BACKGROUND: Children's respiratory health demonstrates particular sensitivity to air pollution. Existing evidence investigating the association between short-term ozone (O₃) exposure and childhood pneumonia remains insufficient and inconsistent, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHOD: To provide more reliable and persuasive evidence, we implemented a multi-city, time-stratified case-crossover design with a large sample size, using data from seven representative children's hospitals across major geographical regions in China. To avoid the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, individual-level medical records of inpatient children under 6 years of age diagnosed with pneumonia during 2016-2019 were collected. Conditional logistic regression models were fitted for each city, and city-specific estimates were pooled through a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. RESULTS: In total, the study included 137,470 pediatric pneumonia hospital admissions. The highest pooled estimate for O₃ occurred at lag0-1, with a 10 µg/m³ increase in O₃ associated with a 1.57% (95% CI: 0.67%-2.48%) higher risk of pediatric pneumonia hospital admissions. Stratified analyses indicated that the effects of O₃ were robust across different sexes, age groups, and admission seasons. We also observed a statistically significant increase in risk associated with O₃ concentrations exceeding the World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines (WHO-AQGs). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a significant positive association between O₃ and pediatric pneumonia hospital admissions. Our findings substantially strengthen the evidence base for the adverse health impacts of O₃, underscoring the importance of O₃ pollution control and management in reducing the public health burden of pediatric pneumonia.
Humans ; Ozone/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Pneumonia/chemically induced* ; Child, Preschool ; Male ; Female ; Infant ; Cross-Over Studies ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data* ; Child ; Cities/epidemiology* ; Air Pollution/adverse effects* ; Infant, Newborn ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects*

Prostate cancer is a prevalent and debilitating disease that necessitates effective prevention and treatment strategies. Green tea, a well-known beverage derived from the Camellia sinensis plant, contains bioactive compounds with potential health benefits, including catechins and polyphenols. This comprehensive review aims to explore the potential benefits of green tea in prostate cancer prevention and treatment by examining existing literature. Green tea possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties attributed to its catechins, particularly epigallocatechin gallate. Epidemiological studies have reported an inverse association between green tea consumption and prostate cancer risk, with potential protection against aggressive forms of the disease. Laboratory studies demonstrate that green tea components inhibit tumor growth, induce apoptosis, and modulate signaling pathways critical to prostate cancer development and progression. Clinical trials and human studies further support the potential benefits of green tea. Green tea consumption has been found to be associated with a reduction in prostate-specific antigen levels, tumor markers, and played a potential role in slowing disease progression. However, challenges remain, including optimal dosage determination, formulation standardization, and conducting large-scale, long-term clinical trials. The review suggests future research should focus on combinatorial approaches with conventional therapies and personalized medicine strategies to identify patient subgroups most likely to benefit from green tea interventions.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Tea/chemistry* ; Catechin/pharmacology*

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia. CONCLUSIONS The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.
Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Cesarean Section ; Risk Factors ; Asphyxia Neonatorum/etiology*

Recurrent genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease induced by herpes simplex virus（HSV）， mainly manifested as erythema， papules， vesicles， erosion， and exudation on the skin and mucosal membranes of the genital and anal area， accompanied by burning pain， or tingling. Factors leading to its recurrence are overworking， fever， alcohol consumption， infection， sexual activity， etc. At least 1 in 10 of the 15-49-year-old population are infected with herpes simplex virus-2. There is currently no available method to completely remove the herpes simplex virus and prevent its recurrence， and recurrence seriously affects the quality of life and psychological health of patients. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the recurrence of genital herpes is mostly related to wind， dampness， heat， yin deficiency of liver and kidney， internal injuries due to emotional disorder， and dietary preference. TCM has advantages in reducing its recurrence rate. The lower energizer is closely related to skin diseases， and "lower energizer resembles drainage". Thus， the lower energizer is closely related to water and damp metabolism. Recurrent genital herpes occurs in the lower energizer and belongs to lower energizer diseases， and the fluid metabolism and qi movement in lower energizer are closely related to the occurrence of the disease. Based on thought of "lower energizer resembling drainage" and the clinical characteristics of recurrent genital herpes， this paper considered malfunction of lower energizer as its pathogenesis. Thus， smoothing the lower energizer according to the prevailing circumstances is particularly important and the treatment principle should be dispersing the pathogen from lower energizer without damaging yin. Zhulingtang （Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases） cures the difficulty in urination and thirst with desire to drink by smoothing the lower energizer. Thus， Zhulingtang was selected to treat recurrent genital herpes. This study is expected to provide a new idea for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) has been used to detect the metabolites of schaftoside in plasma, bile, urine and feces of mice after oral administration. The study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee from Xuzhou Medical University (No. XZMULL201612024). Compounds were identified by analyzing their high-resolution mass spectrometry data, mass spectra, and comparison with reference substances and the literatures. The parent compound and 29 metabolites were detected in the plasma, bile, urine and feces samples of mice. The main metabolic pathways of schaftoside in mice include deglycosylation/glycosylation, hydroxylation/dehydroxylation, hydrogenation, methylation, acetylation, sulfation, and glucuronidation. This study provides references for the material basis of schaftoside in vivo.

Patients with bicuspid aortic valve are often complicated with aortic dilatation. If the aortic valve is of good quality, aortic root replacement with aortic valve preservation is feasible. A 35-year-old male patient with bicuspid aortic regurgitation complicated with ascending aortic aneurysm underwent Remodeling+Ring (modified Yacoub) operation. Echocardiography showed that there was no aortic regurgitation on the 3rd day after operation, and the patient was discharged satisfactorily on the 6th day after operation. Remodeling+Ring surgery ensures the physiological movement of the aortic valve, solves the enlarged annulus, avoids the problems caused by valve replacement, and significantly improves the quality of life of patients, which is worth popularizing.

BACKGROUND: It has been a global trend that increasing complications related to pelvic floor surgeries have been reported over time. The current study aimed to outline the development of Chinese pelvic floor surgeries related to pelvic organ prolapse (POP) over the past 14 years and investigate the potential influence of enhanced monitoring conducted by the Chinese Association of Urogynecology since 2011. METHODS: A total of 44,594 women with POP who underwent pelvic floor surgeries between October 1, 2004 and September 30, 2018 were included from 22 tertiary academic medical centers. The data were reported voluntarily and obtained from a database. We compared the proportion of each procedure in the 7 years before and 7 years after September 30, 2011. The data were analyzed by performing Z test (one-sided). RESULTS: The number of different procedures during October 1, 2011-September 30, 2018 was more than twice that during October 1, 2004-September 30, 2011. Regarding pelvic floor surgeries related to POP, the rate of synthetic mesh procedures increased from 38.1% (5298/13,906) during October 1, 2004-September 30, 2011 to 46.0% (14,107/30,688) during October 1, 2011-September 30, 2018, whereas the rate of non-mesh procedures decreased from 61.9% (8608/13,906) to 54.0% (16,581/30,688) (Z = 15.53, P < 0.001). Regarding synthetic mesh surgeries related to POP, the rates of transvaginal placement of surgical mesh (TVM) procedures decreased from 94.1% (4983/5298) to 82.2% (11,603/14,107) (Z = 20.79, P < 0.001), but the rate of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) procedures increased from 5.9% (315/5298) to 17.8% (2504/14,107). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of synthetic mesh procedures increased while that of non-mesh procedures decreased significantly. The rate of TVM procedures decreased while the rate of LSC procedures increased significantly. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03620565, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov.
China ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Pelvic Floor/surgery* ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse/surgery* ; Surgical Mesh/adverse effects* ; Treatment Outcome ; Vagina

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical application of screening cell combination method in the prediction of red blood cell alloantibody, so as to provide basis for clinical diagnosis. METHODS: From October 2018 to April 2020, 9 680 samples were screened with automatic blood group instrument, 79 patients with positive alloantibodies were identified by 4 sets of screening cells from different manufacturers (referred to as combined method). At the same time, cell panel Panocell-16 was used for comparative analysis. Meanwhile, the combined method was also used to identify the antibodies of 20 samples from National Center for Clinical Laboratories external quality assessment (EQA) in China and 12 samples from WHO EQA. RESULTS: The 79 alloantibodies included anti-Mia antibody (7 cases), anti-M antibody (13 cases), anti-Le CONCLUSION The combined method can identify the alloantibodies of red blood cells in Chinese population. The screening cells can be used for screening of irregular antibodies without wasting reagents at the same time.
Autoantibodies ; Blood Group Antigens ; China ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Isoantibodies

Objective:To summarize the characteristics of hypertension and target organ damage in hospitalized children, so as to provide scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and management of hypertension children.Methods:The clinical data of 165 hospitalized children diagnosed with hypertension at Beijing Children′s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Data including medical history, clinical symptoms, signs, auxiliary examination and treatment strategy were collected and analyzed statistically.Results:Of 165 admitted hypertensive children who met the inclusion criteria, 35(21.2%)were classified as having primary hypertension, and 130(78.8%)were secondary hypertension.The body mass index(BMI)and the rate of family history of children with primary hypertension were higher than those of children with secondary hypertension, the differences were statistically significant( t=2.052, P=0.026; χ2=3.321, P=0.009). Among 165 children with hypertension, 137 had varying degrees of clinical symptoms(83.0%), only nine primary hypertension cases showed symptoms.The original etiologies of secondary hypertension included 78 cases of renal disease(60.0%), 23 cases of cardiogenic disease(17.7%), six cases of endocrine disease(4.6%)and five cases of rheumatic disease(3.8%). Of all admitted patients, the blood pressure of 158 cases(95.8%)decreased to normal with weight control, low-fat and low-salt diet, antihypertensive drugs and treatment of primary disease.Besides, the parents of seven cases gave up any treatment and left hospital. Conclusion:Secondary hypertension is the main type of hypertension in children, among which renal parenchymal disease is the most common etiology.The clinical symptoms also vary by its original etiology.The overall goal of this study is to reduce the risk of target organ damage, and get blood pressure under control relatively early and effectively.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease(KD)with complications of acute abdominal disease and to improve the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients.Methods:A total of 2 931 cases with KD hospitalized from January 2016 to December 2019 in our department were retrospectively analyzed, including 14 children with acute abdominal disease(acute abdomen group). And 62 patients with KD but without acute abdominal disease were randomly selected as the control group.The clinical characteristics, laboratory examination and treatment between two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:There were 8 males and 6 females.The average age of patients was(4.46±0.74) years.Compared with control group, there was no significant difference in age, sex and proportion of coronary artery injury in acute abdomen group( P>0.05). Acute abdominal disease group were more likely to have gastrointestinal symptoms, intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) resistance and longer fever duration( P<0.05). C-reactive protein(CRP), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase(GGT) and total bilirubin(TBIL) in acute abdominal disease group were significantly higher( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in white blood cell, erythroayte sedimentation rate, hemoglobin, platelet, Na + , albumin between two groups( P>0.05). All of the 14 patients used IVIG, 3 of them were treated with hormone(methylprednisolone)and 1 patient accepted infliximab.All patients were discharged from hospital.After follow-up for 6 months to 3 years, all patients had no sequelae of digestive system. Conclusion:KD can be complicated with acute abdominal disease, some of which as the first symptom.Gastrointestinal manifestations such as abdominal pain are common.For children with obvious gastrointestinal symptoms, IVIG resistance, and long duration of fever, attention should be paid to the possibility of acute abdominal disease.For children with significantly elevated CRP, ALT, AST, GGT, and TBIL should to be alert to the possibility of acute abdominal disease.KD complicated with acute abdominal disease generally has good prognosis.It is important to treat KD in the first place.