Objective: To evaluate the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR, the key proteins in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in pediatric Burkitt lymphoma (BL), and to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance. Methods: Fifty-eight cases of pediatric BL and thirty cases of reactive hyperplastic lymphadenitis (RH) were collected at Children′s Hospital of Fudan University from September 2011 to July 2018. Paraffin sections of tissues were immune stained for p-AKT and p-mTOR, and the expression was assessed and correlated with the clinical features and prognosis. Results: A total of 58 cases were diagnosed and 6 cases lost the follow-up. Of the remaining 52 BL patients including 43 males and 9 females, the median age was 5 years (range: 2 to 14 years). Regarding to the correlation between the two biomarkers, Spearman test showed that p-mTOR was positively associated with the expression of p-AKT (r=0.759, P<0.001). Of all BL patients, the positive rates of p-AKT and p-mTOR were 62.1% (36/58) and 60.3%(35/58) respectively, both significantly higher than control group (P=0.011, P=0.035 respectively). The presence of p-AKT was significantly associated with higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH≥573 IU/L) level in patients of the disease (P=0.006), while p-mTOR was increased both in the higher LDH and lower ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G) group (P=0.006, P=0.034 respectively). Expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR did not show any statistical correlation with sex, age, St.jude stage, tumor size, B-symptom present or not, number of extra-nodal sites or international prognostic index (IPI) (P>0.05). Fifty-two patients had a median follow-up of 40 months (range: 5-87 months). Univariate analysis showed that p-AKT expression was significant in predicting both inferior OS (5-year estimate, 72.7% vs. 94.7%, χ²=4.123, P=0.042) and PFS (5-year estimate, 66.7% vs. 94.7%, χ²=5.822, P=0.016). The 5-year OS rate was 71.0% (22/31) for the p-mTOR positive cohort of patients compared to 95.2% (17/21) for p-mTOR negative group (χ²=4.881, P=0.027); however, there was no statistical significance in 5-year PFS rate (P>0.05). Especially, the 5-year OS and PFS rate of p-AKT/p-mTOR double-positive group were significantly lower than negative control group (including absence of single p-AKT or p-mTOR expression, and absence of both) (OS: 69.0% vs. 95.7%, χ²=6.285, P=0.012; PFS: 65.5% vs. 91.3%, χ²=5.405, P=0.020). The results of multivariate COX proportional risk regression analysis indicated that p-AKT/p-mTOR double-positive, higher LDH and IPI score 3-5 were independent prognostic factors for both OS and PFS, and the bulky tumor (>10 cm) for PFS of pediatric BL. Conclusion The expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR may be a potential reference for diagnosis and the independent prognostic indicators of pediatric BL.

OBJECTIVE: To explore and quantify the intervention effect of auricular point sticking on perioperative psychological stress in patients with anorectal diseases. METHODS: Eighty patients who underwent anorectal surgery were randomly divided into an observation group (40 cases) and a control group (40 cases). The routine preoperative guidance, preoperative visits, and informed of the postoperative condition were received in the control group. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, auricular point sticking was immediately applied at Shenmen (TF), Shen (CO), Wei (CO), Gan (CO), Pi (CO), Pizhixia (AT), E (AT), Nie (AT) and Zhen (AT) in the observation group.The patients were pressed by themselves, 3 to 5 min per point each time, 5 times a day, and the contralateral auricular points were replaced every 2 or 3 days until 1 week after surgery. The Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores were compared between the two groups before and 7 days after surgery. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the total HAMA scores between after and before surgery in the observation group (>0.05). The total HAMA score in the control group was higher than that before surgery (<0.05). The total HAMA score in the observation group after surgery was lower than that in the control group (<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total HAMD scores between the two groups before and after surgery (<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total HAMD scores between the two groups after the surgery (>0.05). The scores of somatic anxiety factor in the two groups were higher than those before surgery (<0.05). The scores of somatic anxiety factor in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (<0.05). The scores of psychotic anxiety factors in the two groups were lower than those before surgery (<0.05). There was no significant difference in the score of psychotic anxiety factors between the two groups (>0.05). The total score of PSQI in the two groups was lower than that before surgery (<0.05), and the total score of PSQI in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (<0.05). CONCLUSION Auricular point sticking can effectively improve some psychological stress problems during perioperative period in patients with anorectal diseases.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Anxiety Disorders ; therapy ; Humans ; Rectal Diseases ; surgery ; Stress, Psychological

Objective To investigate and compare the curative effect between delayed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting 12-24 hours from symptom onset and medical therapy on acute myocardial infarction patients presenting with ST-segment elevation (STEMI). Methods Using a prospective,open,parallel,controlled research approach,186 patients with STEMI were divided into delayed PCI group(n=89),which received PCI within 12-24 hours after STEMI and medical therapy group(n=97),which received medical therapy after STEMI. All patients were followed up 1-6 months with average follow-up (5.6 ± 1.4) months. Data of hospitalization period, the cardiac structures detected by echocardiography such as left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular diastolic diameter(LVDd),left ventricular ejection fraction LVEF,left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS),composite end point events and major adverse cardiac events(MACE)were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with medical therapy group, the hospitalization cycle was significantly shorter in delayed PCI group. Data of the LAD and LVDd were significantly decreased,but LVEF and LVFS were increased in delayed PCI group compared with those of medical therapy group at 30 d and 6-month follow-up. The incidence of MACE and composite end point events were significantly less in delayed PCI group than those of medical therapy group (P<0.05). Conclusion Delayed PCI treatment can decrease the time of hospital stay and decrease the incidence rates of MACE and composite end point events,and improve left ventricular function and prognosis of patients.

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of cultivated Cordyceps sinensis (CCS) on leukemia-derived K562 cells, and further explore the underlying mechanisms. After routine culture of K562 cells, MTT assay was used to detect the effect of CCS on survivel of human leukemia cell lines K562;DAPI staining was used to observe the morphological changes of the nucleus and AO/EB staining was used to observe cell apoptosis. JC-1 staining was employed to detect the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect cell cycle distribution, and Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 3, caspase 8, cyclin D1, CDK2, and CDK4 in K562 cells. The results showed that CCS (0.345-5.524 g·L⁻¹) substantially suppressed proliferation of K562 cells and induced G₁/S phase arrest in a dose-dependent manner. DAPI and AO/EB staining indicated that cell apoptosis was significantly induced by CCS treatment, accompanied by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential demonstrated by JC-1 staining. Western blot results showed that CCS significantly increased the expression of Bax and, meanwhile, decreased the expression levels of Bcl-2, cyclin D1, CDK2, CDK4, caspase 3 and caspase 8. Collectively, our data demonstrated that CCS dose-dependently suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in K562 cells, and the mechanism might be associated with inducing cell cycle arrest, regulating Bcl-2/Bax ratio and activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Objective To explore the effects of different degrees of intermittent hypoxia (IH) on the activation and the secretion of extracellular matrix in MLg lung fibroblast cell line. Methods MLg lung fibroblast cells in logarithmic growth phase were exposed for 5%O2 for 100 seconds and 21%O2 for 120 seconds in 1 h, 4 h and 8 h groups (IH1, IH4 and IH8) and normoxia group (21%O2 for 8 h, N group). The cells in each group were collected at the end of experiment. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels ofα-SMA and typeⅠcollagen (COL1) A1, and Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression levels ofα-SMA and COL1. Results The mRNA and protein expression levels ofα-SMA and COL1 were significantly increased in IH1, IH4 and IH8 groups than those in N group (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, expression levels of α-SMA and COL1 showed a time-dependent increase with IH exposure time. Conclusion The intermittent hypoxia can promote the cell activation and the extracellular matrix secretion of mouse lung fibroblast cells, which may be related with the oxidative stress.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dementia in the elderly people in pension agencies in Chongqing,and analyse its influencing factors.Methods The elderly people aged 60 and above in ten pension agencies were chosen randomly as subjects based on cluster sampling method.Face to face interviews were adopted in this research.The cognitive status of the elderly people was assessed through mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and instrumental activities of daily living scale (IADL).The influencing factors of dementia in the elderly people in pension agencies were collected by self-made general status scale for elderly people and the geriatric depression scale (GDS).Results A total of 119 elderly people were diagnosed with dementia in 415 eligible elderly people,and the prevalence rate was 28.67 ％.The prevalence rate of dementia in the elderly people was significantly different by age,gender,marital status,educational level,habitation,whether or not smoking,drinking and exercise,frequencies of housework and outdoor activities,whether or not having religious beliefs,and whether or not suffering from high blood pressure,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke and depression (P＜0.05).No statistically significant difference was found in the prevalence rate of dementia in the elderly people differed by occupation,financial situation,whether or not eating fresh water fishes,seafood,fish oil health products,livers or fat meat,eggs,and frequencies of social interaction with relatives and neighbors,playing Mahjong or chess,watching TV or listening to broadcasts and participating in social activities (P＞0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that aged 70 or above,female,smoking,overweight or obesity and hypertension were the risk factors for dementia in the elderly people in pension agencies in Chongqing,while in marriage,not live alone and participating in outdoor activities everyday were the protective factors for dementia in the elderly people in pension agencies in Chongqing.Conclusion The prevalence rate of dementia in the elderly people in 10 pension agencies in Chongqing is relatively high,which indicated that more emphasis should be placed on preventing and controling dementia.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among the old people in Chongqing, China. Methods From October to November, 2015, 1850 persons more than 60-year-old in Chongqing were cluster sampled. They were investigated with self-made general situation questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Instrumental Activity of Daily Living Scale (IADL) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) through face-to-face interview. Enumeration data were tested withχ2 test and multiple Logistic regression. Results MCI prevalence was 11.73%in the old people in Chongqing, and various with the residential re-gions, ages, marital status, literacy, career, smoking, drinking, seafood-eating, egg-eating, exercising, intensive labor, low intensity of labor, housework, outdoor activities, Mahjong/chess/cards playing, TV-watching/radio-listening/newspaper-reading, social activities, obesity, hy-pertension, diabetes, stroke, hyperglycemia, cerebrovascular insufficiency and depression (χ2>4.092, P<0.05). According to multiple Logis-tic regression, living in rural areas, aging, celibacy, obesity, hypertension and depression were the risk factors of MCI;while middle school and above years of schooling, mental workers, smoking cessation, frequent seafood-eating and egg-eating, exercising, daily intensive labor and low intensity of labor, daily and sometimes housework, daily and weekly outdoor activities at least once, daily Mahjong/chess/cards playing and daily TV-watching/radio-listening/newspaper-reading were the preventing factors. Conclusion The morbidity of MCI is high in the old people in Chongqing. It is necessary to take effective intervention in view of the related factors of MCI as early as possible, to delay or prevent the development of MCI to dementia.

Objective To explore the effects of cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced hypoxia on migration of melanoma cells, and to detect the transcription, expression and secretion of Follistatin-like 1(FSTL1) in this process. Methods B16F10 melanoma cell line was treated with CoCl2 in order to mimic hypoxia. Experimental cells were divided into three groups: 0μmol/L, 50μmol/L and 100μmol/L CoCl2 treatment groups. MTT assay was used to assure cell viability, and to determine the treatment concentration of CoCl2. Transwell assay was used to determine the migration ability of B16F10 melanoma cell line. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of Fstl1. Western blot assay was used to detect the intracel?lular and extracellular protein expression of FSTL1. Results The cell viability of B16F10 melanoma cell line was signifi?cantly reduced by CoCl2 treatment, with a time and concentration-dependent manner. The migration ability of B16F10 cell line was significantly increased in CoCl2 treated group compared with that of control group (P<0.05). The mRNA level of Fstl1 was obviously higher in CoCl2 treated group than that of control group (P<0.05). The intracellular expression of FSTL1 protein was consistent with the expression trend of Fstl1 mRNA. Simultaneously, the extracellular protein level of FSTL1 was significantly decreased compared with that of control group. There was no expression of FSTL1 in 100μmol/L CoCl2 treat?ment group. Conclusion The migration ability of melanoma cell line is enhanced by CoCl2 treatment, which may be associ?ated with expression and secretion of FSTL1, however, the relevant mechanism still needs further investigation.

Objective:To study the metabolism of pedunculoside treated with rat intestinal bacteria in vitro. Methods:Pedunculo-side and rat intestinal bacteria were incubated in vitro for 0, 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours under anaerobic condition. After extracted repeat-edly by ethyl acetate, the metabolites in the incubation media were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. Results:Totally 90. 8% of pedunculoside was transformed to M2 after incubated with rat intestinal bacteria in vitro for 48 hours, and a detailed compari-son of HPLC profiles between M2 and rotundic acid showed M2 was rotundic acid. Conclusion: Pedunculoside can be metabolized to rotundic acid by rat intestinal bacteria in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Liuweidihuang Pills in relieving cellphone electromagnetic radiation-induced histomorphological abnormality, oxidative injury, and cell apoptosis in the rat testis.

METHODSThirty adult male SD rats were equally randomized into a normal, a radiated, and a Liuweidihuang group, the animals in the latter two groups exposed to electromagnetic radiation of 900 MHz cellphone frequency 4 hours a day for 18 days. Meanwhile, the rats in the Liuweidihuang group were treated with the suspension of Liuweidihuang Pills at 1 ml/100 g body weight and the other rats intragastrically with the equal volume of purified water. Then all the rats were killed for observation of testicular histomorphology by routine HE staining, measurement of testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels by colorimetry, and determination of the expressions of bax and bcl-2 proteins in the testis tissue by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSCompared with the normal controls, the radiated rats showed obviously loose structure, reduced layers of spermatocytes, and cavitation in the seminiferous tubules. Significant increases were observed in the MDA level (P < 0.01) and bax expression (P < 0.01) but decreases in the GSH level (P < 0.01) and bcl-2 expression (P < 0.01) in the testis issue of the radiated rats. In comparison with the radiated rats, those of the Liuweidihuang group exhibited nearly normal testicular structure, significantly lower MDA level (P < 0.05), bax expression (P < 0.01), and bcl-2 expression (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONLiuweidihuang Pills can improve cellphone electromagnetic radiation-induced histomorphological abnormality of the testis tissue and reduce its oxidative damage and cell apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cell Phone ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Electromagnetic Radiation ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seminiferous Tubules ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Spermatocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Staining and Labeling ; Testis ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiation effects