consecutive weeks. After the last medication， serum levels of estradiol （E2）， NETs， 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25（OH）D3]， receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand （RANKL）， and osteocalcin （BGP） were measured. The histopathological changes in bone tissue were observed. The expressions of vitamin D receptor （VDR）， myeloperoxidase （MPO）， neutrophil elastase （NE） and citrullinated histone H3 （CitH3） in bone tissue were detected； the protein expressions of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase （CYP27B1） and 1α，25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase （CYP24A1） were also determined. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， the bone tissue of rats in the model group showed a significant reduction in the number of trabeculae， which was thinner broken and poorly connected， with significant destruction of the reticular structure， and an enlarged marrow cavity. Serum levels of NETs and RANKL， the protein expressions of MPO， NE， CitH3 and CYP24A1 in bone tissue were significantly increased or upregulated， while serum levels of E2， 25（OH）D3 and BGP as well as protein expressions of VDR and CYP27B1 were significantly decreased or downregulated （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， the histopathological changes in the bone tissue of rats in each administration group showed some degree of recovery， with significant improvements observed in most quantitative indicators （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Danggui buxue decoction can restore the E2 level in POF complicated with OP rats， and improve OP. The mechanism may be related to its ability to upregulate VD level and inhibit the formation of NETs.

The importance of amino acid metabolism has been gradually recognized,and the relationship between arginine me-tabolism and tumors has become a hot topic.Arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid,which is closely related to the occur-rence,growth and metastasis of tumors.The formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment,and the phenotypic changes,mat-uration and functional status of myeloid immune cells are also inseparable from arginine metabolism.This article mainly elucidates how arginine metabolism affects tumors and the role of arginine in anti-tumor immunity,summarizes the main myeloid immune cells in the tumor microenvironment,and briefly summarizes the tumor treatment strategies that target the arginine metabolism pathway.

Objectives:This study aims to investigate the association between cumulative fasting blood glucose(FBG)and presence of coronary artery calcification(CAC). Methods:A total of 1 113 participants were recruited from the Beijing Community-based Cohort of Atherosclerosis.Anthropometric measurements and laboratory examinations including FBG were performed in 1998,2008-2009 and 2013-2014 respectively,and coronary CT scan was performed in 2013-2014.Participants were classified into 4 groups according to the level of cumulative FBG(10-year weighted cumulative value of at least 2 FBGs):<50.0 mmol/L group(n=495),50.0-55.9 mmol/L group(n=345),56.0-69.9 mmol/L group(n=176),and≥70.0 mmol/L group(n=97).CAC score>0 was defined as presence of CAC.Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to analyze the impact of cumulative FBG exposure on the risk of CAC,and subgroup analyses were conducted according to factors such as sex and age. Results:The mean age of enrolled participants was(59.7±6.4)years,523(47.0%)were male and 478(42.9%)had CAC.The proportion of subjects with CAC increased with the increment of cumulative FBG.Compared with the<50.0 mmol/L group,the multivariable-adjusted OR(95%CI)for CAC in the 50.0-55.9 mmol/L group,56.0-69.9 mmol/L group,and≥70.0 mmol/L group were 1.43(1.04-1.98),1.92(1.24-2.99)and 2.79(1.35-5.77),respectively(Ptrend<0.05).The risk for CAC increased by 34%per 10 mmol/L increase in cumulative FBG,with OR(95%CI)of 1.34(1.12-1.59).There was no statistically significant difference in the risk of CAC presence for each 10 mmol/L increase in cumulative FBG level between the subgroups(all P≥0.05). Conclusions:Elevated cumulative FBG is a risk factor for the prevalence of CAC,indicating the importance of maintaining healthy FBG in preventing the occurrence of CAC.

Leucine aminopeptidase 3(LAP3)is an enzyme crucial for protein transformation and metabo-lism,as it catalyzes the hydrolysis of amino terminal leucine residues on protein or peptide substrates.This enzymatic ac-tivity is essential for cell growth and development.Abnormal expression of LAP3 is often linked to various diseases.Re-cent studies have indicated that LAP3 expression is elevated in several types of cancer,including breast cancer,hepatocel-lular carcinoma,ovarian cancer,and glioma.Further research has demonstrated that LAP3 influences the proliferation,migration,and invasion of tumor cells by mediating signaling pathways among cancer cells,epithelial-mesenchymal transi-tion,autophagy,cell cycle,and arginine synthesis and metabolism,thereby promoting the development of malignant tu-mors.Consequently,targeted therapies aimed at LAP3 are emerging as a promising area of research.This review summa-rizes the latest advances related to LAP3,evaluates its clinical significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of malignant tu-mors,and explores its carcinogenic effects and potential molecular mechanisms,aiming to offer new insights for the diag-nosis and treatment of these tumors.

Leucine aminopeptidase 3(LAP3)is an enzyme crucial for protein transformation and metabo-lism,as it catalyzes the hydrolysis of amino terminal leucine residues on protein or peptide substrates.This enzymatic ac-tivity is essential for cell growth and development.Abnormal expression of LAP3 is often linked to various diseases.Re-cent studies have indicated that LAP3 expression is elevated in several types of cancer,including breast cancer,hepatocel-lular carcinoma,ovarian cancer,and glioma.Further research has demonstrated that LAP3 influences the proliferation,migration,and invasion of tumor cells by mediating signaling pathways among cancer cells,epithelial-mesenchymal transi-tion,autophagy,cell cycle,and arginine synthesis and metabolism,thereby promoting the development of malignant tu-mors.Consequently,targeted therapies aimed at LAP3 are emerging as a promising area of research.This review summa-rizes the latest advances related to LAP3,evaluates its clinical significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of malignant tu-mors,and explores its carcinogenic effects and potential molecular mechanisms,aiming to offer new insights for the diag-nosis and treatment of these tumors.

Background::Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is underrecognized, and its association with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains limited, especially in China. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of FH and its relationship with CAD in a large Chinese cohort.Methods::FH was defined using the Make Early Diagnosis to Prevent Early Death (MEDPED) criteria. The crude and age-sex standardized prevalence of FH were calculated based on surveys of the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR) project during 2007-2008. The associations of FH with incident CAD and its major subtypes were estimated with the cohort-stratified multivariate Cox proportional hazard models based on the data from the baseline to the last follow-up (2018-2020).Results::Among 98,885 included participants, 190 participants were defined as FH. Crude and age-sex standardized prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of FH were 0.19% (0.17%–0.22%) and 0.13% (0.10%–0.16%), respectively. The prevalence varied across age groups and peaked in the group of 60–<70 years (0.28%), and the peak prevalence (0.18%) in males was earlier, yet lower than the peak crude prevalence in females (0.41%). During a mean follow-up of 10.7 years, 2493 cases of incident CAD were identified. After multivariate adjustment, FH patients had a 2.03-fold greater risk of developing CAD compared to non-FH participants.Conclusions::The prevalence of FH was estimated to be 0.19% in the participants, and it was associated with an elevated risk of incident CAD. Our study suggests that early screening of FH has certain public health significance for the prevention of CAD.

Background::Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is underrecognized, and its association with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains limited, especially in China. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of FH and its relationship with CAD in a large Chinese cohort.Methods::FH was defined using the Make Early Diagnosis to Prevent Early Death (MEDPED) criteria. The crude and age-sex standardized prevalence of FH were calculated based on surveys of the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR) project during 2007-2008. The associations of FH with incident CAD and its major subtypes were estimated with the cohort-stratified multivariate Cox proportional hazard models based on the data from the baseline to the last follow-up (2018-2020).Results::Among 98,885 included participants, 190 participants were defined as FH. Crude and age-sex standardized prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of FH were 0.19% (0.17%–0.22%) and 0.13% (0.10%–0.16%), respectively. The prevalence varied across age groups and peaked in the group of 60–<70 years (0.28%), and the peak prevalence (0.18%) in males was earlier, yet lower than the peak crude prevalence in females (0.41%). During a mean follow-up of 10.7 years, 2493 cases of incident CAD were identified. After multivariate adjustment, FH patients had a 2.03-fold greater risk of developing CAD compared to non-FH participants.Conclusions::The prevalence of FH was estimated to be 0.19% in the participants, and it was associated with an elevated risk of incident CAD. Our study suggests that early screening of FH has certain public health significance for the prevention of CAD.

Objective To compare the effects of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model-X (ARIMAX) and multivariate Long Short Term Memory Network (multivariate LSTM) in the prediction of daily total death toll in Yancheng City. Methods Based on total death toll data, meteorological data and air quality data from January 1^st, 2014 to June 30^th,2017 in Yancheng City, Jiangsu province, ARIMAX model and multivariate LSTM model were established to predict the daily total death toll from July 1^st,2017 to July 14^th,2017. RMSE, MAE and MAPE were used as evaluation indexes to compare the prediction effects of these two models. Results RMSE, MAE and MAPE of ARIMAX model and multivariate LSTM model were 20.742、15.094、9.921 and 47.182、35.863、19.633, respectively. Conclusion ARIMAX model is better than multivariate LSTM model to predict the daily death toll in Yancheng city.

Objective To investigate the effects of air pollution on non-accidental death of residents in Yancheng City. Methods Data of daily air pollutions (PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂ and O₃), average temperature, average relative humidity, and daily death information during 2014-2019 were collected. The time series semi parametric generalized additive model was used to analyze the impact of short-term exposure of air pollutants on non-accidental death in Yancheng City. Results The average daily non-accidental deaths of the entire population, respiratory system, and circulatory system were 154, 25, and 51, respectively. With the increase of 10 µg/m³ SO₂, the risk of the estimated non-accidental death and respiratory death was increased by 1.19% (95%CI: 0.26%-2.12%) and 2.37% (95%CI: 0.65%-4.12 %), respectively. With the increase of 10 µ g/m³ NO₂, the risk of the estimated non-accidental death, circulatory system death and respiratory death was increased by 1.50%（95%CI:0.94%-2.05%）, 1.11%（95%CI:0.08%-2.16%）, and 1.53%（95%CI:0.71%-2.36%）, respectively. With the increase of 10 µg/m³ O₃, the risk of the estimated non-accidental death, circulatory system death and respiratory death was increased by 0.64%（95%CI: 0.25%-1.04%）, 0.81%（95%CI: 0.04%-1.58%）, and 0.78%（95%CI: 0.18%-1.37%）, respectively. Conclusion The short-term exposure of air pollutants affects the non-accidental death of the residents in Yancheng, and there are lag effects, of which NO₂, SO₂ and O₃ have a greater impact.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified Bascom cleft lift procedure in the treatment of chronic sinus.Methods Modified Bascom cleft lift procedure was performed in 53 patients admitted from Oct 2012 to Jul 2016.49 cases were male and 4 were female.The average age was (25.4± 2.3) years.Results All patients were satisfied with the operation.There were 49 cases of primary healing and 4 cases of incision complications.The average follow-up was (12.1 ±4.3) months,no recurrence was observed.Conclusion The modified Bascom cleft lift technique is effective and reliable,with less complications and a lower recurrence rate.